• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제3권3_4호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2000

Recent changes in the coastal sea surface temperatures (SST) in Korea are studied by time series analysis of daily SST data during the last 60 years (1936-1995) at 18 coastal observation stations of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. The climate of coastal SST in Korea are rapidly changing in recent years. General trends of coast SST changes in Korea are as follows. The annual averages of SST are increasing. The annual ranges of SST variation are decreasing. The winter SST are increasing while the summer SST have a decreasing tendency. Climatic changes in coastal SST in recent 30 years (1965-1995) are more pronounced than those in the last 60 years (1936-1995). The observed trend of coast SST implies that the climate in Korea shows a tendency to shift from temperate zone to subtropical zone.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2003

Climate of Mongolia is a driven force on natural conditions as well as socio-economic development of the country. Due to the precariousness of climate conditions and traditional economic structure, natural disasters, specially disasters of meteorological and hydrological origin, have substantial effect upon the natural resources and socio-economic sectors of Mongolia. Mongolia's climate is characterized by high variability of weather parameters, and high frequency and magnitude of extreme climate and weather events. During the last few decades, climate of the country is changing significantly under the global warning. The annual mean air temperature for the whole territory of the country has increased by $1.56^{\circ}C$ during the last 60 years,. The winter temperature has increased by $1.56^{\circ}C$. These changes in temperature are spatially variable: winter warming is more pronounced in the high mountains and wide valleys between the mountains, and less so in the steppe and Gobi regions. There is a slight trend of increased precipitation during the last 60 years. The average precipitation rate is increased during 1940-1998 by 6%. This trend is not seasonally consistent: while summer precipitation increased by 11 %, spring precipitation decreased by 17. The climate change studies in Mongolia show that climate change will have a significant impact on natural resources such as water resources, natural rangeland, land use, snow cover, permafrost as well as major economic activities of arable farming, livestock, and society (i.e. human health, living standards, etc.) of Mongolia. Therefore, in new century, sustainable development of the country is defined by mitigating and adaptation policies of climate change. The objective of the presentation is to contribute one's idea in the how to reflect the changes in climate system and weather extreme events in the country's sustainable development concept.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2008

According to the Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) Working Group III, climate change is already in progress around the world, and it is necessary to execute mitigation in order to minimize adverse impacts. This paper suggests future climate change needs, employing IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios(SRES) to predict temperature rises over the next 100 years. This information can be used to develop sustainable architecture applications for energy efficient buildings and renewable energy. Such climate changes could also affected the resent supplies of renewable energy sources. This paper discusses one recent Fourth Assessment Report of IPPC (Mitigation of Climate Change) and the Hadley Centre climate simulation of relevant data series for South Korea.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2020

Rice paddy accounts for approximately 52.5% of all farmlands in South Korea, and it is closely related to the water environment. Climate change is expected to affect not only agricultural productivity also the water and the nutrient circulation. Therefore this study was aimed to evaluate changes of nitrogen load from rice paddy considering climate change scenario uncertainty. APEX-Paddy model which reflect rice paddy environment by modifying APEX (Agricultural Policy and Environmental eXtender) model was used. Using the AIMS (APCC Integrated Modeling Solution) offered by the APEC Climate Center, bias correction was conducted for 9 GCMs using non-parametric quantile mapping. Bias corrected climate change scenarios were applied to the APEX-Paddy model. The changes and uncertainty in runoff and nitrogen load were evaluated using multi-model ensemble. Paddy runoff showed a change of 23.1% for RCP4.5 scenario and 45.5% for RCP8.5 scenario compared the 2085s (2071 to 2100) against the base period (1976 to 2005). The nitrogen load was found to be increased as 43.9% for RCP4.5 scenario and 76.0% for RCP8.5 scenario. The uncertainty analysis showed that the annual standard deviation of nitrogen loads increased in the future, and the maximum entropy indicated an increasing tendency. And Duncan's analysis showed significant differences among GCMs as the future progressed. The result of this study seems to be used as a basis for mid- and long-term policies for water resources and water system environment considering climate change.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.157-184
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 실질적인 기후변화에 따른 지하수 함양량 산정 모델 개발 및 관리방안을 마련하기 위하여 기후변화에 따른 지하수 함양량 변화를 산정하는 방법론을 제시하였고, 지리정보시스템을 활용하여 연구지역의 미래 시기별 지하수 함양량을 추정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 향후 기후변화에 따른 지하수 수자원 통합관리방안에 대한 정책적 사항을 제안하였다. 연구지역은 낙동강 본류를 포함하는 경상북도 칠곡군, 구미시 일부 및 대구시 북구 일부이며, 최종 연구결과는 미래 기후변화에 따른 시기별 강우량, 함양률, 함양량을 추정하였다. 함양량 및 함양률은 기후변화에 따른 강우량의 변화와 함께 변화하는 추세를 나타내고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 기후변화와 지하수 함양량의 불명확한 관계를 정량적으로 분석하였으며, 미래 기후변화 예측 결과를 반영한 연구지역 내 지하수 함양률 변화를 시-공간적으로 산정하고, 기존 산정 결과와의 비교를 통해, 향후 기후변화를 고려한 국내 지하수 수자원의 관리방안 수립을 위한 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 앞으로 연계모델의 고도화 방안 및 현장조사가 추가된다면 보다 정량적으로 기후변화와 지하수 함양량의 상관관계를 파악할 수 있으며, 향후 수자원으로 이용이 증가될 지하수의 전반적인 관리 및 효율적인 운영체제 구축을 위한 한 축을 차지할 수 있다는 점에서 중요성이 있다고 하겠다.

• 대기
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2013

Many studies have related the recent variations of wildfire regime such as the increasing number of occurrances, their patterns and timing changes, and the severity of their extreme cases with global warming. However, there are only a few numbers of wildfire studies to assess how the future wildfire regime will change in the interactions between land and atmosphere with climate change especially over East Asia. This study was performed to estimate the future changing aspect of wildfire danger with global warming, using Haines Index (HI). Calculated from atmospheric instability and dryness, HI is the potential of an existing fire to become a dangerous wildfire. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, two separated 5-year simulations of current (1995~1999) and far future (2095~2099) were performed and analyzed. Community Climate System Model 3 (CCSM3) model outputs were utilized for the model inputs for the past and future over East Asia; future prediction was driven under the IPCC A1B scenario. The results indicate changes of the wildfire danger regime, showing overall decreasing the wildfire danger in the future but intensified regional deviations between north and south. The overall changes of the wildfire regime seems to stem from atmospheric dryness which is sensitive to soil moisture variation. In some locations, the future wildfire danger overall decreases in summer but increases in winter or fall when the actual fire occurrence are generally peaked especially in South China.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2007

대기 중 이산화탄소 농도 및 온도 증가와 강수 패턴 변화에 따른 가뭄 정도 및 횟수의 변화는 습지에서 발생하는 온실가스의 양에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 습지에 존재하는 다양한 미생물 군집(탈질세균 및 메탄생성세균) 이 온실가스 생성에 있어 중요한 역할을 감당한다. 본 논문은 지금까지 전지구적 기후변화가 습지에서의 온실가스 발생과 관련 미생물 군집에 미치는 영향에 관한 다양한 연구를 정리하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 대기 중 이산화탄소 농도와 기온 증가는 일반적으로 온실가스 생성을 증가시켰다. 반면, 가뭄의 영향은 기체 종류와 가뭄 정도에 따라 다양한 결과가 보고되었다. 기후변화에 따른 미생물 군집의 변화는 습지시스템에서 보고된 연구의 부족으로 인해 특정한 결론을 도출할 수 없었다. 본 총설은 습지에서 미생물을 매개로 한 반응을 연구함에 있어 관련 미생물 군집구조의 특성을 파악하고, 다양한 환경인자에 대한 그들의 반응을 알아내는 것과 미생물 반응과 군집구조간의 상관 관계를 도출하는 것의 중요성을 제안한다. 이는 향후 전지구적 기후 변화가 습지의 생태학적 기능에 미칠 영향을 더 잘 이해하고 예측하는데 있어 매우 중요할 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.232-232
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• 2015

Land use and climate changes are the important factors to determine the runoff and sediment loads from the watershed. The changes also affected to runoff volume/pattern to the dam operation and may cause flood and drought situations in the downstream area. Sirikit Dam is one of the biggest dams in Thailand which cover about 25 % of the runoff into the Central Plain where the Bangkok Capital is located. The study aims to determine the effect of land use change to the runoff/sediment volume pattern and the rainfall-runoff-sediment relationship in the different land use type. Field measurements of the actual rainfall, runoff and sediment in the selected four sub-basins with different type of land use in the Upper Nan Basin were conducted and the runoff ratio coefficients and sediment yield were estimated for each sub-basin. The effect of the land use change (deforestation) towards runoff/sediment will be investigated. The study of the climate change impact on the runoff in the future scenarios was conducted to project the change of runoff volume/pattern into the Sirikit Dam. The improvement of the Sirikit Dam operation rule was conducted to reduce the weakness of the existing operation rules after Floods 2011. The newly proposed dam operation rule improvement will then be evaluated from the water shortage situations in the downstream of Sirikit Dam under various conditions of changes of both land use and climate when compared with the situations based on the existing reservoir operation rules.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2018

Climate change will affect not only the crop productivity but also the pattern of rice disease epidemics in Korea. Impact assessments for the climate change are conducted using various climate change scenarios from many global climate models (GCM), such as a scenario from a best GCM or scenarios from multiple GCMs, or a combination of both. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of using a climate change scenario from the best GCM for the impact assessment on the potential epidemics of a rice leaf blast disease in Korea, in comparison to a multi?model ensemble (MME) scenario from multiple GCMs. For this, this study involves analyses of disease simulation using an epidemiological model, EPIRICE?LB, which was validated for Korean rice paddy fields. We then assessed likely changes in disease epidemics using the best GCM selected for individual agro?climatic zones and MME scenarios constructed by running 11 GCMs. As a result, the simulated incidence of leaf blast epidemics gradually decreased over the future periods both from the best GCM and MME. The results from this study emphasized that the best GCM selection approach resulted in comparable performance to the MME approach for the climate change impact assessment on rice leaf blast epidemic in Korea.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.207-222
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• 2021

Coffee is the most frequently consumed functional beverage world wide. The average daily coffee consumption is increasing. This crop, which plays an important role in the global economy is under great threat from climate change. To with stand the current climate change, farmers have to learn crop cultivation techniques, strategies to protect crops from diseases, and understand which type of seed varieties to use to avoid crop loss. The present review briefly discusses the coffee cultivation techniques, impact of climate changes on coffee production, processing techniques of coffee, and the importance of coffee in our society, including its chemical composition and prevention against, major diseases. Furthermore, the importance and role of advanced nanotechnology along with molecular approaches for coffee crop improvement and facing challenges are explained.