• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2018

Fly ash can significantly improve concrete workability and performance, and recycling fly ash in concrete can contribute to a cleaner environment. Since fly ash influences pozzolanic reactions in concrete, mechanical behaviors of concrete containing fly ash differ from traditional concrete. Creep behaviors of fly ash concrete filled steel tube arch were experimentally investigated for 10% and 30% fly ash replacement. The axes of two arches are designed as circular arc with 2.1 m computed span, 0.24 m arch rise, and their cross-sections are all in circular section. Time dependent deflection and strain of loading and mid-span steel tube were measured, and long term deflection of the model arch with 10% fly ash replacement was significantly larger than with 30% replacement. Considering the steel tube strain, compressive zone height, cross section curvature, and internal force borne by the steel tube, the compressive zone height and structural internal forces increased gradually over time due to concrete creep. Increased fly ash content resulted in more significant neutral axis shift. Mechanisms for internal force effects on neutral axis height were analyzed and verified experimentally.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호통권38호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1999

공장설비구조물, 트러스, 해양구조물 등에 사용되는 원형강관 분기이음이 많이 사용되고 있다. 강관구조물은 폐단면으로 되어 있기 때문에 개단면인 H, L-형강에 비하여 역학적으로 유리하다. 격점부에서 주요한 문제는 압축을 받는 지관이 압축력에 의하여 부재가 좌굴하기 이전에 강관 분기이음부에서 국부좌굴에 의한 구조체 전체가 불안정하게 된다. 일반적으로 상기와 같은 격점부의 응력분포 및 변형성상이 복잡하여 해석적으로 정밀 해를 구하기가 어렵기 때문에 실험에 기초한 단순한 해석법을 통하여 접합부의 항복내력에 관한 실용식을 제안할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 X형 강관 격점부에 관하여 주관의 직경비(d/D) 및 주관경과 두께비(D/T)을 주 변수로 하여 내력 및 변형성상에 관하여 실험을 진행하고 단순한 해석법인 링해석법을 통하여 항복하중에 관한 예측식을 제안하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.725-734
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• 2012

모듈화된 급속시공 교량 구조물의 하부구조 형식으로 충전 원형강관을 이용한 교각 구조물을 제안하였다. 다수의 충전강관을 연결하여 표준화된 제품으로 생산하여 운반 조립할 수 있는 구조 상세와 연결 상세를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조상세와 연결상세를 반영한 모듈러 교각의 정적실험을 강축과 약축에 대해서 횡변위 조건으로 수행하였다. 단일 기둥으로 설계한 것에 비하여 모듈러 CFT 교각 시스템이 브레이싱으로 연결된 편심효과로 인해 5.23배 높은 휨강성을 나타내었고 휨강도도 6배 이상 증가하였다. 합리적인 설계를 위해서는 모듈러 CFT 교각을 프레임으로 모델링하여 응력 및 처짐 검토를 수행하는 것이 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 교각을 구성하는 기둥간의 간격 조정을 통해서 필요한 내하력을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 판단되고 설계를 위한 고려사항을 제안하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.617-631
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• 2020

Wake-induced aerodynamics of yawed circular cylinders with smooth and grooved surfaces in a tandem arrangement was studied. This pair of cylinders represent sections of stay-cables with smooth surfaces and high-voltage power conductors with grooved surfaces that are vulnerable to flow-induced structural failure. The study provides some insight for a better understanding of wake-induced loads and galloping problem of bundled cables. All experiments in this study were conducted using a pair of stationary section models of circular cylinders in a wind tunnel subjected to uniform and smooth flow. The aerodynamic force coefficients and vortex-shedding frequency of the downstream model were extracted from the surface pressure distribution. For measurement, polished aluminum tubes were used as smooth cables; and hollow tubes with a helically grooved surface were used as power conductors. The aerodynamic properties of the downstream model were captured at wind speeds of about 6-23 m/s (Reynolds number of 5×10⁴ to 2.67×10⁵ for smooth cable and 2×10⁴ to 1.01×10⁵ for grooved cable) and yaw angles ranging from 0° to 45° while the upstream model was fixed at the various spacing between the two model cylinders. The results showed that the Strouhal number of yawed cable is less than the non-yawed case at a given Reynolds number, and its value is smaller than the Strouhal number of a single cable. Additionally, compared to the single smooth cable, it was observed that there was a reduction of drag coefficient of the downstream model, but no change in a drag coefficient of the downstream grooved case in the range of Reynolds number in this study.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호통권72호
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• pp.529-541
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• 2004

콘크리트 충전 강관에 대한 기존의 연구는 단일 압축상태, 휨모멘트 상태, 편심 압축력 상태의 연구만이 행해 졌을 뿐 압축력과 비틀림이 조합된 응력 상태에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 압축력과 비틀림을 받는 원형 CFT 부재의 거동에 대한 특성을 살펴보고 합리적인 해석법을 연구하였다. 원형 CFT부재가 압축력과 비틀림을 받을 경우의 압축 강도와 비틀림 강도를 결정하는데 중요 요소인 구속효과와 부착 응력에 의한 스파이럴 효과를 본 모델에 고려하였다. 이를 위하여 단일 압축응력을 받을 경우 원형 강관에 의해 구속된 콘크리트 코어에 대한 연구가 선행되었다. 또한 비틀림을 받을 경우는 비틀림에 의한 크랙이 콘크리트의 표면을 따라 발생하게 된다. 크랙 발생이후 비틀림을 계속 받게 되면 크랙은 나선형태로 진전되어 콘크리트가 솟아 나오려 하나 강관과 콘크리트 사이의 부착 응력에 의해 억제 되게 된다. 이러한 이유 때문에 코어 콘크리트는 압축응력을 받게 되고 강관만 인장응력을 받게 되는데 이러한 영향 효과를 실제적으로 고려하였다. 연구 결과는 기존의 실험결과와 비교하였으며 제안된 이론은 압축력과 비틀림을 받는 원형 CFT부재의 실제 거동을 합리적으로 설명하고 있다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 탄소섬유관으로 구속된 무근 콘크리트 원형 및 각형 기둥에 대한 축하중 및 횡하중 재하 실험을 수행하고, 실험결과를 바탕으로 하여 몬테카를로 해석을 이용한 신뢰성 해석을 수행함으로써 탄소섬유관으로 구속된 무근 콘크리트 원형 및 각형 기둥과 탄소섬유관으로 구속된 철근 콘크리트 원형 및 각형 기둥의 두 가지 경우에 대한 강도저감계수를 예측하였다. 해석 결과, 무근의 경우에는 강도저감계수가 0.7로 예측되었고, 철근이 삽입된 경우에는 강도저감계수가 0.85로 예측 되었다. 이러한 계수값은 원형과 각형인 경우 모두 같은 계수값을 보여주었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.833-852
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• 2015

Self-compacting Concrete Filled steel Tubes (SCFT), which combines the advantages of steel and concrete materials, can be applied to strengthen the RC columns. In order to investigate the eccentric loading behavior of the strengthened columns, this paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation on them. The experimental results showed that the use of SCFT is interesting since the ductility and the bearing capacity of the RC columns are greatly improved. And the performance of strengthened columns is significantly affected by four parameters: column section type (circular and square), wall thickness of the steel tube, designed strength grade of strengthening concrete and initial eccentricity. In the numerical program, a generic fiber element model which takes in account the effect of confinement is developed to predict the behavior of the strengthened columns subjected to eccentric loading. After the fiber element analysis was verified against experimental results, a simple design formula based on the model is proposed to calculate the ultimate eccentric strength. Calibration of the calculated results against the test results shows that the design formula closely estimates the ultimate capacities of the eccentrically compressed strengthened columns by 5%.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2006

The characteristics about the pressure drop in microtubes have been investigated. The test tubes are the circular, seamless, stainless steel tubes with an inner diameter of 0.244, 0.430, and 0.792 mm, respectively. R-l34a was used as a test fluid. Early flow transition which has been reported in some previous studies is not found in single-phase flow pressure drop tests. The conventional theory between friction factor and Reynolds number predicted the experimental friction factors within an absolute average deviation of $8.9\%$. The two-phase flow pressure drop increases for higher quality and mass flux, and for reduced inner diameter. The existing correlations fail to predict the experimental data. A new correlation to predict the two-phase flow pressure drop is developed in the form of the Lockhart-Martinelli correlation. The effects of the tube diameter and the surface tension were considered, and the correlation predicted the experimental data within an average absolute deviation of $8.1\%$.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.97-114
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• 2014

This paper deals with a study on ultimate strength behaviour of eccentrically loaded CFT columns with and without shear connectors. Thirty specimens are subjected to experimental investigation under eccentric loading condition. P-M curves are generated for all the test specimens and critical eccentricities are evaluated. Three different D/t ratios such as 21, 25 and 29 and L/D ratios varying from 5 to 20 are considered as experimental parameters. Six specimens of bare steel tubes as reference specimens, twelve specimens of CFT columns without shear connectors and twelve specimens of CFT columns with shear connectors, in total thirty specimens are tested. The P-M values at the ultimate failure load of experimental study are found to be well agreed with the results of the proposed P-M interaction model. The load-deflection and load-strain behaviour of the experimental column specimens are presented. The behaviour of the CFT columns with and without shear connectors is compared. Experimental results indicate that the percentage increase in load carrying capacity of CFT columns with shear connectors compared to the ordinary CFT columns is found to be insignificant with a value ranging from 6% to 13%. However, the ductility factor of columns with shear connectors exhibit higher values than that of the CFT columns without shear connectors. This paper presents the proposed P-M interaction model and experimental results under varying parameters such as D/t and L/D ratios.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.307-324
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• 2011

With the increasing use of concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) as structural members, there is a growing need to provide suitable measures for possible strengthening or repair of these kinds of structural elements. Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing is a recent method and is particularly attractive in which it does not significantly increase the section size, and is relatively easy to install. Thus, it can be used to enhance strength and/or ductility of CFST members. Very little information is available on the performance of FRP-strengthened CFST members under fire conditions. This paper is an attempt to study the fire performance of CFST columns strengthened by FRP. The results of fire endurance tests on FRP-strengthened circular CFST columns are presented. Failure modes of the specimens after exposure to fire, temperatures in the cross section, axial deformation and fire resistance of the composite columns are analysed. It is demonstrated that the required fire endurance can be achieved if the strengthened composite columns are appropriately designed.