The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Diatom Assemblages and its Paleoceanography of the Holocene Glaciomarine Sediments from the Western Antarctic Peninsula shelf, Antarctica

남극반도 서 대륙붕의 빙해양 퇴적물의 규조군집 특성과 고해양 변화

  • Shin, Yu-Na (Polar Research Laboratory, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Yea-Dong (Polar Research Laboratory, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kang, Cheon-Yoon (Polar Research Laboratory, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Yoon, Ho-Il (Polar Research Laboratory, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
  • 신유나 (한국해양연구원 극지연구본부) ;
  • 김예동 (한국해양연구원 극지연구본부) ;
  • 강천윤 (한국해양연구원 극지연구본부) ;
  • 윤호일 (한국해양연구원 극지연구본부)
  • Published : 2001.08.31
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Abstract

Based upon the sedimentological, geochemical and micropaleontological analyses of two sediment cores from the Antarctic Peninsula (AP), three distinct lithological units can be recognized: (1) ice-proximal an/or ice-distal diamictons in the lower part of the cores, accumulated just seaward of the grounding line of the ice shlef until 11,000 yrs BP; (2) diatomaceous mud between 6,000 and 2,500 yrs BP in the middle part, resulted from a large influx of organic materials by enhanced production of open marine condition; (3) diatomaceous sandy mud since 2,500 yrs BP, characterized by an increase in sand content and decrease in TOC and diatom abundance in the lower layers, which reflects the formation of more extensive and seasonally persistent sea ice. Based on the C-14 radiocarbon dating, the sub-ice shlef deposition of the diamicton on the AP western shelf completed around 11,000 yrs BP. Colder condition was reinstated between 12,800 and 11,600 BP with a dropin TOC content and diatom abundance, which is coincident with the Younger Dryas event in the North Atlanticregion. At this time, the ice shelf, that is now absent in the study area, appears to advance as evidenced by an abrupt increase in sea-ice taxa. A climatic optimum is recognized between 9,000 and 2,500 BP, coincide witha mid-Holocene climatic optimum 'Hypsithermal Warm Period' from the other Antarctic sites. During this time, diatomaceous mud accumulated by a large influx of organic materials by enhanced production occurred in openmarine condition. Around 2,500 BP, diatomaceous sandy mud reflects the formation of more extensive and seasonally persistent sea ice, coincident with the onset of the Neoglacial in the Antarctic. Our results provide evidence of climatic change from the Antarctic Peninsula`s western shelf that helps in determining the existence and timing of Holocene milennial-scale climatic events in the Southern Hemisphere.

남극반도 서 대륙붕의 흘로세 빙해양 퇴적작용과 고해양 변화를 이해하기 위해 서 대륙붕에서 얻은 두 개의 코어퇴적물에 대하여 C-14 연대측정, 퇴적학 및 지화학 특성과 규조군집 특성을 조사했다. 분석 결과, 코어는 크게 세 개의 퇴적상으로 구분되었다. 코어 최하부는 사질과 각력이 많고, 분급이 불량한 다이아믹튼으로 구성된다. 이 퇴적상이 유기물과 규조각이 적고, 사질함량과 평균 입도의 변화가 큰 것으로 보아 빙붕 밑에 발달한 기저쇄설층으로부터 역의공급을 받아 퇴적된 다이아믹튼으로 해석된다. AMS C-14분석 결과 이 퇴적상은 11,000 yrs BP전 까지 빙붕 아래에서 퇴적되었으며, 특히 11,500${\sim}$12,700 yrs BP동안에 기온의 하강으로 빙하가 다시 진출함에 따라 유기물이 급격히 감소하고, 접빙종의 산출이 급증한 것으로 보인다. 시기적으로 이 기간은 북대서양 일원에서 일어났던 영거드라이아스 냉각기와 잘 대비된다. 다이아믹튼 바로 위에 나타나는 규조질 이토가 유기물과 규조각이 최대이며, 접빙종의 산출이 최소인 점으로 보아, 이 퇴적상은 원양환경에서 일차생산력의 증가로 형성된 많은 양의 유기물이 해저로 공급된 결과로 보인다. AMS C-14분석 결과, 유기탄소 함량이 최대이고, C. resting spore의 산출빈도가 최대인 구간의 퇴적시기는 9,000${\sim}$2,500 yrs BP로 나타났다. 일반적으로 이 시기는 흘로세 중기에 오늘날보다 더 따뜻했던 고열기와 잘 일치한다. 코어 최상부의 규조질 사질 이토가 아래의 규조질 이토에 비해 접빙종의 산출과 사질함량이 많은 것은 빙하 진출로 인해 육상기원 물질의 공급이 증가한 것으로 보인다. AMS C-14분석 결과 상부 퇴적상의 퇴적시기는 2,500yrs BP경으로 나타났으며, 이 시기는 남극반도 지역에서 홀로세 말에 있었던 신빙하기(neoglacial)의 출발과 일치한다. 남극반도서 대륙붕에서 얻은 이상의 연구 결과는 향후 남반구에서 흘로세 동안에 일어났던 천년단위의 고기후 변화와 그에 따른 고해양 변화를 이해하는데 중요한 정보를 제공해 준다.

Keywords

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