• 생태와환경
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2013

Recent climate change, which is mostly ascribed to anthropogenic activities, is believed to be a major factor leading to biodiversity decreases and ecosystem service deteriorations. I have reviewed recent studies on climate change effects for many ecological processes involved with plants, in order to improve our understanding of the nature of ecological complexity. Plants in general have better growth and productivity under high levels of $CO_2$, although the long term effects of such $CO_2$ fertilizers are still controversial. Over the last 30 years, the Earth has been greening, particularly at higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, perhaps due to a relaxation of climatic constraints. Human appropriation of net primary productivity (NPP), which corresponds up to 1/3 of global NPP, is ultimately responsible for climate change and biodiversity decreases. Climate change causes phenological variations in plants, especially in regards to spring flowering and fall leaf coloring. Many plants migrate polewards and towards higher altitudes to seek more appropriate climates. On the other hand, tree mortality and population declines have recently been reported in many continents. Landscape disturbance not only hinders the plant migration, but also makes it difficult to predict the plants' potential habitats. Plant and animal population declines, as well as local extinctions, are largely due to the disruption of species interactions through temporal mismatching. Temperature and $CO_2$ increase rates in Korea are higher than global means. The degree of landscape disturbances is also relatively high. Furthermore, long-term data on individual species responses and species interactions are lacking or quite limited in Korea. This review emphasizes the complex nature of species responses to climate change at both global and local scales. In order to keep pace with the direction and speed of climate change, it is urgently necessary to observe and analyze the patterns of phenology, migration, and trophic interactions of plants and animals in Korea's landscape.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2022

Purpose: Climate change has various negative effects on human health, which has resulted in increased burden on the health care system. Nurses contribute significantly to assessing climate-related health risks and creating a healthy environment. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Climate, Health, and Nursing Tool (K-CHANT) to measure nurses' awareness, motivation, concern, and behaviors at work and at home regarding climate change and health. Methods: The 22 items of English CHANT were translated into Korean with forward-backward translation techniques. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were performed using SPSS WIN (25.0) and AMOS (26.0). Survey data were collected from 220 master's, doctoral, and post-doctoral nursing students. Results: The K-CHANT consists of 20 items across 5 domains. Two items of the original CHANT were excluded because of low content validity index and standardized regression weights. The internal consistency reliability of the K-CHANT, assessed by Cronbach's α was .81, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of .66~.90. The five subscales model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (SRMR < .08, RMSEA < .08, AGFI > .70, CFI > .70). Conclusion: The K-CHANT has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure nurses' awareness, motivation, concern, and behaviors at work and at home regarding climate change and health. Future research should examine nurses' perceptions and behaviors related to the health effects of climate change and develop an action plan to improve it.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2023

Background: This study investigated the relationship between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation. Moreover, this study examines the moderating roles of organizational climate on the association between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation in Korean male firefighters. Methods: A total of 15,104 male firefighters who completed a questionnaire were analyzed. The data were obtained using an online self-administered questionnaire from the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety and Health Study. Poisson regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation and the moderating effect of organizational climate. Results: The results showed that 389 firefighters (2.6%) responded that they had experienced suicidal ideation. In the final model, trauma exposure was positively related to suicidal ideation (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.076; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.051-1.103), and organizational climate was negatively associated with suicidal ideation (aRR, 0.772; 95% CI: 0.739-0.806). Additionally, the interaction term (trauma exposure × organizational climate) was related to suicidal ideation (aRR, 1.016; 95% CI: 1.009-1.023). Conclusions: This study suggests that trauma exposure might play a significant role in developing suicidal ideation and that positive organizational climate moderates the negative effects of trauma exposure on suicidal ideation among firefighters. It is necessary to perform a follow-up study of various intervention strategies to maintain a healthy organizational climate or work environment. Such interventions should promote lasting trust within teams, provide social support and belonging, and nurture job value.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2015

Effects of chitin and chitosan treatments on soil microorganisms and the mesofauna were investigated in a microcosm and a fumigated field experiment. Responses of microorganisms were determined using microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, whereas responses of the mesofauna were measured in terms of the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods. Soil nitrate concentration increased on the application of chitin. Overall, chitin promoted bacterial and fungal abundance, leading to an increase in abundance of free-living soil nematodes that feed on decomposers. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was highest in the chitin-treated soil. Chitosan had a minimal effect on the abundance of microorganisms; however, it reduced the abundance of collembolans in the microcosm experiment. These results indicate that the application of chitin has beneficial effects on the supply of nutrients and promotion of the abundance of soil organisms.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.922-928
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• 2016

Bearing in mind that global climate change is a rising issue, the coastal community of Prek Thnaot, Cambodia has been put on severe effects about natural disasters caused from poor infrastructure and agriculture dependence. This paper proposes to provide and guide a strategic action for the sustainable development path of coastal community in a more continuous manner including a robust resilience to impacts of climate change, natural disasters, and other risks. In doing so, this paper will help environmentally sound management and coastal resources sustainability being sound for socially and economically inclusive development. Proposed fourteen strategic actions for the research should be accompanying with the participation of and cooperation from the local coastal community. Based on the proposed strategic actions, it is critical that the local authorities and other key stakeholders need to accomplish. Providing a good insight for the central government, the strategic action is expected to integrate and prepare a management strategy plan for the local coastal community level. Therefore, this information can be applied to other coastal areas to promote and ensure sustainable protection and management of coastal resources.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.938-953
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 중학생들의 기후변화에 대한 이해 증진과 미래의 기후변화에 대한 예측을 통해 기후변화에 대응하고 실천할 수 있는 능력을 길러 주기 위한 중학교 과학과 기후변화 교육 프로그램을 개발하고 적용하여 그 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중학교 과학과 교과시간을 위한 기후변화 교육 프로그램이 개발되었다. 중학교 과학과 기후변화 교육 프로그램은 8개의 주제가 기후변화의 현상과 원인, 영향 및 대응방안 등의 교육내용을 중심으로 중학교 교과 교육과정에 활용될 수 있도록 개발되었으며, 기후변화가 가지는 지구시스템 과학 교육의 특성과 지속가능 발전 교육의 통합적인 특성을 반영하도록 개발하였다. 둘째, 개발된 중학교 과학과 기후변화 교육 프로그램을 적용하여 효과를 분석하였다. 효과를 분석해 본 결과, 중학교 과학과 기후변화 교육프로그램은 학생들의 기후변화에 대한 지식 이해 수준 및 기후변화에 대한 인식 및 태도, 실천의지의 향상에 기여했음을 보여주었다.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.179-192
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• 2007

Understanding in climate effects on marine ecosystem is essential to utilize, predict, and conserve marine living resources in the 21st century. In this review paper, we summarized the past history and current status of Korean fisheries as well as the changes in climate and oceanographic phenomena since the 1960s. Ocean ecosystems in Korean waters can be divided into three, based on the marine commercial fish catches; the demersal ecosystem in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, the pelagic ecosystem in the Tsushima Warm Current from the East China Sea to the East/Japan Sea, and the demersal ecosystem in the northern part of the East/Japan Sea. Through the interdisciplinary retrospective analysis using available fisheries, oceanographic, and meteorological information in three important fish communities, the trend patterns in major commercial catches and the relationship between climate/environmental variability and responses of fish populations were identified. Much evidence revealed that marine ecosystems, including the fish community in Korean waters, has been seriously affected by oceanographic changes, and each species has responded differently. In general, species diversity is lessening, and mean trophic level of each ecosystem has decreased during the last $3\sim4$ decades. Future changes in fisheries due to global warming are also considered for major fisheries and aquaculture in Korean waters.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2023

Recently, the use of renewable energy has been increasing to achieve carbon neutrality. The concept of a zero-energy building is also attracting attention. In this study, a preliminary study was conducted to analyze the feasibility of a hybrid wind and solar power generation system between buildings that utilize the building wind generated by the Venturi effect. For this purpose, the wind speed and sunshine hours were monitored in the area where the building wind blows by the Venturi effect, and the power generation depending on system types, areas, and season was estimated. Consequently, the wind power generation system showed a larger amount of power per area than solar power. The wind power systems can generate larger power if wind power blades are installed along the height of the building. As a preliminary study, this study verified the feasibility of the system utilizing building wind and suggested follow-up studies.

• 대기
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2024

In this study, we empirically analyzed the impact of physical risks due to climate change on the soundness and operational performance of the financial industry by combining economics and climatology. Particularly, unlike previous studies, we employed the Seasonal-Trend decomposition using LOESS (STL) method to extract trends of climate-related risk variables and economic-financial variables, conducting a two-stage empirical analysis. In the first stage estimation, we found that the delinquency rate and the Bank for International Settlement (BIS) ratio of commercial banks have significant negative effects on the damage caused by natural disasters, frequency of heavy rainfall, average temperature, and number of typhoons. On the other hand, for insurance companies, the damage from natural disasters, frequency of heavy rainfall, frequency of heavy snowfall, and annual average temperature have significant negative effects on return on assets (ROA) and the risk-based capital ratio (RBC). In the second stage estimation, based on the first stage results, we predicted the soundness and operational performance indicators of commercial banks and insurance companies until 2035. According to the forecast results, the delinquency rate of commercial banks is expected to increase steadily until 2035 under assumption that recent years' trend continues until 2035. It indicates that banks' managerial risk can be seriously worsened from climate change. Also the BIS ratio is expected to decrease which also indicates weakening safety buffer against climate risks over time. Additionally, the ROA of insurance companies is expected to decrease, followed by an increase in the RBC, and then a subsequent decrease.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

A Gangwon region consisting of over 80% of forest area has industries that have been developed by utilizing its clean region image. However, the recent climate change has increased the forest disease & insect pest as well as the forest fire and the major cause is known to be the increase in the frequency of a drought occurrence. From the aspect of climate change, it can be said that drought and forest are important in every aspect of the adaptation and mitigation of climate change measure as they increase forest disease & insect pest that leads to desolation of usable forest resource. In addition, the increase of forest fire reduces resources that can absorb greenhouse gas, which leads to increase in green house emission. The purpose of this study is to provide a motive for concentrating administrative power for protecting forest in a Gangwon region by selecting a drought management needed local government through a drought forecast according to the climate change scenario of a Gangwon region.