• 품질경영학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.72-85
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• 2002

Advances in computer and sensor technology have made it possible to obtain superlarge manufacturing process data in real time, letting us extract meaningful information from these superlarge data sets. We propose a systematic data analysis procedure which field engineers can apply easily to manufacture quality products. The procedure consists of data cleaning and data analysis stages. Data cleaning stage is to construct a database suitable for statistical analysis from the original superlarge manufacturing process data. In the data analysis stage, we suggest a graphical easy-to-implement approach to extract practical information from the cleaned database. This study will help manufacturing companies to achieve six sigma quality.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.341-351
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• 2017

This study evaluates a cleaning method to maintain and minimize the change of blood soil for the selective removal of stains from textiles with historical significance and special meaning. Cotton and silk fabrics were soiled with blood, aged artificially and then washed by wet cleaning or dry cleaning (water, nonionic surfactant; Triton, natural surfactant; saponin, organic solvent; n-Decane). The washed fabrics were stored at room temperature for four years. The change of the blood soil was evaluated by SEM, weight, thickness, and color differences. Subsequently, the shape and the amount of blood adsorption on the fabric varied depending on fiber type and fabric structure characteristics; in addition, long term storage affected changes to blood soil. It was difficult to remove artificially aged blood soil from fabrics by wet or dry cleaning. However, the changes of the blood soil by these cleanings can be explained by the changes on SEM, weight, thickness and fabric color. The changes (especially color) showed over time. Wet cleaning showed that the changes of those factors were slightly lower than those by dry cleaning.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2014

클라우드 환경에서 비즈니스 인텔리전스를 위한 DW(Data Warehouse)는 기업 내에 데이터를 의사결정, 기업 정책을 결정하는데 사용하고 있다. 그러나 클라우드 환경에서 새로운 시스템이 추가되면 데이터 통합 측면에서 시스템간의 여러 가지 이질적인 특성으로 인해 많은 비용과 시간이 필요로 하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 클라우드 환경에서 비즈니스 인텔리전스를 위한 데이터 정제 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 XMDR-DAI를 이용하여 분산된 시스템을 통합할 때 로컬 시스템의 영향을 최소화하고, DW의 정보를 실시간으로 생성하기 위해 데이터 통합을 위한 표준화된 정보를 제공한다. 또한 기존 시스템의 변경 없이 데이터를 통합하여 비용과 시간을 절감하고, 실시간 데이터 추출 및 정제 작업을 통한 일관성 있는 실시간 정보를 생성하여 정보의 품질의 향상시킬 수 있도록 한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2005

In order to recycle the waste material and to develop the thickening unit of waste activated sludge from wastewater treatment facilities, the filtration bio-reactor equipped with a shadow mask filter module was employed for this work from which the operating properties and parameters were drawn. The sludge thickening and filtration unit is made of cylindrical acryl tank(12cm i.d. ${\times}$ 58cm height: working volume of 6L), where the flat-sheet type of shadow mask filter module(pore size: 220~250um, opening area: 34.8~39.6%) was installed and the effluent was withdrawn from the effluent port at the lowest point of the reactor, and the filtration was performed only by the hydraulic pressure. For evaluating the operating performance of this reactor, some parameters such as the solid-liquid separation of different biomass concentrations, the water quality of filtrate, the aeration cleaning time and the cleaning effect were investigated. Depending on the MLSS concentrations, the different time to withdraw 3L of filtrate was required in which the longer filtration time was necessary for the higher MLSS concentrations caused by the thicker formation of cake layer: 40 minutes for 5,000 mg/L, 70 minutes for 10,000 mg/L and 100 minutes for 15,000 mg/L, where the concentrations of SS were 8.9, 6.7 and 6.5 mg/L, respectively. Under the same operating conditions (the intensity of aeration cleaning: 80 L/min, MLSS: 10,000 mg/L), the proper aeration cleaning time was revealed 30 seconds, and the stable formation of cake layer was in the range of 10 to 15 minutes. Therefore, the shadow mask considered as a waste material can be of use as a filter material for the sludge thickening system.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.99.2-99.2
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• 2010

This paper investigates the dependence of a-Si:H/c-Si passivation and heterojunction solar cell performances on various cleaning processes of silicon wafer and surface morphology. It is observed that passivation quality of a-Si:H thin-films on c-Si wafer highly depends on wafer surface conditions. The MCLT(Minority carrier life time) of wafer incorporating intrinsic (i) a-Si:H as a passivation layer shows sensitive variation with cleaning process and surface morpholgy. By applying improved cleaning processes and surface morphology we can obtain the MCLT of $200{\mu}sec$ after H-termination and above 1.5msec after i a-Si:H thin film deposition, which has implied open circuit voltage of 0.720V.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.981-987
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• 2011

Biologically treated water contains a large quantity of organic matters and microorganisms which can cause various problems to membrane. The membrane fouling occurred by these reasons is hard to control by single physical cleaning. This study analyzes the efficiency of aeration with chemical backwashing and foulants removal during chemical backwashing. The cleaning efficiency improves when the chemical concentration is high and the contact time of chemical is long. Chemical backwashing with aeration shows exceptional cleaning efficiency which leads the physical cleaning is required during chemical backwashing since it forms flow inside the membrane submerged tank. From the foulants removal analysis, the particles such as turbidity and TOC removal rate increase when the aeration is applied. Dissolved matter of DOC and UV254 removal is dependent on higher chemical concentration. According to FTIR analysis, one of major foulants, the polysaccharide is controlled by the chemical backwashing with aeration condition.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2023

This paper describes a hybrid cleaning method of silicon wafer combining nano-bubble and ultrasound to remove sub-micron particles and contaminants with minimal damage to the wafer surface. In the megasonic cleaning process of semiconductor manufacturing, the cavitation induced by ultrasound can oscillate and collapse violently often with re-entrant jet formation leading to surface damage. The smaller size of cavitation bubbles leads to more stable oscillations with more thermal and viscous damping, thus to less erosive surface cleaning. In this study, ultrasonic energy was applied to the wafer surface in the DI water to excite nano-bubbles at resonance to remove contaminant particles from the surface. A patented nano-bubble generator was developed for the generation of nano-bubbles with concentration of 1×10⁹ bubbles/ml and nominal nano-bubble diameter of 150 nm. Ultrasonic nano-bubble technology improved a contaminant removal efficiency more than 97% for artificial nano-sized particles of alumina and Latex with significant reduction in cleaning time without damage to the wafer surface.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.317-324
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• 1999

This study was conducted to decide several design criterion for clean-washed rice processing system development. A Computer simulation was used to predict and analyze the mass balances and moisture changes of the process of clean-washed rice processing system. The following results were obtained from this study. 1. In order to attain the processing capacity of 1,000kg/h of the clean-washed rice processing system, that of the system was designed as 1,400kg/h which was based on the safety factor of 40% and handling capability of mass variations occurred during processing. 2. It was analyzed that the proper time required for aqueous cleaning process should be within one minute. 2. It was analyzed that the proper time required for aqueous cleaning process should be within one minute. 3. The final moisture content of clean-washed rice was controlled being 15%(w.b.) for the sake of safe storage. 4. It was proven that the optimum drying time was three minutes for the clean-washed rice dried by a rotary dryer.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2002

본 논문은 RTOS를 이용하여 정수장의 염소투입을 실시간으로 제어할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 기존 정수장의 염소투입방식은 유량방법을 이용하여 제어하였으며 계절이나 시간 또는 물의 사용량과 같은 외부환경에 대한 적절한 제어가 불가능 하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 유량방법과 잔류염소방식의 2가지 방법으로 시스템을 설계하고, RTOS의 각 태스크는 외부 환경 변화를 실시간으로 체크하여 염소농도 조절에 이용되는 연산의 보정값을 조절할 수 있도록 프로그램 하였다. 제안한 시스템을 2곳의 정수장에 설치하고 설정을 1.2ppm으로 하여 실험한 결과 1.21ppm의 평균값을 유지하였으며 최대, 최소의 편차 또한 0.3ppm으로 기존 정수장보다 우수한 성능을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.682-691
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• 2020

Careful cleaning and disinfection of pigpens is essential to prevent disease spread and avoid the resultant economic losses. Hygiene in pigpens is generally evaluated by visual monitoring supplemented with bacteriological monitoring, which includes counting the total aerobic bacteria (TAB) and/or fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). However, these methods present drawbacks such as time and labor requirements. As adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is ubiquitous in all living organisms including microorganisms, this study aimed to directly compare the results of microbial assessment and ATP quantification, and to suggest possible detailed application methods of the ATP test for hygiene evaluation in pigpens of a farrowing unit. Before and after standard cleaning procedures, samples were collected from the floor corner, floor center, and feeding trough of four pigpens at different time points. No FIB were detected and both the TAB and ATP levels were significantly decreased in the floor center area after cleaning. FIB were continuously detected after cleaning and disinfection of the floor corners, and there was no significant ATP level reduction. The feeding trough did not show any significant difference in these values before and after cleaning, indicating insufficient cleaning of this area. The levels of TAB and ATP after cleaning were significantly correlated and the average ATP value was significantly lower in the absence of FIB than in their presence. In the absence of standard references, a more thorough hygiene management could be achieved evenly by supplementing cleaning or disinfection based on the lowest ATP results obtained at the cleanest test site, which in the present study was the floor center. Overall, these results indicate that the on-farm ATP test can be used to determine the cleanliness status, in addition to visual inspection, as an alternative to laboratory culture-based testing for the presence of microorganisms.