• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of Bangpungtongsungsan extract (BTS) on fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced young obese mice. Methods The extract was administered to 3-week-old C57BL/6 male mice fed with a high-fat diet. The experimental groups were divided into a control group (Ctrl), high-fat diet group (HFDF), and BTS treated group after high fat diet feeding (BTST), with 10 mice assigned to each group. Lipid synthesis was observed to confirm the inhibition of fat synthesis. Changes in body weight, body fat percentage, and total cholesterol in the blood were observed to confirm weight control. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1 positivity was observed to confirm the inhibition of fat accumulation in liver tissue. Results Bangpungtongsungsan significantly inhibited lipid synthesis. Changes in body weight, body fat percentage, and total cholesterol in the blood were significantly lower in BTST rats than in HFDF rats. PPAR-γ and SREBP-1 positivity were significantly lower in BTST rats compared to HFDF rats. Conclusions This study confirms the potential of BTST to inhibit fat accumulation in obesity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1020-1024
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• 2006

In this report, we describe the synthesis of mono- and di-valent cationic $3\beta$ [L-Lysinamide-carbamoyl] cholesterol (K-Chol) derivatives by solid-phase peptide synthesis method and the characteristics of K-Chol/antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) complexes. K-Chol was able to interact with antisense ODNs electrostatically and constructed nanometer-sized complexes of 50-100 nm in diameter. The formation of K-Chol/antisense ODN complexes was demonstrated by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis assay and atomic force microscopy. The cell-associated radioactivity was measured to monitor the cellular uptake of the complexes containing radioactive antisense ODNs using HL 60 cells.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.184.2-184.2
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• 2003

Many naturally occurring polyhydroxylated sterols and oxysterols exhibit potent biologic activities. The role of oxycholesterol including 2, 5(R)-2, 6-hydroxycholesterol is a potent inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis in vitro as it is an effective inhibitor of HMG-Coa reductase. Some new polyhydroxylated sterols were showed potent cytotoxicity to cancer cells. And it has also been chown to be an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, In order to synthesize the various oxy derivatives, we tried to positionselective and reagentselective epoxidation and reduction of cholesterol derivatives. (omitted)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 1985

It was attempted to observe the effects of ginseng saponin, one of the major components of the roots of Panax ginseng, on androgen biosynthesis from cholesterol in vitro as well as in vivo in rat testis. Ginseng saponin was administered by stomach tubing prior to intraperitoneal injection of cholesterol containing (4-14C)-cholesteroll into adult male rats and the liver, testis and blood serum were analyzed. The first high radioactivity of the liver and blood serum of test animal was observed at 6 hours after radioactive cholesterol injection, while that of control appeared at 12 hours after the injection. In the case of testis, the first high radioactivity of test group appeared between 4 and 6 hours after the radioactive cholesterol injection, while that of control appeared at 10-14 hours. Analysis of radioactivity distribution of cholesterol, androstenedione and testosterone in the testis of rats fed with/without ginseng saponin piror to (4-14C)-cholesterol injection showed that the saponin stmulated the synthesis of androgens from cholesterol. This was confirmed again by in vitro experiment using testis homogenate as an enzyme source. From the above experimental results, it was suggested that the ginseng saponin stimulates both cholesterol transport and the biosynthesis of androgens from cholesterol in rat testis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.496-501
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• 1992

간세포내 두가지 microsome효소인 HMG-CoA reductase와 cholesterol-$7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase는 콜레스테롤 합성과 담즙산으로의 분해의 조절효소임은 이미 알려진 사실이다. 본 실험에서는 콜레스테롤의 대사산물인 4종류 담즙산들이 간세포내의 콜레스테롤 합성 및 HMG-CoA reductase활성에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 간세포의 배양에서 간세포로의 담즙산 흡수는 배지내 농도(1mM~10mM)와 배양시간(1/2~3hr)의 차이에 따라 비례적으로 증가하였다. 콜레스테롤 합성저해에 대한 담즙산의 효과는 배지내 담즙산의 농도 및 배양시간에 따라 크게 감소하였다. 분리시킨 microsome내 HMG-CoA reductase의 활성에 대한 담즙산의 저해효과는 insulin 투여에 의하여 효소활성을 촉진시킨 경우에서도 뚜렷하였으며 콜레스테롤 합성 역시 저하되었다. 분리시킨 간세포막 내 $Na^+$,$K^+$-ATPase의 활성은 1.8~2.5mM정도의 배지내 담즙산 농도까지 증가함을 보였으나 cholic acid 흡수는 상기 효소의 활성에 거의 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 이유는 아직 불분명하나 1차 대사산물인 cholic acid의 흡수는 단순확산에 의한 것으로 사료되며 이에 대한 더 많은 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2001

This study was conducted to find out the effect of fermented milk on lowering of serum and liver cholesterol in high diet. Sprague-Dawley male rats of 200g initial average weight were assigned to four experimental group : (1) high fat diet + milk (2) high fat diet + bifidobacteria (3) high fat diet + microcapsulated bifidobacteria (4) high fat diet + fermented milk by bifidobacteria. Milk, bifidobacteria, microcapsulated bifidobacteria and fermented milk by bifidobacteria were given 2ml per day. According to the result, there was lowering effect of serum and liver total cholesterol in fermented milk feeding group, Serum LDL-cholesterol was also low tendency in fermented milk by bifidobacteria feeding group. Accordingly, it was confirmed that the material that caused hypocholesteremic effect was not the bifidobacteria itself in fermented milk but the metabolic material produced in the fermentation, and it inhibited cholesterol synthesis in liver.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.200-208
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• 1983

The present studies were designed to compare the effects of both dietary fat levels and P / S ratio on lipid components in plasma and tissues. Changes in plasma HDL-cholesterol, cholesterol and TG, and also in tissue cholesterol and TG were determined in young rats fed diets providing total dietary fat as 10%, 25% or 45% of calories and P / S ratio as 0.2 or 4.0. Plasma cholesterol levels were getting higher as dietary fat levels increased at P / S 0.2. Plasma cholesterol was lower in rats fed dietary fat either 25% or 45 %, each with P / S 4.0. But at 10% no change in plasma cholesterol were observed by P / S 4.0 because of a possible insufficiency of the absolute amount of PUFA. HDL-cholesterol was rather less sensitive to the modification of dietary fat level, but was reduced in rats fed diets of P / S 4.0 at either 25% or 45% fat, even though HDL-cholesterol were increased in the group of 10% with P / S 0.2. Total cholesterol per g- liver were significantly increased as dietary fat levels increased. Liver cholesterol levels were higher in rats fed diets of P / S 4.0 at higher fat levels (25% or 45%) which possibly suggested that a reduction of plasma cholesterol by high PUFA diet was not at least from a decreased synthesis of cholesterol in liver. However, in muscle no significant differences were found by feeding high P / S ratio at each levels of fat. At 10% fat level, compared to 25% or 45%, cholesterol level was lower in g-liver but higher in g- muscle. Plasma TG was decreased as more dietary fat were supplied at P / S ratio, but no consistant response obtained at low P / S ratio. TG per g-liver were reduced by feeding P / S 4.0 diet at 10% or 45% fat level but no differences were found in muscle. P / S 4.0 diet was more efficient in lowering plasma cholesterol TG and HDL-cholesterolt levels only if fat level was more than 25% of the total calories And young rats were more resistant to dietary fat modification.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the effects of Opuntia ficus-indica complex (OF) on the lipid metabolism, bile acid in feces, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, aspatate aminotransferase (AST) activity, composition of urine and expression of cholesterol related mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into non-diabetic control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic OF of 2% (OF-2) and diabetic OF of 5% (OF-5), then each group was fed for 3 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were decreased significantly (p<0.05) in OF-5 group compared to DC, but high density lipoprotein (HDL) was not changed. AST and ALT were also reduced and bile acid excretion was improved. Composition of urine in OF-5 was almost same in NC. The expression of cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA-R), Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) mRNA indicated that feeding OF have the effects of cholesterol decreation in plasma by synthesis of bile acid from cholesterol. These results provide experimental evidence about improved lipid metabolism of the OF feeding in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 1997

The influence of (-0-Hydroxycitrate(HCA), shown to be a competitive inhibitor of adenosine 5-triphosphate(ATP) citrate lyase, on food intake and body weight, serum triglyceride and cholosterol level, in vivo rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and fat cell number and size was investigated. 3 groups of female, 5 weeks old Sprague Dawley rats, 8 animals each, were ad libitum meal-fed or pair-fed(3 hours from 10 : 00 to 13 : 00) AIN based high glucose diet for a total period of 8 weeks. Providing normolipidemic rats orally with 400mg of HCA formula containing approximately 20mg of HCA 1 hour prior to daily feeding schedule significantly depressed in vivo hepatic rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver and adipose tissue. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by HCA. At the end of treatment period, the rats administered with HCA resulted in a significantly reduction in body weight gain. The reduction in weights was attributable to a significant decrease in fat cell size with a smaller extent, but not significant, reduction in fat cell number. Rats receiving HCA demonstrated less food intake than the controls ; however, this decreased caloric intake was not fully responsible for the HCA induced depression of hepatic and adipocytic lipogenesis, since experiment using pair-fed cojntrol rats showed, less magnitude but similar results. Both a anorectic and an antilipogenic properties of HCA seem to be responsible for this weight reduction activity of HCA. The outcome of this study suggest that metabolic regulation may be a feasible approach to the control of obesity and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.655-662
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• 2007

This study examined the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121 (LAB) on cholesterol metabolism in hypercholesterolemia-induced rats. Four treatment groups of rats (n=9) were fed experimental diets: normal diet, normal $diet+LAB(2{\times}10^6\;CFU/day)$, hypercholesterol diet (0.5% cholesterol, w/w), and hypercholesterol diet+LAB. Body weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency did not differ among the four groups. Supplementation with LAB reduced total serum cholesterol (25%) and VLDL+IDL+LDL cholesterol (42%) in hypercholesterol diet groups, although hepatic tissue cholesterol and lipid contents were not changed. In the normal diet group, cholesterol synthesis (HMG-CoA reductase expression), absorption (LDL receptor expression), and excretion via bile acids (cholesterol $7{\alpha}-hydroxylase$ expression) were increased by supplementation with LAB, and increased cholesterol absorption and decreased excretion were found in the hypercholesterol diet group. Total fecal acid sterols excretion was increased by supplementation with LAB. With proportional changes in both normal and hypercholesterol diet groups, primary bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids) were reduced, and secondary bile acids (deoxycholic and lithocholic acids) were increased. Fecal neutral sterol excretion was not changed by LAB. In this experiment, the increase in insoluble bile acid (lithocholic acid) reduced blood cholesterol level in rats fed hypercholesterol diets supplemented with LAB. Thus, in the rat, L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 is more likely to affect deconjugation and dehydroxylation during cholesterol metabolism than the assimilation of cholesterol into cell membranes.