• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.588-593
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• 2002

Paraquat, one of the potent herbicides, causes fatal damage to many vital organs, when orally ingested, resulting in circulatory failure, respiratory distress syndrome, and a few other serious problems, but there is no known specific antidote against it. Of the possible problems related to paraquat intoxication, oliguric acute renal failure, which has been known to develop within 24 or 48 hours after intoxication, are notoriously life-threatening. So we attempted to investigate the clinical characteristics and progress of paraquat-induced acute renal failure and the therapeutic possibilities of herbal medicines. All of the fifteen subjects were treated with intravenous fluid injection of 5% dextrose saline or 10% dextrose water in conjunction with herbal medicines which were used for oral administration or gargling. Gamdutang, a decoction of Semen Glycin(黑豆 200g) and Radix Glycyrrhizae(甘草 100g) with addition of other herbs when necessary, was administered orally. At the same time, gargling fluid, consisted of Chinese ink(墨汁), char-frying powder of Rhei Rhizoma(大黃炒炭末), Succus phyllostachyos(竹瀝), was used to detoxify the oral cavity. Serum levels of Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN) and Creatinine reached its peak on the third day of hospitalization, but then decreased and fell within the normal range on the 7th day and remained there. Serum levels of Na+ and K+ decreased down below the lower limits of normal range on the 7th day and on the 3rd day, respectively. Then they returned back within normal limits. Mean urine output on the 1st day of hospitalization was 1,050ml and it continuously increased to reach more than 2,000ml on the 14th day. From that day on, it stayed over 2,000ml. Fifteen cases of acute renal failure caused by paraquat intoxication were treated with combined treatments of oriental and western medicine in our hospital. However, we think that it is necessary to study further about the way to combine oriental and western medicine, to find out a more effective treatment method.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.77-93
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• 2020

Objectives This study was conducted to investigate randomized controlled trial studies about clinical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for chondromalacia patellae. Methods We searched randomized controlled trial studies about traditional Chinese medicine treatment for chondromalacia patella through China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). 27 articles published from 2015-2019 were finally chosen and analyzed by published year, number of samples, evaluation criteria, treatment duration, treatment method. Results Various treatments such as acupuncture therapy, herbal medicine, moxibustion therapy, manipulation, external treatment were practiced in China. Most of them were combined with western medicine or injection, rehabilitation therapy. Conclusions There were diverse studies about traditional Chinese medical treatment for chondromalacia patellae in China. In Korea, more clinical research about chondromalacia patellae is still needed. This study will be helpful for future research on Korean medicine for chondromalacia patellae.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.121.1-121.1
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• 2003

Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) is a herbal plant growing in China, Japan and Korea. According to the records of the Chinese medicine, this plant has been used as folk medicine for analgesics, beriberi, edema, hepatitis, icterus, etc. TCDD (2, 3, 7, 8 -tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), one of the notorious toxic environmental pollutants, damages various organs including liver and is regarded as an endocrine disrupter. After 7 days from TCDD (1$\mu$g/kg) injection, HCT (200 mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-67
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• 2004

Dehydroevodiamine (DHED) is one of the bioactive components of the Chinese herbal medicine Wu-chu-yu-tang that has been shown to produce various pharmacological effects. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of DHED after intravenous administration of two doses (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) in anesthetized rats. The plasma concentration of DHED was measured by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The mean area under the curve of the time-concentration profile was $21.9\;and\;53.9\;{\mu}g{\cdot}min/ml$ after the 2.5- and 5-mg/kg doses, respectively, and the volume of distribution was 1584.9 and 1580.6 ml following 2.5- and 5-mg/kg doses, respectively. Plasma concentration profiles versus time were compatible with a two-compartment model and first-order kinetics. The terminal elimination half-life was $91.8{\pm}16.6\;min$ and $78.7{\pm}11.9\;min$ in the dose of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. This is the first report to study the pharmacokinetics of DHED in animals.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.269-278
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• 2020

Objectives: Yukmijihwang-won (Liuweidihuang-wan in Chinese) is a frequently used medicinal herbal formula. It is used as Yin tonic in Korea and China to recover patients from Yin deficiency. However, the scientific evidence on this drug has not revealed the beneficial effect or mechanism of its effects on the neurological disorder. We designed this study to examine the antidepressive and analgesic effects of Yukmijihwang-won (YJ-01) and the minor modification of YJ-01, YJ-06 on the reserpine-induced pain-depression dyad mice model. Methods: Reserpine (1 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously once a day for three consecutive days to induce pain and depression-like behavior. The oral administration of YJ-01 and YJ-06 (100, 200, or 300 mg/kg) was performed once daily from three days after the reserpine injection. Results: Repeated administration of the YJs significantly reduced the immobility time in a forced swimming test and increased the moved distance and number of crossings in the open field test. In the von-Frey filament test, the oral administration of YJs remarkably suppressed the increase in paw withdrawal frequency. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that YJ-01 and 06 may be good candidates to treat the pain-depression dyad.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.88-112
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the oriental medical treatments of burning mouth syndrome, understand the tendency of treatment, and apply it to clinical settings. Methods : We collected case reports, retrospective cohort studies and RCT studies related to oriental medical treatments of burning mouth syndrome using domestic and Chinese databases(CNKI, KISS, RISS, OASIS, KCI). Search terms include 'Burning Mouth Syndrome', 'BMS', 'Burning Tongue', '灼口综合征', and 'oriental medicine', 'oriental medical treatment', 'Korean medicine' and '中医'. A search was conducted by appropriately combining keywords. Results : A total of 27 papers were included in the analysis. Among them, 9 are case studies, 1 is a retrospective cohort study, 1 is a before and after study and 16 are RCT studies. Treatments for burning mouth syndrome included herbal medicine, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, acupoint injection, auricular acupuncture treatment, external use herbal medicine and gargling. In all studies, symptoms of burning mouth syndrome were alleviated after oriental medical treatments. In 14 RCT studies comparing western medical treatments, the results of the treatment group that included oriental medical treatments were found to be more significant, except for one. Conclusions : As a result of the study, oriental medical treatments are effective in treating burning mouth syndrome. In the future, we hope that clinical research related to oriental medical treatments of burning mouth syndrome will be actively conducted so that evidence-based treatment can be implemented.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-198
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• 2003

Back ground : Cerebral palsy(CP) is a static encephalopathy caused by an insult to the brain during the prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal period (ie, up to 2 years). CP can lead to global dysfunction but always includes motor problems Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the current tendency of oriental approach to the CP and promote oriental treatment of CP in Korea Method : Investigation of current literature and clinical paper in Korea and Chinese Result and Conclusion : 1) CP fall under the category of wu-chi(five kinds of retardations : 五遲), wu-ruan(five kinds of flaccidity : 五軟), wu-ying(five kinds of Stiffness : 五硬) in oriental medicine and correspond to naoxing-tanhuan in current chinese medicine. 2) CP is mainly caused by weakness of the liver and kidney(肝腎不足), weakness of the spleen and stomach(脾胃虛弱), and the method of treatment is tonify the liver and kidney(補益肝腎), tonify the spleen and replenish qi(補脾益氣), but yu-chi(the faculty of speech : 語遲) is caused by deficiency of the heart(心虛) so that treated with method of invigorating the heart and nourishing blood(補心養血). Recently blood stagnancy the stagnation of qi(氣滯血瘀) is considered as the cause of CP, promoting qi circulation to invigorate blood(行氣活血) is mentioned the treatment of method. 3) In addtion to a herbal medication and acupuncture, the various treatments of scalp acupuncture(頭鍼), acupoint injection(穴位注射), catgut embedding therapy(埋鍼) etc. had been applicated to CP and for the objective evaluation of remedial value, TCD, EEG, BMD have been used.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.479-491
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• 1998

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the research of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for sinusitis. Methods: I mainly investigated 14 different kinds of recent edition of Chinese books and journals as references. Results: In the view of oriental medicine, sinusitis is regarded as Piyon(鼻淵). The loci used in the otopuncture therapies were Naepi(內鼻), Pye(肺), Aeck(額), Shinsangsun(腎上腺), Naebunpi(內分泌), and Weipi(外鼻) according to their frequencies. The drugs used in the drug-injection therapies were Corticoids, Lidocaine, Vitamin B, and herbal drugs. In addition, there were couple therapies mentioned in the references such as the electro-acupuncture therapies, the point penetration therapies, the point through-sinus acupuncture therapies, the point application therapies, the moxibustion therapies, the three-edged needle therapies, the ultra-sono acupuncture therapies, the cupping therapies, and the laser acupuncture therapies. Conclusions: There were various newly developed acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for sinusitis. Among them, the otopuncture therapies, the drug-injection therapies and the electro-acupuncture therapies were more frequently used than others.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.29-34
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• 2020

Objectives : Gyejigamchoyonggolmoryeo-tang (GT, Guizhigancaolonggumulitang in Chinese) is a herbal medicine to be prescribed for insomnia caused by anxiety induced by Heart-Heat and elevated Liver-Yang. In the present study, the onset time (sleep latency) and the duration time of sleep were measured to find out the sleep inducing effects of GT. The expression of c-fos immunohistochemistry was also measured at the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) and tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) site in brain. Methods : The onset time (sleep latency) and the duration time of sleep were measured 30 minutes after thiopental sodium injection. Thereafter, brain tissue was obtained and c-fos immunohistochemistry was performed on the VLPO and TMN sites. Results : GT statistically significantly reduced the sleep latency required to enter sleep, and significantly increased sleep duration time. GT significantly increased the number of c-fos immunohistochemical staining-positive cells in the sleep-inducing center (VLPO), whereas GT significantly decreased the number of c-fos immunohistochemical staining-positive cells in the arousal center (TMN). Conclusions : It could be concluded that the GT shortened the sleep latency and increased the duration time for sleep induced by thiopental sodium. And it was confirmed that the mechanism was to stimulate the sleep-inducing center (VLPO) and suppress the arousal center (TMN) in the brain. The results of this study are considered to be useful as scientific evidence that can be used clinically for the treatment of insomnia caused by anxiety.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 2017

Background: Traditional plant drugs, are less toxic and free from side effects compared to general synthetic drugs. They have been used for the treatment of diabetes and associated renal damage. In this study, we evaluated effect of Hachimi-jio-gan against diabetic renal damage in a rat model of type 1 diabetic nephropathy induced by subtotal nephrectomy plus streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and db/db mice as a model of human type 2 diabetes, and its associated complications. To explore the active components of Hachimi-jio-gan, the antidiabetic effect of corni fructus, a consituent of Hachimi-jio-gan, and 7-O-galloyl-${{\small}D}$-sedoheptulose, a phenolic compound isolated from corni fructus, were investigated. Methods and Results: We conducted an extensive literature search, and all required data were collected and systematically organized. The findings were reviewed and categorized based on relevance to the topic. A summary of all the therapeutic effects were reported as figures and tables. Conclusions: Hachimi-jio-gan serves as a potential therapeutic agent to against the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy. From the results of characterization active components of corni fructus, 7-O-galloyl-${\small}D$-sedoheptulose is considered to play an important role in preventing and/or delaying the onset of diabetic renal damage. 7-O-Galloyl-${\small}D$-sedoheptulose is expected to serve as a novel therapeutic agent against the development of diabetic nephropathy.