• 제목/요약/키워드: Childhood Trauma

검색결과 95건 처리시간 0.022초

단일병원에서 관찰한 최근 10년간의 소아 우발사고에 관한 연구 : 이물흡인을 중심으로 (Clinical Study of Childhood Accidents from a Hospital Over Ten Years with Regard to Foreign Body Aspiration)

  • 김철민;송준영;김자형;김기수;홍수종
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제45권9호
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    • pp.1134-1140
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    • 2002
  • 목 적: 소아에서 우발사고는 경제 및 문화수준의 향상으로 인한 생활의 기계화와 자동화에 의해 점차 증가하는 추세이며 소아기 사망의 중요한 원인이 되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 응급실을 방문한 우발사고 환아들을 대상으로 상부 위장관이나 기도내 이물흡인과 중독을 중심으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 조사하여 소아 우발사고의 예방대책을 수립하는데 도움이 되고자 본 조사를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1990년 1월 1일부터 1999년 12월 31일까지만 10년간 서울아산병원 응급실을 방문한 만 15세 미만의 외상, 추락, 화상, 이물흡인 및 중독 환아 6410명을 대상으로 하여 사고의 유형별 분석 및 이물질의 종류, 성과 연령, 위치, 치료 방법에 대하여 병원의 입원기록지를 바탕으로 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) 사고의 유형별 분포를 보면 외상환아가 5,038례로 가장 많았고 다음이 추락 803례, 화상 353례, 이물 흡인 188례, 중독 28례의 순으로 발생하였고, 남녀비는 1.8 : 1이었다. 2) 이물흡인의 경우 총 188례 중 남녀비는 2 : 1이었으며, 연령별 발생 분포는 6세 이하가 169례(89%)로 가장 많았고 특히 1-2세가 57례(30%)로 많은 분포를 나타내었다. 중독의 경우 남녀비는 1.3 : 1이었고, 연령별 분포는 1-2세가 12례(42%)로 가장 많았고 1세 이하에서 6례(21%), 6세 이상에서 6례(21%)가 관찰되었다. 3) 이물흡인의 위치는 상부 위장관이 112례(59%)로 가장 많은 분포를 보였고, 호흡기관 57례(30%), 외이도가 15례(7%) 순이었다. 상부 위장관 이물의 경우 식도가 69례(61%)로 가장 많았고 위가 43례(38%)를 보였다. 기도내 이물의 경우 우측 및 좌측 주 기관지가 각각 27례(47%)로 동일한 분포를 보였다. 4) 이물의 종류를 보면 상부 위장관의 경우 동전이 65례(58%)로 가장 많았고, 핀이 12례(10.7%), 장난감 및 열쇠가 각각 6례(5.3%), 반지 및 바둑알이 각각 5례(4.5%)였으며, 기도내 이물의 경우 땅콩이 36례(63%)로 가장 많았고, 장난감 부속품이 11례(19%)였다. 5) 이물흡인의 치료 방법으로 상부 위장관 이물의 경우 경성 식도내시경으로 제거된 경우가 60례(54%), 굴곡성 내시경으로 제거된 경우가 29례(26%), 수술을 받은 경우가 7례(6%)였으며, 16례(14%)는 자연 배출되었다. 식도내 이물과 위내 이물 중 핀과 같은 날카로운 경우 진단 즉시 내시경으로 제거하였고, 위내 이물 43례 중 20례는 진단 후 24시간 이내에 제거하였다. 그러나 추적 관찰시 시행한 단순 복부 방사선사진에서 위내 이물이 십이지장을 지난 23례 중 16례(70%)는 2주 이내에 모두 합병증이 없이 자연 배출되었고, 7례(30%)는 장폐쇄 증상 등이 동반되어 수술적으로 제거되었으며 수술 후 합병증은 동반되지 않았다. 기도내 이물의 경우 51례에서 경성 기관지내시경으로 제거되었으나 6례에서는 이미 심한 질식과 뇌손상으로 사망하였다. 6) 중독의 원인별 분포를 보면 약물이 원인인 경우가 14례(50%)였고, 그 중에서 경련성 질환을 가진 환아에서 Carbamazepine이 5례(18%), Valproic acid가 4례(14%)였다. 결 론: 지난 10년간 우발사고의 원인으로 외상이 가장 많았고, 추락, 화상, 이물흡인 그리고 중독의 순이었다. 최근에 이물흡인과 중독이 영유아에서 많이 증가하고 있으며, 특히 기도내 이물흡인의 경우 사망률이 가장 높기 때문에 기도 유지를 위한 적절한 처치가 필요함을 알 수 있다.

정신건강의학과 외래환자 대상 한국판 외상 증상 체크리스트(Trauma Symptom Checklist-40)의 타당도 연구 (Validation of the Korean Version of the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 among Psychiatric Outpatients)

  • 박진;김대호;김은경;김석현;윤미림
    • 정신신체의학
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2018
  • 연구목적 복합 외상을 겪는 경우에는 PTSD의 증상을 넘어선 증상들이 다양하게 나타난다. 그러나 그러한 다양한 증상을 평가하는 도구가 부족한 실정이다. 외상 증상 체크리스트-40은 자기보고식 검사로 아동기 혹은 성인기의 외상 경험과 관련된 이러한 다양한 증상들을 측정하기 위한 도구로 원척도 연구에서 높은 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증된 검사 도구이다. 이번 연구의 목적은 정신건강의학과 외래 환자를 대상으로 한국판 외상 증상 체크리스트-40 (KTSC-40)의 타당도를 검증하기 위해 설계 되었다. 방 법 한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과 외래를 진료 목적으로 방문한 367명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 환자들의 자기보고식 평가 자료를 사용하였으며 외상 증상 체크리스트-40 (TSC-40), 사건 충격척도 개정판(IES-revised), 일생 사건 체크리스트(LEC), Zung 자가평가 우울척도(Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale), Zung 자가평가 불안척도(Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale)를 이용하였다. 신뢰도는 내적 일치도(Cronbach's ${\alpha}$)로 산출하였고, 요인타당도는 Varimax 직각 회전을 이용한 탐색적 주성분 분석, 각 척도와의 수렴 및 공존 타당도를 위해서는 Spearman 상관분석을 하였다. 결 과 KTSC-40은 Varimax 직각회전을 이용한 주성분 요인 분석을 통해 7개의 요인을 추출하였고, 총 분산의 59.55%를 설명하였다. 이는 원척도 연구에서의 6개의 요인, 5개의 요인과 요인 수는 다르지만 그 내용은 비슷하였다. KTSC-40은 Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ 값이 0.94로 높은 내적 일치도를 가졌다. 또한 다른 PTSD scale과 우울, 불안 척도와의 비교에서 높은 수렴 및 공존 타당도를 보였다. 결 론 KTSC-40의 정신측정학 성질을 조사하여 우수한 타당도를 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 다만, 요인 분석에서의 원척도와의 약간의 차이를 보였는데 이는 문화적인 요소와 외상 관련 질환이 아닌 정신건강의학과 환자군 등 이질적인 외래 구성 집단에 따른 것으로 보인다. 결과적으로 KTSC-40은 높은 타당도로 향 후 다양한 임상영역에서 외상과 관련된 증상들을 평가 하는데 유용할 것으로 예상된다.

니키 드 생 팔의 트라우마를 통해 살펴본 아상블라주와 사격회화의 양면적 특성 (A Study on the Ambivalent Characteristic Displayed in Niki de Saint Phalle's Assemblages and Shooting Paintings by Looking Into Her Trauma)

  • 유가은
    • 미술이론과 현장
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    • 제6호
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    • pp.77-99
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to show that the reason behind the ambivalent characteristic displayed in Niki de Saint Phalle's works is in her trauma and how such characteristic can be extracted from her works. During her creative years, Saint Phalle worked on various materials from different genres such as assemblages, shooting paintings, a series on Bride and Monster, 'Nana', 'Tarot Garden'and public sculptures. One commonality found among her various works is the ambivalent characteristic that contains contrasting elements simultaneously. Saint Phalle suffered a terrible psychological damage inflicted by her parents during her childhood. Specifically, she was sexually assaulted by her father and emotionally neglected by her mother, the trauma that affected her for the rest of her life. As a result, she came to develop extreme love- hate relationships with her parents and this became the main reason for the ambivalent characteristic displayed in her works. The love-hate relationship Saint Phalle developed can be identified through various researches done on the subject of the affect of sexual assault. It is common for incest victims to develop ambivalent feelings towards the perpetrator and Saint Phalle was no exception. Dissociation disorder and a snake well explain the trauma from her father. It is a generally accepted belief in the field of psychology that dissociation disorder commonly occurs to children who experience incest. And dissociation disorder is similar to the characteristic of ambivalence in the sense that a single entity contains more than two contrasting elements at the same time. In addition, the amputated doll objects used in her assemblages coincide with the expression of body detachment of people with dissociation disorder. These facts clearly indicate that the trauma from her father is showing through in her works. A snake is a subject matter that reflects the ambivalent tendency of Saint Phalle that resulted from her trauma. She remembers her father's rape as an image of a snake which is related to a phallic symbol in mythology or art reflecting her trauma. Moreover, she displays a similar pattern of ambivalent emotion like love and hate or fear towards a snake and her father. This is also confirmed by her portrayal of a snake as a monster or reversely as a creature with fundamental vitality in her works. The lack of affection from her mother can be explained by her mother's maternal deprivation. It appears that Saint Phalle's mother possessed all the causes for maternal deprivation such as maternal separation, personality disorder and inappropriate attitude towards child rearing. Especially, a study that shows mother's negative attitude towards child breeding tends to increase dissociation experience of children is another important evidence that supports Saint Phalle's dissociation tendency. These traces of Saint Phalle's trauma are clearly revealed in her assemblages and shooting paintings. The violent objects in her assemblages such as a hammer, razor, nail represent the rage and defensiveness towards her father. The objects such as fragments of broken plates of feminine patterns, pots and mirrors that her mother used symbolize the affection towards her mother. On the other hand, the destructed objects can be interpreted as her hate and resentment towards her mother. Shooting paintings contain her extreme fury and hate. Things such as acts of shooting and the image associated with blood after shooting are blunt expressions of her bursts of emotions. I have tried to define and classify the ambivalent characteristics shown in her assemblages and shooting paintings as hate, rage, violence, calm, love and pleasure according to the frame of Thanatos and Eros. Out of the six, hate, rage, violence and clam are associated with Thanatos while love and pleasure are associated with Eros and they correspondingly form an ambivalent structure. These ambivalent characteristics can be found in her assemblages and shooting paintings. The objects in her assemblages such as a razor, saw, hammer imply hate, rage, violence and the silence felt throughout her works represent calmness. And, as mentioned, the feminine objects can be seen as symbolizing love. In shooting paintings, hate, rage, violence can be found in the use of force and in the traces of watercolor after shooting, and a sense of pleasure in her feelings of catharsis after her shooting. Moreover, a shielded calmness can be found on the plywood all covered with plaster before the shooting. This study looked into the ambivalent characteristic of Saint Phalle's works by examining her trauma to find its correlation, and a meaning of this study can be found from the fact that it refocused the origin of Saint Phalle who is generally known as a feminist artist. Additionally, a meaning of the study can be found also from the fact that it examined the ambivalent characteristics of her works through a frame of Thanatos and Eros.

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노령 환자에서 발견된 후두개 이형성증 1예 (A Case of Dysplastic Epiglottis in Elderly Patient)

  • 임성환;김승우
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.71-73
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    • 2017
  • Dysplastic epiglottis is extremely rare congenital malformation, which usually occurs in association with other laryngeal anomalies. Hypoplasia is the most common type in epiglottic malfomations. Other abnormalities include rudimentary, aplasia and bifid etc. Mostly, they are found in infancy and early childhood, and diagnosis at adulthood is extremely rare. A 69-year-old man with chronic cough and globus sense visited our clinic. Laryngoscopic findings revealed a unique form of epiglottis. He had no history of laryngeal trauma, tumors, head and neck surgery, and radiation. There was no another anomaly in the laryngo-pharynx. Because of a mass-like lesion at the apex of epiglottis, we performed the laryngeal microsurgery. The pathology revealed as granulation tissue. We report a rare and unique case of dysplastic epiglottis in elderly patient with a brief literature review.

Posttraumatic Giant Extradural Intradiploic Epidermoid Cysts of Posterior Cranial Fossa: Case Report and Review of the Literature

  • Enchev, Yavor;Kamenov, Bogidar;William, Alla;Karakostov, Vasil
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제49권1호
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2011
  • We reported a unique case of posttraumatic giant infratentorial extradural intradiploic epidermoid cyst. A 54-year-old male, with a previous history of an open scalp injury and underlying linear skull fracture in the left occipital region in childhood, presented with a painful subcutaneous swelling, which had been developed gradually in the same region and moderate headache, nausea, vomiting and cerebellar ataxia. The duration of symptoms on admission was 3 months. Imaging studies revealed occipital bone destruction and giant extradural intradiploic lesion. The preoperative diagnosis was giant infratentorial extradural intradiploic epidermoid cyst. Surgery achieved total removal of the lesion, which was histologically confirmed and the postoperative course was uneventful. To our knowledge, this is the first case of giant infratentorial extradural intradiploic epidermoid cyst with a traumatic etiology described in the literature.

Neuro-Behçet disease presented diplopia with hemiparesis following minor head trauma

  • Choi, Ja-Yun;Park, Sun-Young;Hwang, In-Ok;Lee, Young-Hwan
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제55권9호
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    • pp.354-357
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    • 2012
  • Behçet disease (BD) is rare in childhood. We report a 9-year-old boy with neuro-Behçet disease who presented diplopia and weakness on the left side after a cerebral concussion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintensity of the right mesodiencephalic junction on T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. Prednisolone administration resulted in complete remission and normalization of abnormal MRI finding. Brain MRI is a useful diagnostic tool when the neurological sign is the first symptom of subclinical BD.

신칸디다증에 합병된 요낭종 1 례 (An Urinoma in a Premature Infant with Renal Cadidiasis)

  • 김예진;김정은;유은선;박은애;이선화;이승주
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.195-197
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    • 1997
  • An urinoma(uriniferous pseudocyst, pararenal pseudocyst) denotes an encapsulated collection of urine in the perirenal or paraureteral space. It was usually reported in relation to trauma and acquired obstructive uropathy but rarely reported in renal infection including renal candidiasis. The mechanism is believed due to rupture of fornix through weakened portion of suppurated kidney and pyelosinus backflow by increased intrapelvic pressure in obstructive uropathy and fungus ball obstruction. We report a case of urinoma in a premature as the first case in Korea which developed as a complication of renal candidiasis.

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Direct Bonding System에 의한 매복치의 교정치험례 (An Orthodontic Case of Impacted Tooth Treated by Direct Bonding System)

  • 양원식
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.171-175
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    • 1973
  • A 9-year-old girl, in good health, presented a horizontal impaction of the upper left central incisor. History revealed that the patient had been involved in a trauma of the maxillary anterior portion during her childhood. This impacted tooth crown, which was exposed surgically, was bonded by plastic attachments of direct bonding system, and was carefully tried to induce on the dental arch. On the process of the orthodontic treatment the tooth was completely induced and in normal alignment on the arch. The treatment result was very satisfactory; color, vitality, and mobility were normal, periodontal support was good and the cosmetic result was excellent.

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Examining the Role of Psychosocial Stressors in Hypertension

  • Komal, Marwaha
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제55권6호
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    • pp.499-505
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    • 2022
  • Despite advances in medicine and preventive strategies, fewer than 1 in 5 people with hypertension have the problem under control. This could partly be due to gaps in fully elucidating the etiology of hypertension. Genetics and conventional lifestyle risk factors, such as the lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, excess salt intake, and alcohol consumption, do not fully explain the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, it is necessary to revisit other suggested risk factors that have not been paid due attention. One such factor is psychosocial stress. This paper explores the evidence for the association of psychosocial stressors with hypertension and shows that robust evidence supports the role of a chronic stressful environment at work or in marriage, low socioeconomic status, lack of social support, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, childhood psychological trauma, and racial discrimination in the development or progression of hypertension. Furthermore, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that link psychosocial stress to hypertension are explained to address the ambiguity in this area and set the stage for further research.

Humidifier disinfectant lung injury, how do we approach the issues?

  • Choi, Jihyun Emma;Hong, Sang-Bum;Do, Kyung-Hyun;Kim, Hwa Jung;Chung, Seockhoon;Lee, Eun;Choi, Jihyun;Hong, Soo-Jong
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • 제31권
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    • pp.19.1-19.7
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    • 2016
  • A large portion of the Korean population has been exposed to toxic humidifier disinfectants (HDs), and considering that the majority of the victims are infants, the magnitude of the damage is expected to be considerably larger than what has currently been revealed. The current victims are voicing problems caused by various diseases, including but not limited to lung, upper respiratory tract, cardiovascular, kidney, musculoskeletal, eye, and skin diseases, etc. However, there has been difficulty in gaining validation for these health problems and identifying causal relationships due to lack of evidence proving that toxic HD is the specific causes of extrapulmonary diseases such as allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, the victims and bereaved families of the HD case have not received any support for psychological distress such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, feelings of injustice, and anger caused by the trauma. In addition, because the underlying mechanisms of the toxic materials within the HDs such as polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate, poly(oxyalkylene guanidine) hydrochloride, chloromethylisothiazolinone /methylisothiazolinone have yet to be determined, the demand for information regarding the HD issue is growing. The victims of the HD cases require support that goes beyond financial aid for medical costs and living expenses. There is a desperate need for government-led integrated support centers that provide individualized support through health screenings; in other words, we need an integrated facility that provides the appropriate social support to allow the victims to recover their physical and mental health, so as to well prepare them to return to a normal life. The implementation of such a plan requires not only the close cooperation between those departments already directly involved such as the Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Health and Welfare, but also active support on a national scale from pan-governmental consultative bodies.