• Journal of architectural history
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.19-38
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the architectural character of the upper risen architecture(高床式 建築) in Japan. There are few upper risen architecture and architectural remains in Korea. Until now most of Korean researcher recognized that the upper risen architecture is southern regions' form. But there are a few numbers of upper risen buildings in northern regions of Korea and China. Therefore we need to compare northern and southern regions' upper risen architecture. The scope of this study is architectural remains, sites and present buildings about upper risen architecture in Japan. The period of this study is from third to eighth century. The method of this study is the analyses of site plan(the ratio of front and side length) and construction about Japanese Architecture. And then this study compare Japanese with other countries in Korean and Chinese upper risen architecture. Results of the study are below. 1. In Japan, upper risen architecture was introduced into southern regions(southern China and southeast Asia) with rice farming culture. 2. After introduced upper risen architecture, they were influenced many architectural technique of Korean and Chinese. 3. There were many technical improvement(such as foundation stone standing method, high technical wooden frame structure and adaptable triangle frame wall at moisture) the Japanese upper risen architecture in Nara Period(奈良時代). 4. As the results, I found out that there were many similarity Korea and Japan in upper risen architecture. I think that we will try continuous to study another regions' upper risen architecture in order to define conclusion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2016

This study is aimed to suggesting a hypothesis about the process of improvement of houses of the Korean-Chinese, comparing how Han Chinese and Korean-Chinese houses changed in Yanbian Area of China. This draws the conclusion by analyzing the field survey about residence of the Han Chinese and the Korean-Chinese in Yanbian Area of China. First of all, the characteristic of residence style change and the plan of rural houses of the Han Chinese are in the following. The plan of houses has been changed from allocating rooms from side to side with the kitchen as the center to linking each functional spaces through the aisle. And the main bedroom of houses becomes the central space for family members instead of Kang (partial Ondol) by expanding the floor heating system under the whole floor in houses. Next, the feature of residence style changes of the Han Chinese and the Korean-Chinese is as follows. In 1970s barns disappeared from houses of the Korean Chinese, but houses of the Han Chinese were not much changed. From 1980s to 1990s, spaces linking each rooms with aisles had appeared for comfortableness of residence and respecting each individual's privacy. On the other hand, The houses of the Korean-Chinese make a whole big space by getting rid of walls between the rooms. And after 2 thousand years later, Han Chinese houses have a bedroom with floor heating system. Both houses of the Korean-Chinese and the Han Chinese are changed to have a residence style which taking sedentary style and standing style.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the housing form characteristics of Korean Chinese living around Chagbaek mountain in Chinese. The field survey of housing layout and form of houses and interview and observation methods were was used with the data which were obtained form literature and statistical materials of Chinese government. Their houses are called Guytle-house and their analysed characteristics are summarized as follows ; the housing plans are one room type and they tend to have wide site area, abundant storage spaces and efficient energy saving structure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of literature on the residential environments of Korean-Chinese people residing in China. The number of such studies on residential environment is a total of 123, of which 86 (69.9%) are Korean studies and 37 (30.1%) are Chinese studies. Research has been conducted in China since the 1980s, but from 1990s onward, research was conducted in Korea following the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two nations. More studies related to history, society, and tradition have been conducted in China than Korea because China is a multiracial nation and Korean-Chinese people comprise an ethnic minority. In terms of residential environment, the majority of studies are related to architecture and space and are typically focused on villages and housing. Studies on traditional housing of the Korean-Chinese focus on general characteristics of traditional housing, targeting China's three northeast provinces and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of China. Studies on modern housing of the Korean-Chinese have mainly been conducted in Yanji City in China. The reason for this is that 41% of Yanji City's population is Korean-Chinese, a distinct difference can be seen between Yanji City and other areas regarding changes of modern housing, and ondol (the traditional Korean floor heating system) is commonly found in modern housing there.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

Purpose: China is increasingly paying more attention to mental illness as the number of people with mental illness increases rapidly. However, the design of a specialized psychiatric hospital is rarely studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial composition and the required area of psychiatric hospitals for the efficient design of psychiatric hospitals in China. In particular, we will analyze the space composition and present basic data for the future design of the Chinese psychiatric hospital space composition. Methods: This study examined the theories and related literature, and analyzed the plans of Chinese psychiatric hospital. Results: The results of the study are as follows. First, the spatial composition and area were analyzed. Second, the units of medical team, patient, supplies, and common area were analyzed by perspective of function, arrangement and composition. Third, based on the results of the analysis, considerations for the planning of Inpatient department were presented. Implications: This study will help improve the environment of Chinese psychiatric hospitals and provide basic data for the design of the Inpatient department of psychiatric hospital in China.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.636-647
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• 2018

This study is to explore the characteristics of contemporary Chinese architecture from the aspects of the regionalism of environment, culture and technology. Six cases of contemporary Chinese architecture which won the world-wide famous were selected and analyzed. The results are the followings; First, the regionalism of environment emphasizes the building's response to the regional environment (topography, climate and regional landscape). Second, the regionalism of culture reflects as the relevance between architecture and community structure, economic patterns, folk customs and other social factors of the region. Third, the regionalism of technology requires the coordination of construction process, structure form, materials and other contents of architecture with the regional environment and culture, and emphasizes the suitability of technology. Environment, culture and technology determine that the regionalism of contemporary Chinese architecture is not purely the meaning at the formal level, but explores the underlying causes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.133-134
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• 2007

• Korean Architects
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• s.525
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• pp.78-82
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• 2013

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.245-251
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• 2017

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a procurement method that has been proved to improve construction project performance. However, in China implementation of IPD practices in construction projects is unknown though some researchers have studied the problems and constraints in adoption IPD. The purpose of this study was to explore IPD adoption in Chinese construction industry. Critical components of IPD implementation were reviewed, and questionnaires were distributed to collect industry views. The results revealed that IPD uptake is still low. In particular, the liability waiver and shared risks and rewards have been rarely used. In addition, co-location, value engineering method and the new compensation approach have also been hardly adopted. Some practices related to early involvement of key parties were adopted. Surprisingly, the findings indicate that the client has been continuously involved in the projects. The findings may imply that the legal issues and problems of contractual frameworks are still constraining IPD implementation in Chinese construction industry.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.453-469
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• 2011

A one-story, wooden-frame, intermediate-bay model with Dou-Gon designed according to the Building Standards of the Song Dynasty (A.D.960-1279), was tested on a unidirectional shaking table. The main objectives of this experimental study were to investigate the seismic performance of Chinese historic wooden structure under various base input intensities. El Centro wave (N-S), Taft wave and Lanzhou wave were selected as input excitations. 27 seismic geophones were instrumented to measure the real-time displacement, velocity and acceleration respectively. Dynamic characteristics, failure mode and hysteretic energy dissipation performance of the model are analyzed. Test results indicate that the nature period and damping ratio of the model increase with the increasing magnitude of earthquake excitation. The nature period of the model is within 0.5~0.6 s, the damping ratio is 3~4%. The maximum acceleration dynamic magnification factor is less than 1 and decreases as the input seismic power increases. The frictional slippage of Dou-Gon layers (corbel brackets) between beams and plates dissipates a certain amount of seismic energy, and so does the slippage between posts and plinths. The mortise-tenon joint of the timber frame dissipates most of the seismic energy. Therefore, it plays a significant part in shock absorption and isolation.