• 한국노년학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.419-437
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• 2011

본 연구는 농촌지역과 도시지역 노인의 생산적 활동과 생활만족도간의 관계를 분석하는데 있다. 생산적 활동 중 경제적 활동과 보살핌노동활동은 부적 인과관계를 나타낸 반면 사회참여활동은 정적 관계가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 생산적 활동 개념이 다차원적인 개념으로 생활만족도에 있어 단일차원성을 확보하지 못함을 의미한다. 또한, Chow 검증한 결과 농촌지역과 도시지역의 노인의 생활만족도를 설명하는 계수의 구조가 다른 것으로 분석되었는데, 농촌지역과 도시지역의 생활만족도의 설명 요인의 차이에 대해 삶의 만족을 가져다 줄 수 있는 심리적 요인이 도농의 문화적 차이로 인한 결과로 해석하였다. 발견점은 노인들은 단체를 통한 자원봉사 활동 보다 개별적인 자원봉사가 생활만족도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 본 연구의 한계점을 밝히고 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to derive the optimal methodology estimating the changes of fluvial hydraulic characteristics due to semi-covering work of urban stream. First, after collecting the data of the daily maximum rainfall of Chungju gaging station, the frequency analysis was carried out with frequency factor method, which includes normal, two-parameter and three-parameter lognormal, Gumbel-Chow, pearson type III, log-pearson type III distribution, and the goodness of fit test was executed by $x^2$-test and Kormogorov-Smimov test. Using the SCS method, the effective rainfall was estimated and the peak flow was calculated by the area-routing method. The HEC-2 model was applied to calculate water surface profiles for steady, gradually varied flow at Kyohyun river system in Chungju city. The model was applied to floodplain and riverbed management to evaluate flood way encroachments and to delineate flood hazard by riverside roadway construction. The model also was used to evaluate effects on water surface profiles of river improvement and levees as well as the presence of bridges or other hydraulic structures in the floodplain.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.91-106
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyze empirically the influences of different types of household income and asset in the consumption expenditures of homeowners and lessees with deposit. The data used in this study were the 1996 Korea Household Panel Study. 1,512 households data were selected for the final analysis. The statistical methods adopted for data analysis were frequency, percentage, one-way ANOVA, crosstabs, multiple regression analysis, and chow-test. The results are as follows: (1) There were the differences between three groups in the expenditure levels of each consumption category and the shares of each consumption category of total expenditures. (2) The change of labor income influenced more significantly consumption expenditures of homeowners and lessees with deposit, compared to changes of different types of household income. Also homeowners and lessees with deposit changed their consumption expenditures in different ways to changes of various types of household income. (3) Homeowners increased more significantly their consumption expenditures to increase of net asset than lessees with deposit.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.605-613
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• 2015

A three-arm parallel design has been proposed to assess the biosimilarity between a biological product and a reference product using relative distance (Kang and Chow, 2013). The three-arm parallel design consists of two arms for the reference product and one arm for the biosimilar product. This paper extended the three-arm parallel design to a (k + 1)-arm parallel design composed of k (${\geq}3$) arms for the reference product and one arm for the biosimilar product. A new relative distance was defined based on Euclidean distance; consequently, a corresponding test procedure was developed based on asymptotic distribution. Type I error rates and powers were investigated both theoretically and empirically.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.320-329
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• 2016

An implicit method of solving the six degree-of-freedom rigid body motion equations based on the second order Adams-Bashforth-Moulten method was utilised as an improvement over the leapfrog scheme by making modifications to the rigid body motion solver libraries directly. The implementation will depend on predictor-corrector steps still residing within the hybrid Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operators - Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations (PIMPLE) outer corrector loops to ensure strong coupling between fluid and motion. Aitken's under-relaxation is also introduced in this study to optimise the convergence rate and stability of the coupled solver. The resulting coupled solver ran on a free floating object tutorial test case when converged matches the original solver. It further allows a varying 70%-80% reduction in simulation times compared using a fixed under-relaxation to achieve the required stability.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1982

This study was attempted to find best fitted distribution and the equations for probable maximum flow with the evaluation of parameters by the method of moment for the rat- ional design of hydraulic structures in the annual exceedance series. Six subwatersheds were selected as studying basins along Geum River basin. The results obtained through this study were analyzed and summarized as follows. 1. Fitted probability distribution was showed in the order of Three Parameter Lognorm al, Type 1 Extremal, Exponential, Pearson Type III, and Log Pearson Type I distribu- tion as the results of x$^2$ goodness of fit test. 2. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed in the order of Three Parameter Lognormal, Exp- onential' Pearson Type III, Log Pearson Type III and Type 1 Extremal distribution for the fitted probability distribution. 3. It can be concluded that Three parameter Lognormal distribution is a best fitted one among some other distributions out of respect for each both tests. An Exponential distribution was proposed as a suitable one by Chow, V.T. showeci lower fittness than that of Three Parameter Lognormal in Geum River basin. 5. Probable flood flow equations followins the return periods for each station were obt- ained by Three Parameter Lognormal distribution. 6. It is urgently essential that best fitted probability distribution should be established for the annual exceedance series in the main river systems of Korea.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2021

This study investigates and analyzes the difference in Indonesian banks' earnings quality in the pre-audit and post-audit period. This study also investigates the difference in audit quality done by public accounting firms. This study employs time series data taken from the unaudited and audited financial statements of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2016. Sample selection is made by using a purposive sampling method. The population of this study is 43 banks, and after checking the data for validity and reliability, the final sample size was 26 banks. Audit quality is operationalized with the size of the auditor. Earnings quality is proxied by accruals calculated using the Beaver and Engel (1996) model. The data analysis method used in this study is the paired-sample t-test and chow test. This study shows that there is no difference in earnings quality in the pre-audit and post-audit period. This study also reveals no difference in audit quality between the big four and non-big four auditors. These findings mean that independent auditors do not play a useful role in increasing the reliability of accounting information presented by management to stakeholders. Besides, this study's results do not verify the agency theory regarding auditors' role to minimize opportunistic management behavior in preparing financial statements.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.4209-4217
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• 1976

The purpose of this thesis is to search for the determination method of pumping rates in the existing tube wells for irrigation. Pumping tests were carried out for the twelve test tube wells which were selected in the provinces of Kyounggi, Kangwon, Chungbuk and Chungnam. The depths, static water levels, pumping levels, drawdowns and yields of tube wells were measured in the pumping tests, and a centrifugal pump with 3 inches diameter, a 5 HP motor and a 90$^{\circ}$ V-notch were used in the pumping tests. The average coefficient of transmissibility calculated by Chow's and Jacob's methods is 0.0336 square meter per second, and the average pumping rate calculated by Thiem's, Smreker's, Brinkhaus' and Theis' formulae, is 919 cubic meter per day, Therefore, the ground water storage in the test areas is comparatively abundant. Correlation between pumping rates and depths of tube wells is not in existence. Also, correlation between pumping rates and the thickness of aquifer is not found in this experiment. This shows that the depths of some tube wells are deep and their thicknesses of aquifer are thick, but their ground water storages are poor, and that the depths of some tube wells are shallow and their thicknesses of aquifer are thin, but their ground water storages are abundant. It seems that the test tube wells are influenced by the peculiar characteristics that the ground water in the test areas is free ground water in alluvium layer closely related with surface water. As drawdown increases, pumping rate decreases, and as the coefficient of transmissibility increases, pumping rate also increases. Namely, there are negative correlation between pumping rate and drawdown, and positive correlation between pumping rate and the coefficient of transmissibility. Judging from the results of the pumping tests in these tests areas, the pumping rate calculated by the formula, {{{{ { Q}_{m } =Q { ( { { S}_{ m} } over { TRIANGLE S } )}^{ { 2} over {3 } } }}}} used traditionally, is likely to be higher than real pumping rates. The formula, {{{{ { Q}_{m } =Q { { H}^{ 2} } over { (2H- TRIANGLE S) TRIANGLE S} }}}} derived from Thiem's theory, is looked upon as the reasonable one to detemine pumping rates in the existing tube wells for irrigation.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.73-92
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• 2011

명품브랜드의 대중화는 소비자가 명품브랜드를 이용하는 방식과 소비하는 목적과 동기가 다양해진다는 것을 의미한다. 명품브랜드 시장을 보다 잘 이해하기 위해서는 차별화된 다양한 접근법이 필요하다. 본 연구는 명품 브랜드의 가치와 브랜드 선호도간 관계에서 조절초점 조절효과를 검토하는데 목적이 있다. 명품 브랜드에 대한 지각된 가치는 소비자의 조절초점성향에 따라 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 품질가치와 경제적 가치는 향상초점 소비자집단보다 예방초점 소비자 집단에서 더 높게 나타난 반면에 심리적 가치는 예방초점 소비자 집단보다 향상초점 소비자집단에서 높게 나타났다. 또한, 향상초점 소비자일수록 과시적 가치와 감정적 가치가 명품브랜드 태도에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 반면, 예방초점 소비자일수록 품질가치와 경제적 가치를 더 중시하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.268-272
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• 2006

A dense, pellicular UpFront adsorbent ($p=1.5 g/cm^3$, UpFront Chromatography, Cophenhagen, Denmark) was characterized in terms of hydrodynamic properties and protein adsorption performance in expanded bed chromatography. Cibacron Blue 3GA was immobilised into the adsorbent and protein adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was selected to test the setup. The Bodenstein number and axial dispersion coefficient estimated for this dense pellicular adsorbent was 54 and $1.63{\times}10^{-5}m^2/s$, respectively, indicating a stable expanded bed. It could be shown that the BSA protein was captured by the adsorbent in the presence of 30% (w/v) of whole-yeast cells with an estimated dynamic binding capacity $(C/C_o = 0.01)$ of approximately 6.5 mg/mL adsorbent.