• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1711-1727
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• 2001

Heat transfer coefficient were measured and new correlations were developed for two-phase heat transfer in a horizontal pipe for different patterns. Flow patterns were observed in a transparent circular pipe (2.54 cm I. D. and L/D=96) using an air/water mixture. Visual identification of the flow patterns was supplemented with photographic data and the results were plotted on the flow regime map proposed by Taitel and Dukler and agreed quite well with each other. A two-phase heat transfer experimental setup was built for this study and a total of 150 two-phase heat transfer data with different flow patterns were obtained under a uniform wall heat flux boundary condition. For these data, the superficial Reynolds number ranged from 640 to 35,500 for the liquid and from 540 to 21,200 for the gas. Our previously developed robust two-phase heat transfer correlation for a vertical pipe with modified constants predicted the horizontal pipe air-water heat transfer experimental data with good accuracy. Overall the proposed correlations predicted the data with a mean deviation of 1.0% and an rms deviation of 12%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.2 s.45
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• pp.143-150
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• 2000

Depending upon the combination of tolerances specified in the standards on bolt, nut and washer for high tension bolt sets, there arises center-to-center deviation between bolt and washer. This deviation nay cause loss of effective contact area between nut- and washer-faces, which leads to some dispersion of the torque coefficient K. By adapting circular arc surface instead of flat surface for the nut, it is shown through numerical analyses that the dispersion of the torque coefficient can be minimized. In this way, optimum radius of curvature of the nut bearing surface is proposed.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1329-1337
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• 2005

The OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) display recently used for the information indicating device has many advantages over the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), and its demand will be increased highly. The linear cell should be designed carefully considering the uniformity of thin film on the substrate. Its design needs to compute the temperature field analytically because the uniformity for the thin film thickness depends on the temperature distribution of the source (organic material). In the present study, the design of the linear cell will be modified or improved on the basis of the temperature profiles obtained for the simplified linear cell. The temperature distributions are numerically calculated through the STAR-CD program, and the grids are generated by means of the ICEM CFD program. As the results of the simplified linear cell, the temperature deviation was shown in the parabolic form among the both ends and the center of the source. In order to reduce the temperature deviation, the configuration of the rectangular ends of the crucible was modified to the circular type. In consequence, the uniform temperature is maintained in the range of about 90 percent length of the source. It is expected that the present methods and results on the temperature analysis can be very useful to manufacture the vapor deposition device.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to predict the heat-transfer performance of a spirally coiled circular fin-tube evaporator in which either R134a or R600a was used; this heat-transfer performance was predicted by varying the mass flow rate, inlet air temperature, air flow rate, and tube thickness. Mean deviation for the analytical model from the measured data was ${\pm}8.3%$. Simulation results revealed that at a given mass flow rate, the heat-transfer rate of the evaporator using R600a was higher than that usingR134a because the enthalpy of the former is higher than that of the latter at the given conditions. The heat-transfer rate of both refrigerants increased with an increase in the air flow rate and inlet air temperature but decreased with an increase in the tube thickness.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1491-1497
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• 2011

One of the primary concerns in the design of welding devices is how to reduce the distance error between the welding path and the torch, especially when the path has a combination of circular and linear parts. This study investigated a mechanism for reducing the tracking error in the tangent area of a circular and linear path. A portable welding device, called a carriage, has been designed for a specific welding path by considering the distance error deviation. This welding carriage for vertical cover plate welding consists of a rail, a welding torch and the carriage body itself.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.143-157
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• 2010

This paper presents theoretical solutions for the three-dimensional (3D) stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate containing a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to far-field in-plane loads by using Kane and Mindlin's assumption. The dangerous position, where the premature fracture or failure of the plate will take place, the expressions of the tangential stress at the surface of the hole and the out-of-plane stress constraint factor are found in a concise, explicit form. Based on the present theoretical solutions, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the deviated degree of the in-plane stresses from the related plane stress solutions, stress concentration and out-of-plane constraint, and the emphasis has been placed on the effects of the plate thickness, Poisson's ratio and the far-field in-plane loads on the stress field. The analytical solution shows that the effects of the plate thickness and Poisson's ratio on the deviation of the 3D in-plane stress components is obvious and could not be ignored, although their effects on distributions of the in-plane stress components are slight, and that the effect of the far-field in-plane loads is just on the contrary of that of the above two. When only the shear stress is loaded at far field, the stress concentration factor reach its peak value about 8.9% higher than that of the plane stress solutions, and the out-of-plane stress constraint factor can reach 1 at the surface of the hole and is the biggest among all cases considered.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.437-442
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the position of a source in a closed form when a single source has coherently distributed property against a circular array. When a sound source reaches a sensor through multipath environments, it is seen as a distributed source and can be represented by four variables: the nominal azimuth, nominal elevation, azimuth angular spread, elevation angular spread. Therefore, it requires a lot of computation by a search method such as DSPE (Distributed Source Parameter Estimator). In this paper, we propose a method of estimating the nominal azimuth and elevation angle in a closed form using correlation function and least squares method for fast position estimation. In particular, if the source is assumed as Gaussian distribution model, the standard deviation is also estimated in a closed form. In the simulation, the validity of the proposed method is confirmed by comparing with the DSPE.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.528-535
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• 2011

In this paper, a compact doppler sensor with oscillator type active antenna operating at 2.4GHz frequency band is proposed to measure the distance to a moving object. The oscillation frequency is shifted depending on approaching of the object, and a detection circuit discriminates the frequency deviation. The active antenna has been designed and simulated. The prototype fabricated has a small circular disk type of diameter 30mm and height 4.2mm. As for antenna performance, broadside radiation pattern with beamwidth of $120^{\circ}$ and oscillation frequency of 2.35GHz has been measured. Test results as a range sensor shows that signal voltage of about 240mV has been obtained for conducting plate moving 1 meter away from the sensor. And, signal voltage has been linearly increased to the ground from 5m height by free-falling the sensor.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2000

Wireless communication systems using airship have been proposed in worldwide. The airship will be located at the stratosphere about $20{\sim}23\;km$ above the sea level. The position of airship will vary within the station keeping range with time due to the drag of the wind in the stratosphere. When the earth station antenna has a high gain without the tracking function, the antenna performance may be degraded by a small variation of the airship. This means that variation of airship location could result in serious degradation of the system performance. In this paper, degradation in earth station's Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) and Gain to noise Temperature ratio (G/T) due to the stratospheric platform movements has been derived by calculating the deviation angle of the main beam directions between the earth station and the platform antenna. In this case, the antenna of the earth station has been assumed circular and/or patch array antennas.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.318-321
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• 2003

In this paper, path loss and delay profile characteristics are measured in the subway platform. To evaluate the fading characteristics of the measured signals, the standard deviations are computed. The standard deviation is bigger for shorter distance. The shorter the distance, the bigger the phase difference between direct wave and reflected waves according the distance, which results in heavy fading. To compute the path loss according to distance, the average values of path loss exponent(n) is evaluated. The path loss exponents measured in the subway environment for Omni-VP(omni-directional vertical polarization) antenna and CP(circular polarization) antenna are 1.418 and 1.680, respectively, which are considerably less than 2.0, the free space path loss exponent.