• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking cessation attempts among Korean high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking. Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data derived from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey were analyzed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model. The sample comprised 829 high school students who reported current intermittent and light smoking, which was defined as cigarette smoking on 1~29 days in a 30-day period and no more than 10 cigarettes per day. Purposeful selection logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: In total, 71.7% (n=586) of the respondents had tried to stop smoking during the past 12 months. The main result was that respondents who had viewed an anti-smoking advertisement in the past year significantly more smoking cessation attempts than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio=2.59; 95% confidence interval=1.45~4.62, p=.001). Conclusion: To encourage smoking cessation attempts among high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking, healthcare providers, including school and community nurses, should develop effective interventions using anti-smoking advertisements tailored to adolescents' interests and developmental stage.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2011

Objectives: This article reviewed research on smoking behaviors and smoking-related health problems among university students to suggest evidences for developing smoking control strategies for them. Methods: Domestic research papers were screened through Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Medical Library Information System (MEDLIS), Korean Medical Database (KMbase), and digital national assembly library. International papers were searched mainly via PubMed. Results: Smoking prevalence among male college students were found to be over 50% in majority of Korean studies. While studies on smoking-related health problems were scant in Korea, several recent studies overseas showed possible effects of smoking on health among young adults, including decreased lung function, respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular problems, glucose intolerance, buccal disease, depressive symptoms, and so forth. Besides, smoking behaviors were closely related with other risk behaviors including drinking, and several psychosocial factors. Conclusions: To explore the smoking problem among college students, the first step should be a national representative survey with scientific methods. More research should be focused on the smoking-related problems among college students. To prevent smoking among college students, smoking prevention education, and smoking cessation counseling, and the initiatives of smoke free campus are needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age at cigarette smoking initiation and smoking level among adolescent current smokers. Methods: In 2007, students from one or two classes of the 10th or 11th grade were randomly selected using the probability proportional to size sampling method. In total, 743 current smokers were included. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between age at smoking initiation and smoking level as either frequent, daily, or heavy smokers. Results: The adjusted odds ratios for each smoking level were significantly higher for younger ages of smoking initiation than those for older ages of initiation were (p for trend <0.001). Compared with the students who started smoking in grades 10 to 11, the adjusted odds ratios for frequent, daily, and heavy smokers increased from 2.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 3.87) to 3.90 (95% CI, 2.02 to 7.56), from 1.56 (95% CI, 0.92 to 2.62) to 3.17 (95% CI, 1.70 to 5.92), and from 2.56 (95% CI, 1.21 to 5.42) to 5.67 (95% CI, 2.61 to 12.30) with younger ages of smoking initiation. Conclusions: Smoking frequency and amount were closely associated with age at smoking initiation. Therefore, smoking prevention programs should be initiated from the young adolescent period.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1980

A few years ago a WHO Expert Committee stated: 'Smoking related diseases are such important causes of disability and premature death in developed countries that the control of cigarette smoking could do more to improve health and prolong life in these countries than any other single action in the whole field of preventive medicine.' (WHO TRS 568/1975) Indeed, so serious have been the consequences of smiting in the developed countries of North America and Europe that they could not be ignored. Let us look at the action taken in some of these countries. We may then be able to draw up some guidelines for the formulation of a national anti-smoking policy-guidelines applicable both to countries which already are experiencing the dreadful consequances of long-established and wide-spread smoking habits, and applicable also to countries where the 'smoking epidemic' is only noly beginning to bring its burden of disability and early death.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1125-1130
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• 2012

Objective: The objective of present study is to investigate the determinants of smoking behaviour among adults in Malaysia. Method: Findings of the Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-3) by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, were used. The sample consisted of 34,539 observations. A logistic regression model was thus applied to estimate the probability to participate in smoking. Results: Age, income, gender, marital status, ethnicity, employment status, residential area, education, lifestyle and health status were statistically significant in affecting the likelihood of smoking. Specifically, youngsters, low income earners, males, unmarried individuals, Malays, employed individuals, rural residents and primary educated individuals were more likely to smoke. Conclusion: In conclusion, socio-demographic, lifestyle and health factors have significant impacts on smoking participation in Malaysia. Based on these empirical findings, several policy implications are suggested.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2016

Objective: To prevent adolescent drinking and smoking, this study proposed a strategy based on the ecological perspective. Methods: The study applied multilevel moderated logistic regression analysis on nationally representative individual-level (2,046 9th grade adolescents) and neighborhood-level (92 geographic areas) data. Results: There was a positive association between risky neighborhood environments (e.g., rate of smoking, drinking, and presence of saloon/bars accommodation) and rates of adolescent drinking and smoking. Furthermore, the interplay between risky neighborhood environments and school adjustment pointed to a possible protective effect of a high level of school adjustment in predicting smoking and drinking among adolescents. Conclusion: Findings highlighted the importance of considering multiple neighborhood social contexts surrounding adolescents to understand their risky behavior. Furthermore, positive intervention strategies that focus on adolescents' positive development within the school domain may act to protect adolescents from harmful neighborhood environments.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2007

Hydrogen cyanide(HCN), formed from pyrolysis of various nitrogenous compounds such as protein, amino acids and nitrate in tobacco, is present in both the particulate phase and vapor phase of cigarette smoke. Typically the determination of HCN in cigarette smoke has been done through colorimetric and electrochemical techniques, such as fluorescence spectrometry, UV-spectrophotometry (UV), continuous flow analyzer (CFA), capillary GC-ECD and ion chromatography (IC). Most of these techniques are known to be time-consuming and some of them lack specificity or sensitivity. The available results from both our laboratory and reported literatures for 2R4F Kentucky reference cigarette, smoked under ISO condition, show a relatively wide variation ranging from 100 to 120 ug/cig of HCN. Especially, the precision and accuracy of the analytical results of HCN tend to get worse in low tar cigarettes and under intense smoking condition. In this paper, a more optimized analytical methods than previous ones are suggested. This method shows lower detection limit and has improved precision and accuracy, so it is applicable for wide tar level cigarettes under intense smoking condition as well as under ISO smoking condition. Important features of this method are improved sample collection and quantification systems such as the number of trapping units, volume, temperature and type of trapping solution. To avoid volatilization loss of HCN in analyzing mainstream smoke, it is highly recommended that pH values of trapping solutions should be maintained over 11 and cold traps should be used in collecting mainstream smoke.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2014

본 연구는 보건계열과 비보건계열 대학생의 흡연관련 특성과 흡연의존도에 따른 구강건강실천을 분석하기 위해 2012년 9월 3일부터 10월 20일까지 전라북도 전주시에 위치한 4개의 대학교의 1, 2, 3, 4학년 학생을 대상으로 편의표본추출법에 의한 자기기입식의 설문조사를 실시하여 811명의 설문지를 최종 분석에 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 통계분석을 실시하였으며 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 보건계열에서 흡연하는 학생은 20.6%였으며, 비보건계열에서 흡연하는 학생은 29.4%였고, 전공계열에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<0.05). 흡연을 처음 시작한 시기는 보건계열(41.7%)과 비보건계열(47.0%)에서 고등학교가 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 흡연의존도에 따른 금연계획은 보건계열에서는 흡연의존도가 '그렇다'라고 응답한 군에서 '담뱃값이 인상되면 금연하겠다'에 대하여 32.7%(p<0.005), 비보건계열에서는 37.0%로 가장 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 흡연의존도에 따른 구강건강실천에 대하여 비보건계열에서는 흡연의존도가 '그렇지 않다'라고 응답한 군에서 '하루에 잇솔질을 2회 이상 한다'가 3.53점으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 전공계열 구분 없이 흡연예방과 금연교육 및 구강건강실천으로 구강건강을 유지와 증진시킬 수 있는 체계화된 프로그램 개발과 적용이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.128-149
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• 1998

Cigarette smoking has been identified as the single most important source of preventable morbidity and mortality. Smoking behavior varies each individual, so individuality & subjectivity of smoking behavior must be specially focused upon to understand smoking behavior. The purpose of this study was to find attitudes of university students in the prediction of smoking behavior. Q-Methodological method was used as a research design and data were collected during the period from Jan.1, 1997 to Feb. 28, 1998. As the research method, Q-statements were collected through in- depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 33 Q-statements were selected. There were 45 university students as subjects for the research. The 45 university students sorted the 33 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, Pc Quanl program was used for analysis and Q-factors were analyzed by using principal component analysis. According to the results of this study, there were four categories of opinion about the smoking behavior in university students. The first type is seeking the habitual dependency. The second type is seeking the stress relief : The third type is seeking the active disapproval : The fourth type is seeking the self control. As a result, The meaning of the smoking behavior is affected by perceived subjective experience, so we need to understand each persons meaning of the smoking behavior and to develop appropriate nursing interventions based on the typology of smoking behavior. Finally, The result of the study will provide basic data for smoking prevention and cessation program.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to find out the association between dual-use of the electronic cigarette (EC) and conventional cigarette (CC) and depression among undergraduate students. Methods: The participants of this study were 225 undergraduate students who were attending two universities located in Ulsan metropolitan city. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were conducted to analyze the data. Results: Nicotine dependence and depression were significantly higher in the dual-use group than in the single-use group. Dual-use of the EC and CC was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. In addition, quality of sleep was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. Conclusion: In order to prevent depression among undergraduate students, it is necessary to improve the awareness of the danger of dual use of the EC and CC.