• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 한강수계 경안천 유역을 대상으로 미래 기후변화가 수자원에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기후모형에 따른 미래 전망자료의 불확실성을 고려하여 총 16개 GCMs에 의한 미래 기후자료와 SQM 상세화기법을 이용하여 경안천 유역을 대상으로 미래 기후자료를 도출하고 유역모형인 SWAT을 적용하여 과거부터 미래의 장기간에 대한 수문학적 변화를 분석하였다. 미래기간에 대해 GCM에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과 연간 강수량은 1,500 mm, 증발산량은 150 mm, 유출량은 1,380 mm, 평균값 대비 강수량은 -40 % ~ +60 %, 증발산량은 ±15 %, 유출량은 -60 % ~ +90 %로서 GCM에 따른 변동성이 크게 나타났다. 미래기간을 3개 기간으로 구분하여 기간별 기후변화 영향을 분석한 결과, 강수량, 증발산량, 유출량 모두 미래 후반기(2070~2099년)로 갈수록 점차 증가하며, RCP 8.5 시나리오 하에서 상대적으로 더 크게 증가할 것으로 전망되었다. 월별로는 미래 후반기로 갈수록 7~9월을 중심으로 강수량과 유출량이 증가하는 반면, 증발산량은 7월과 8월에 감소하고 9월과 10월에 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 다양한 GCM 자료에 따른 미래의 기후영향을 이해하고, GCM 기후자료에 따른 미래 기후영향의 불확실성을 판단하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

Carbon pricing is in the spotlight as an economically efficient policy to limit global warming and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We examine how policymakers can improve social acceptance of a carbon tax, which is the main obstacle in implementing the policy. We conduct a survey experiment to analyze this topic and adopt two different interventions focusing on the use of revenue from a carbon tax and types of information to be provided. Regarding revenue use, we consider 1) tax reductions, 2) lump-sum transfers, and 3) green project investments. For information types, we focus on 1) the economic value of a carbon tax, and 2) the environmental value of a carbon tax. We find that lump-sum transfers have negative impacts on social acceptance of a carbon tax. For those who perceive climate change as a serious issue, moreover, both lump-sum transfers and tax reductions have negative impacts on acceptability. Regardless of the type of information provided, on the other hand, the social acceptance of a carbon tax is increased after the provision of information. Furthermore, the impact of information provision on the social acceptance interacts with the revenue use impacts. When the revenue use and the type of information are consistent with the aim of the policy, the effects of these strategies can be amplified.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2010

The impacts of climate change on yield and evapotranspiration of rice have been modeled using AquaCrop model developed by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Climate change scenario downscaled by Mesoscale Model 5 (MM5) regional model from ECHO-G General Circulation Model (GCM) outputs by Korea Meteorological Research Institute (METRI) was used in this study. Monthly average climate data for baseline (1971-2000) and three time periods (2020s, 2050s and 2080s) were used as inputs to the AquaCrop model. The results showed that the evapotranspiration after transplanting was projected to increase by 4 % (2020s), 8 % (2050s) and 14 % (2080s), respectively, from the baseline value of 464 mm. The potential rice yield was 6.4 t/ha and water productivity was 1.4 kg/$m^3$ for the baseline. The potential rice yield was projected to increase by 23 % (2020s), 55 % (2050s), and 98 % (2080s), respectively, by the increased photosynthesis along with the $CO_2$ concentration increases. The water productivity was projected to increase by 19 % (2020s), 44 % (2050s), and 75 % (2080s), respectively.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2018

Transportation and storage technologies, which are key drivers for trade, has increased global trade of agricultural products about 165% from 1995 to 2015. Korea imports 76.2% of grain from major food exporters such as USA, Australia, Brazil, and China. The expected long shipping distances from these countries can seriously cause environmental impacts on various environmental categories such as climate change, particulate matter, and acidification. The goal of this study is to assess the environmental implications focused on greenhouse gases (GHGs) and particulate matters (PMs) emissions of imported grains (wheat, corn, and bean) using food miles analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA). The environmental impacts of imported crops are estimated by transportation modes using the national LCI database provided by Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI). The results of this study are as follows; (1) Imported wheat comes from USA (29%), AUS (27%), and URK (20%), corn is imported from USA (34%), BRA (29%), and URK (16%), and bean comes from BRA (57%), USA (40%), and CHN (2%); (2) the food miles of imported crops (wheat, corn, and bean) are 3.62E+10, 1.30E+11, and $2.20E+10ton{\cdot}km$, respectively; (3) the potential GHGs and PMs of wheat, corn, and bean are 5.02E+08, 1.67E+09, and 2.84E+08 kg $CO_2e$ and 5.89E+05, 1.83E+06, 3.07E+05 kg $PM_{10}e$, respectively. The outputs of this study could provide environmental impacts and carrying distances of imported agricultural products for preparing a plan to reduce environmental impacts.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2011

Climate change has impacts on not only the average temperature rise but also the intensity and frequency of extreme events such as flood and drought. It is also expected that the damages on agricultural infrastructure will be increased resulting from increased rainfall intensity and frequency caused by climate change. To strengthen the climate change adaptation capacity, it is necessary to identify the vulnerability of a given society's physical infrastructures and to develop appropriate adaptation strategies with infrastructure management because generally facilities related to human settlements are vulnerable to climate changes and establishing an adaptive public infrastructure would reduce the damages and the repair cost. Therefore, development of mitigation strategies for agricultural infrastructure against climatic hazard is very important, but there are few studies on agricultural infrastructure vulnerability assessment and adaptation strategies. The concept of vulnerability, however, is difficult to functionally define due to the fact that vulnerability itself includes many aspects (biological, socioeconomic, etc.) in various sectors. As such, much research on vulnerability has used indicators which are useful for standardization and aggregation. In this study, for the vulnerability assessment for agricultural infrastructure, 3 categories of climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation capacity were defined which are composed of 16 sub-categories and 49 proxy variables. Database for each proxy variables was established based on local administrative province. Future studies are required to define the weighting factor and standardization method to calculate the vulnerability indicator for agricultural infrastructure against climate change.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.769-779
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• 2019

Chilli peppers are predominantly cultivated in open field systems under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Abiotic and biotic factors have a considerable effect on plant performance, fruit quantity, and quality. Chilli peppers grow well in a tropical climate due to their adaptation to warm and humid regions with temperatures ranging from 18 to 30℃. Nowadays, chilli peppers are cultivated all around the world under different climatic conditions, and their production is gradually expanding. Expected climate changes will likely cause huge and complex ecological consequences; high temperature, heavy rainfall, and drought have adverse effects on the vegetative and generative development of all agricultural crops including chilli peppers. To gain better insight into the effect of climate change, the growth, photosynthetic traits, morphological and physiological characteristics, yield, and fruit parameters of chilli peppers need to be studied under simulated climate change conditions. Moreover, it is important to develop alternative agrotechnologies to maintain the sustainability of pepper production. There are many conceivable ideas and concepts to sustain crop production under the extreme conditions of future climate change scenarios. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the adverse impacts of climate change and discusses how to find the best solutions to obtain a stable chilli pepper yield.

• 기술사
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2012

The European Alps face a number of major threats - from habitat loss to pollution, from mass tourism to the impacts of climate change. The European alpine climate has changed significantly during the past century, with temperatures increasing more than twice the global average. This makes alpine mountains especially vulnerable to changes in the hydrological cycle and decreases in snow and glacier cover, which are already occurring. In winter, artificial snow-making is currently the most widespread strategy to extend and supplement natural snow cover and secure winter tourism. Artificial snow-making is not only very costly, but also has knock-on effects such as increased water consumption and energy demand or ecological damage, which may lead to negative externalities. The European Alps facing the challenge of changing climate and anthropogenic pressures.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2008

To investigate the hydrologic impacts of climate changes on dam inflow for Soyanggangdam watershed $(2694.4km^2)$ of northeastern South Korea, SLURP (Semi-distributed Land Use-based Runoff Process) model and the climate change results of CCCma CGCM2 based on SRES A2 and B2 were adopted. By the CA-Markov technique, future land use changes were estimated using the three land cover maps (1985, 1990, 2000) classified by Landsat TM satellite images. NDVI values for 2050 and 2100 land uses were estimated from the relationship of NDVI-Temperature linear regression derived from the observed data (1998-2002). Before the assessment, the SLURP model was calibrated and verified using 4 years (1998-2001) dam inflow data with the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies of 0.61 to 0.77. In case of A2 scenario, the dam inflows of 2050 and 2100 decreased 49.7 % and 25.0 % comparing with the dam inflow of 2000, and in case of B2 scenario, the dam inflows of 2050 and 2100 decreased 45.3 % and 53.0 %, respectively. The results showed that the impact of land use change covered 2.3 % to 4.9 % for the dam inflow change.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.38-56
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• 2019

기후변화의 지역적 광역성과 장기성으로 기후변화 문제는 일개 국가의 노력만으로는 해결할 수 없는 전지구적 난제로 자리 잡고 있다. 따라서 수직적으로 전세계(global), 지역(regional), 국가(national), 지방(local) 수준의 수직적 거버넌스가 중요하다. 또한 각 수준에서 정부, 기업, 민간의 수평적 거버넌스가 조화롭게 작동할 때 복잡한 기후변화문제에 대한 해결 실마리를 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 1990년부터 2018년까지 29년간 일간신문에서 기후변화라는 주제어를 가진 약 24,000건의 기사에 나타난 기후변화에 대한 수직적·수평적 거버넌스와 이슈트렌드 등을 분석하였다. 분석결과 우리나라에서는 수직적 측면에서 글로벌 기후변화 이슈를 중앙정부는 적극적으로 참여하고 있으나, 동북아와 같은 지역적 논의는 거의 없었다. 수평적 측면에서는 정부 중심의 논의가 주류를 이루고 있고 민간 시민단체의 참여나 기업의 참여는 부족하였다. 향후 기후변화에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서는 수직적 측면에서는 지역적 협력에 대한 논의와 함께 기후변화가 직접적으로 행동에 옮겨질 수 있는 지방수준에서 실질적인 논의가 활발히 이루어져야 한다. 또한 수평적인 측면에서는 개발시대의 관주도적 태도에서 벗어나 시장메커니즘을 적극적으로 활용할 수 있는 방안과 시민사회의 참여를 유도할 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 한다. 이를 위해 기후변화대응 기본법 등의 제정을 통한 제도적 정비를 제안하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2019

As the impacts of climate change have been emerged all the way through society, the potential risks specifically on agricultural water and facilities are recently getting concerned. Evaluating vulnerability of agriculture to climate change on is a time-tested strategy. While a number of researches on the adaption and mitigation of climate change were performed in various aspects for sustainable agricultural production, the vulnerability of management system for agricultural water and infrastructure has not been investigated yet. This study is aimed to clarify the definition of vulnerability to climate change, find the major indicators able to presume the vulnerability, and finally determine the relative importance of the indicators based on the specialist questionnaire survey and its analyses. The lists of indicators for major parts of agricultural water management such as, water use, flood control, reservoir related issues, and pumping and drainage systems are initialized referring to the related precedent studies. The primary survey was conducted in the form of Delphi to complement the list and methods and the main survey was then conducted using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique to quantitatively prioritize the indicators. The results derived in this study would be directly adopted in weighting importance of indicators to investigate the indicator-based vulnerability analysis to climate change in agricultural water and infrastructure management.