• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.26-29
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• 2000

Major characteristics of brines produced from the salting process were compared among winter, spring, and summer (highland) Chinese cabbages. The soluble-solids contents of final brine were decreased to 87~90% of initial brine during salting process, and showed 16.3, 15.8, and 14.4$^{\circ}$Brix for winter, spring, and highland Chinese cabbages, respectively. The pHs showed similar changes during salting process from pH 8.40~8.63 for initial to pH 6.03~6.24 for final. The high salting(12.4~14%) of final brine needs dilution or reuse treatemnt before discard. The COD of final brine were increased to 39.6 ppm, 52.1 ppm, 37.7 ppm, respectively. During salting total microbial counts of final brine were increased ten times from those of the initial brines for all samples.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.3-22
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationships between job satisfaction and organizational commitment of employees at the Chinese employees in Korean company. This study also focuses on revealing homogeneous demographic characteristics these employees exhibit that affect their satisfaction level. This paper analyzes the job satisfaction and turnover intention of the Chinese employees in Korean Businesses based on a great deal of questionnaire research. The research found that individual's characteristics, such as gender, age, education and marital status, as well as duty variables like salary, position, length of service, number of turnover times, probability and number of promotion, made influence on the employees about their job satisfaction and turnover tendency. The result of this research is helpful in studying how to improve the Chinese employees' job satisfaction and impair their turnover intention in Korean businesses.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.68-73
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• 2022

Thermoacoustic oscillations (TAOs) are spontaneous pressure oscillations frequently seen in hydrogen or helium cryogenic systems. Half-open tubes connected to cryogenic fluid with a closed room temperature end have a high potential for oscillation generation. Thermoacoustic oscillations will result in significant pressure fluctuations and additional heat load, endangering the security and stability of the cryogenic system. The goal of this paper is to investigate TAOs in superfluid helium using both theoretical and experimental methods. Five half-open tubes with varied typical inner diameters inserted into superfluid helium were installed in a test cryostat. The onset characteristics of thermoacoustic oscillations were presented and studied. The effect of temperature profile was discussed. Finally, a simple eliminating method was introduced.

• 중국학논총
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• no.71
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• pp.23-40
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• 2021

'过' and '了' are the key points, as well as difficult ones, in the academic study of Chinese grammar and language teaching. This article analyzes this language use by taking two sentence structures as example, namely 'Pao le.' and 'Pao guo le.'. As the semantic meanings of 'V+了2' and 'V+过1+了2' are very similar. Therefore, it can be confusing for non-native speakers to master this usage. This article attempts to sort out and analyze the usage environment and pragmatic characteristics of 'V+过1+了2' by employing the examples from the data of Corpus of the Chinese Linguistics Research Center of Peking University. By focusing on the usage environment and pragmatic characteristics of '过' and it is desirable for teachers to combine semantics, syntax and pragmatics while explaining the grammar point, in order for learners to understand accurate information quickly and learn how to use it.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to derive sub-group of Chinese residents to Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival through market segmentation and to identify their characteristics of each group. Design/methodology/approach - The survey was conducted with a total of 405 Chinese residents, and empirical analysis was conducted using SPSS program. Findings - As a result of the analysis, four factors were derived. Based on the factors, four sub-markets were derived by conducting cluster analysis for market segmentation. Market strategies for each sub-group were discussed based on significant differences between clusters according to demographic characteristics. Research implications or Originality - The results of this study contribute to find out potential target market of Chinese residents, and to provide data for better positing of Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 2024

Contemporary Chinese "micro-perspective" painting is an artistic phenomenon that we cannot ignore. It is the young artists who focus on themselves and their communities, record their stories and emotions in their life fragments into the coming history, and diary paintings as "micro-perspective" paintings allow "marginal people" to find their place. Based on the analysis of the aesthetic form and aesthetic characteristics of Chinese contemporary art, this paper explores the three aesthetic dimensions and their inherent aesthetic value, and explains its significance from the perspective of "micro-view" aesthetics. In the contemporary context, "micro-perspective" painting has become a unique cultural phenomenon, a consciousness situation. However, this phenomenon has a very unique artistic value and cultural value for the youth art group and even the formation of aesthetic culture and zeitgeist in China's current society.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 1999

Physical characteristics of stem (ile., length and diameter) and branch, and detachment force of mature and immature fruits of 12 species of the Lycium chinese Mill at a cultivar were determined. The number of stems and branches were counted after the first and second pruning of each plant. Length and diameter of the stem were average of 113.5 cm and 9.5 mm for 12 species of the Lycium chinese Mill, respectively. Average number of stem and number of branch after the first and second pruning in each plant were 5, 30, and 61, respectively. Diameter of major and minor axis of the fruit was average of 13.8mm and 8.3mm, respectively, and the sphericity of fruits was average of 0.7 for 12 species of Lycium chinese Mill. Detachment force of mature and immature fruits was average of 1 N and 2.7 N, respectively, for 12 species of the Lycium chinese Mill. The maximum and minimum detachment force of the mature fruits was 2.06 N and 0.39 N, respectively, and that of the immature fruits was 3.72 N and 1.27 N, respectively. The force-weight ratio showed a decreasing trend as the weight of fruit increasing for all samples.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.421-426
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• 2006

Objective To learn if there were different characteristics of tongue demonstration between diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor and disorder of internal organs. Methods Choosing 3059 cases from 51 medical records of Qing Dynasty, in which 1397 cases were diagnosed as diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor and 1110 were disorder of internal organs. Contrasting the constituent ratio of tongue demonstration using chi-square test. Results There were significant deviation between diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor and disorder of internal organs in color of tongue, color of fur and quality of fur (p<0.01). Conclusions the characteristics of tongue demonstration in diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor were high frequency of bright red tongue, yellow fur, blank fur and dry fur; and which in disorder of internal organs were high frequency of white tongue, thin fur, greasy fur and exfoliative fur.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1193-1196
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• 2014

Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCe) associated antigen had been identified by our research group. To study its mechanisms of regulation and associations with the occurrence and development of HCe, we inhibited expression by RNAi technique, and observed effects on the biological characteristics of Hep G2 cells. In cell viability assays, cell growth in the experimental group (with siRNA transfection) was elevated. In Transwell invasion assays, compared with blank and control groups, numbers of invading cells in the experimental group were significantly increased, whereas in apoptosis assays, the percentage apoptosis demonstrated no differences, but after UV irradiation, that in the experimental group was higher than the other two groups. In a word, SMP30 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of human hepatoma cells and thus can be regarded as a cancer suppressive factor.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2006

The Chinese Hamster Ovarian cells CHO-K1 are one of the most extensively used cells for the evaluation of gene expression and toxicology. However, these cells are frequently used for biomedical research without consideration of their cytogenetic characteristics. Therefore, we carried out to investigate the karyologic profiles, the frequency and type of chromosome aberration, and the distribution of telomeric DNA on chromosomes of the CHO-K1 cells. The GTG banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization on CHO-K1 cells were performed to characterize the karyotype and the distribution of telomeric DNA The present study revealed that the chromosome modal number of CHO-K1 cells was 2n=20; eight chromosomes appeared to be identical with those of the normal Chinese hamster, whereas the remaining 12 chromosomes were shown to be translocated, deleted, inversed, or rearranged from Chinese hamster chromosomes. The telomeric DNA on CHO-K1 chromosomes was intensively distributed at the centromeres rather than the ends of chromosomes. In addition, three chromosomes had interstitial telomeres and one marker chromosome entirely consisted of telomeric DNAs. The frequency and type of chromosome aberrations in CHO-K1 cells were examined. Of the 822 metaphase spreads, 68 (8.3%) cells resulted in chromosome aberrations of which the chromosome breakage was the most frequently occurred.