• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.457-465
• /
• 2009

Subway system including light-rail transit system is the representative public urban transportation. Accordingly, Nothing is more important than the safety operation as well as passengers' convenience. Due to the fire disaster of Daegu subway on 2003, more strict regulations of detecting fire and of conducting on emergency circumstances. However, regardless of this improved management, it was reported that installations of lots of fire-detection facilities may be harm than good to operate subway system due to frequent malfunction of some fire-detection facilities. It may cause mis-alarm for fire and induces abnormal operation of subway due to the strict regulation; the train shall be stopped on emergency circumstances. Therefore, in this paper, new scheme on surveiling breaking-out-of fire in the station is suggested with new IT technologies, Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) and CCTVs. which were integrated with an intelligent software. This intelligent system enables to surveil breaking-out-of fire in real time through sensor network technology and watch the emergency site on CCTV as well. Through this system, subway organizers could cope with the emergency circumstance rapidly as well as judge precisely whether fire breaks out or not.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was to verify the effectiveness of group program for promoting empowerment and self-advocacy of the the mentally disabled persons' families. Methods: This program was set up for the mentally disabled persons' families to share their experiences, do consciousness raising, advocate themselves through group process. A pre-post control group design was used for this study. Results: The results of this study verified that group program was effective to promote empowerment and self advocacy of the mentally disabled persons' families. Also group program helped to express and ventilate family burden actively. Conclusion: This study suggests as follows. In the mental health social work practice we need to develop group programs for family to talk about themselves, to ventilate their emotions, to understand their circumstances and to initiative the change of mental health circumstances as well as education and coping skills about mental illness. For this, there is a need for mental health social worker to have a macroscopic viewpoint and work with family. Also there is a need for mental health social worker to promote family self-help groups and to support their construction and growth.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 2007

A reference to natural prolongation appeared for the first time in the North Sea Judgement. Although it was not suggested that the concept of natural prolongation would automatically allow for the fixing of a continental shelf boundary, that concept encouraged States to request international tribunals to determine continental shelf boundaries on the basis of the geological and geomorphological features of the seabed. In the Libya v. Malta Case, however, the rejection of geological and geomorphological factors was total. Especially, Natural prolongation was the then checkmated as a relevant fact in delimitation between coasts situated less than 400 nm. apart. There can be no doubt that, in several disputed cases, prominent geomorphological variations are simply ignored ; nevertheless, there are also a few agreements where geological and geomorphological characteristics come into play and, to a certain extent, affect maritime boundaries. Physical characteristics of sea-bed are generally given serious consideration in the boundary delimitation such as the final negotiated boundary of the Australia-Indonesia Continental Shelf boundary Agreement(Timor and Arafura seas) which follows the continental slope bordering the Timor Trench.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.319-357
• /
• 2017

2020년 이후 국제사회의 기후변화 대응을 규정하는 파리협정의 핵심은 각 국가가 제출한 INDC이다. 본 연구는 주요 선진 개도국(EU, 미국, 일본, 중국, 인도)과 우리나라의 INDC를 개관하고, 각국의 감축공약 설정에 영향을 주고 있는 해당 국가의 산업구조 현황, 연료별 발전 현황, 부문별 온실가스 배출현황을 중심으로 각 국가여건을 분석한다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 향후 기후변화 협상에서 우리나라의 대응 전략을 다음과 같이 제시한다. 첫째, 우리나라는 선진국의 INDC 관련 정보 목록의 확대 요구에 보조를 맞추며, 둘째, 국제사회의 동의를 얻어낼 수 있는 우리나라에 유리한 특수한 차별화 요소를 발굴하고, 셋째, INDC의 주기적 갱신에 대비한 범정부적 기구를 만들어야 한다.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.139-152
• /
• 2002

This study was performed to estimate living cost for the elderly couple living in a city in Korea. Living cost means expenditure per month for elderly couple. It was assumed that the elderly couple will need different living cost according to their circumstances. The circumstances are health status, retirement status, and the level of living they want. The subjects were the elderly couple households over the age 65 of household head. Total number of subject was 1,649 households. Used data was Annual Report surveyed by National Statistical Office on the Family Income and Expenditure. Analysis of data was done through frequency, percentage, means, median using SAS Program. The results of this study were as follows: Their standard living cost was 844,980 won by pure relative standard line and 842,300 won by quasi relative standard lines. And minimum living cost was 713,400 won by the former, by the latter was 557,600 won (3/2 of median). And abundant Living cost was 1,068,020 won by the former, by the latter 1,263,450 won. The living cost of elderly households was about 81-83%, comparing with non-elderly households. Among the item of expenditure, the proportion of housing and medical care cost was larger than any other items.

• 정보통신설비학회논문지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.46-58
• /
• 2003

인간이 원하는 감성에 따라 환경 요소값이 변하고 이로 인해 변하는 현재 환경 안에서 인간이 자신의 최적의 쾌적감을 느끼도록 하는 것이 바로 감성공학을 응용한 제품 개발의 주목적이라고 할 수 있다. 이를 위해서는 제품 개발 이전에 인간 감성에 대한 평가와 분석 과정이 선행되어져야 한다. 본 논문은 쾌적감성과 감각의 구조를 분석한 연구결과에 대하여 신경망이론을 적용하여, 수학적으로 표현하기 어려운 인간의 쾌적감성과 감각의 관계성을 학습시킨다. 또한, 가변적 실내 환경에서 인간의 감성 요구치에 대해 환경을 변화시킴으로써 인간이 스스로 원하는 최적의 쾌적감을 느낄 수 있는 실내 환경을 모의로 구현해 볼 수 있는 시뮬레이터을 제시한다.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2000

In many studies, considerable attention has been focussed upon choosing a model which represents underlying process of time series and forecasting the future. In the real world, however, there may be some cases that one model can not reflect all the characteristics of original time series. Under such circumstances, we may get better performance by combining the forecasts from several models. The most popular methods for combining forecasts involve taking a weighted average of multiple forecasts. But the weights are usually unstable. In cases the assumptions of normality and unbiasedness for forecast errors are satisfied, a Bayesian method can be used for updating the weights. In the real world, however, there are many circumstances the Bayesian method is not appropriate. This paper proposes a PNN(Probabilistic Neural Net) approach as a method for combining forecasts that can be applied when the assumption of normality or unbiasedness for forecast errors is not satisfied. In this paper, PNN method, which is similar to Bayesian approach, is suggested as an updating method of the unstable weights in the combination of the forecasts. The PNN method has been usually used in the field of pattern recognition. Unlike the Bayesian approach, it requires no assumption of a specific prior distribution because it gets probabilities by using the distribution estimated from given data. Empirical results reveal that the PNN method offers superior predictive capabilities.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.357-369
• /
• 2006

All over the country tries to clarify the content of 'Public Policy' in recognition and implementation of Foreign Arbitral Awards : it makes comments of the international consensus of Geneva Convention(1927), New York Convention(1958) and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Public Policy, and it takes a general view of domestic laws how they deal with Public policy and Foreign Arbitral Awards. Foreign Arbitral Awards should be appropriately respected and implementation by the courts of countries encourage parties in a legal procedure to refuse enforcement by invoking "Public Policy." In order to cope with such invocations, the purport of the above recommendation on Foreign Arbitral Awards should be internationally recognized and the exceptional circumstances should be restricted unless the International Court of Arbitral Awards is not established a Dr. Holtzmann/Schwebel brought forward. In this paper suggests the list of the exceptional circumstances. Korean Arbitration Law stipulates as the Civil proceeding Law did, "good morals and the social order of the Republic of Korea" as a ground for refusing enforcement of Arbitral Awards. Studies on counteraction against invocations of Public Policy to refuse enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards should be developed.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.141-152
• /
• 2013

대표적인 방송통신융합서비스인 IPTV(인터넷프로토콜텔레비전)가 새로운 신 성장 동력으로 부각 된지 몇 해가 되고 있다. 우리나라 방송통신 인프라는 세계적 경쟁력을 가지고 있으나 최근 몇 년간 방송통신 융합에 대한 시의 적절한 정책적 뒷받침이 이루어지지 않아 해외 주요 경쟁국보다 상용서비스가 늦은 상황이다. 또한 스마트 폰의 등장과 함께 본격화 된 스마트 환경 속에서 스마트TV등의 등장에 따라 IPTV의 신장세가 주춤하고 있는 상황이다. 본 연구는 이러한 스마트 환경 속에서 IPTV가 어떻게 조화하며 돌파구를 찾아 나 갈수 있겠는가? 그리고 이를 위하여 정부나 산업계에 필요한 IPTV 정책의 개선책이 무엇인가 등에 대해 대안을 제시해 보고자 한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제14권24호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 1991

This study deals with the experiment of perceiving visual information according to the positions of vehicle side mirrors. In the design of vehicle, the consideration of safety is very important. Therefore we consider the positions of side mirrors to use visual information effectively which is important factor to driver. This paper presents the position of side mirror to elevate the degree of visual perception for the circumstances of danger by experiments. To exhibit the circumstances of danger. 4 LED(Light Emitted Diode) art located at each side(right. left front. hack) of vehicle. A subject pushes the LED switch to see that if he perceives the circumstance of danger. To record the circumstance of randomly generated danger, computer interface card is used to control 4 LED and swithch on IBM PC/AT Experiments are divided into 2 parts. The 1st experiment present the independence of right & left side mirror. The 2nd experiment present optimal position of right & left side mirror. The vehicle used in experiment is model EL of H Co.. Statistical process of experimental data using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences)/PC package concludes that 1) the optimal position of right side mirror is 54cm forward of exist position. 2) for the left side mirror, the position of 120cm forward of exist position shows the worst degree of perception. and the optimal position does not exist in statistical meaning.