• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2015

Objectives : We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and tolerability of risperidone monotherapy in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In addition, we did mixed effect model analysis of the effects of risperidone in patients with ASDs naturalistically treated in a routine clinical setting to determine whether the clinical effects were maintained and the side effects were tolerable. Methods : This retrospective study assessed children and adolescents with ASD, who were on risperidone monotherapy from July 2010 to July 2011 at the Child and Adolescent ASD Clinic at Seoul National Hospital. Outcome measures included the Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) and the CGI-Improvement (CGI-I) scales along with other clinical indices: dosage, target symptoms, and side effects. Results : The mean dose of risperidone in 47 children and adolescents with ASD (40 males, 7 females; age range 5-19 years) who were on risperidone monotherapy was $1.6{\pm}0.8mg/day$, and the mean duration of the treatment period was $20.2{\pm}17.3months$. Aggressive behavior, stereotypic behavior, irritability, and self-injurious behavior were the most frequent target symptoms of risperidone. The most common side effects were weight gain followed by somnolence and extrapyramidal symptoms. In a mixed effects model analysis of CGI-I scores, the mean CGI-I score at the 1 month follow-up was significantly different from the mean CGI-I score of the 3-month follow-up (p=.046), and the CGI-I scores were equally maintained over 3 to 48 months [F(6, 28.9)=4.393, p=.003]. Of the 47 patients, 33 patients (70.2%) were identified as the response group, showing an end point CGI-I rating of 3 or under and having continued risperidone treatment for at least 6 months. The baseline CGI-S score showed significant association with clinical response to risperidone (p=.005), the mean baseline CGI-S was higher in the response group compared to the non-response group. Conclusion : In this study, clinical improvement of risperidone stabilized around 3 months and was equally maintained up to 48 months with tolerable side effects, supporting maintenance of risperidone treatment in children and adolescents with ASDs.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of nursing intervention through understanding disease pattern of pediatric patients. Data were collected from 3,016 patients who visited emergency center of I university Hospital during one year period from January to December, 1997. The results were as follows : 1. The most common type of disease was respiratory disease (26.7%). 2. According to the developmental age, toddler (35%) ranked first followed by preschooler(22.1%), infant(18.5%), schooler(16.0%), adolescent (5.6%), neonate (2.7%). 3. The proportion of males to females, male patients(59.8%) outnumbered female(40.2%) by the ratio of 1.48 ; 1. 4. Visiting patients were seasonally more frequent in spring(29.8%) and summer (29.3%) than fall or winter. 5. Comparing weekly distribution, week end involing holiday outnumbered week day(48.5%). 6. The visiting time predominattly high from 8 : 00 PM to 0 : 00 AM(29.8%) during a day. 7, The majority duration of stay at Emergency center was 1-6 hours. 8. Most patients dischrged from the emergency center in good condition(76.5%).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to provide qualified nursing care to examine the degree of satisfaction with nursing care of pediatric patients visiting emergency center. Data were collected from March, 8 to June, 5, 1999 from 304 subjects including 2 University hospitals located in Seoul. Using the 23 item questionnaire, which made out by Davis CHECSS tool through modification and supplement by researchers. The collected data were scored by use of means and standard deviations according to the degree of satisfaction with nursing care of pediatric patients visiting emergency center and each item as an independent variable was analysed by t-test and ANOVA test. The results are as follows. 1. The degree of satisfaction with the nursing care of pediatric patients visiting emergency center showed as an average of 3.69. 2. With the resept of general characteristics related to pediatric patients visiting emergency center, there were statiscally significant difference in duration of stay at emergency center(F=2.908, p=.014), type of disease(F=1.777, p=.046). The degree of satisfaction with the nursing care of pediatric patients of examiners showed relatively high, but emotional care and information supply are required.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2013

Children with abnormal liver function can often be seen in outpatient clinics or inpatients wards. Most of them have respiratory disease, or gastroenteritis by virus infection, accompanying fever. Occasionally, hepatitis by the viruses causing systemic infection may occur, and screening tests are required. In patients with jaundice, the tests for differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important. In the case of a child with hepatitis B virus infection vertically from a hepatitis B surface antigen positive mother, the importance of the recognition of immune clearance can't be overstressed, for the decision of time to begin treatment. Early diagnosis changes the fate of a child with Wilson disease. So, screening test for the disease should not be omitted. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is mainly discovered in obese children, is a new strong candidate triggering abnormal liver function. Muscular dystrophy is a representative disease mimicking liver dysfunction. Although muscular dystrophy is a progressive disorder, and early diagnosis can't change the fate of patients, it will be better to avoid parent's blame for delayed diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2009

Trichotillomania (TTM) is a disorder characterized by repetitive hair pulling, frequently from the scalp and/or eyebrows, leading to noticeable hair loss and functional impairment. TTM remains a poorly understood and inadequately treated disorder despite increased recognition of its prevalence. We review available neuroimaging studies conducted in patients with TTM, covering structural and functional neuroimaging in turn. Data from patients' structural and functional neuroimaging results enabled us to identify the neural circuitry involved in the manifestation of hair pulling. Finally, we highlighted the future importance of neuroimaging studies in children and adolescents with TTM.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2021

The purpose of this review is to examine the clinical use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Many studies have been conducted using objective evaluation tools for psychiatric evaluation, such as predicting psychiatric symptoms and treatment responses. Compared to other tools, fNIRS has the advantage of being a noninvasive, inexpensive, and portable method and can be used with patients in the awake state. This study mainly focused on its use in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. We hope that research involving fNIRS will be actively conducted in various diseases in the future.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.501-504
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• 2018

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a disease characterized with destruction of erythrocytes as a result of antibody produce against patient's own erythrocytes and anemia. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia can be roughly stratified into two groups according to serological features and secondary causes including drugs induced hemolytic anemia. Drugs induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia is very rare in pediatric patients. Even though hematological side effects such as leucopenia, agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenic purpura and aplastic anemia might occur due to psychotropic drug use; to the best of our knowledge there is no autoimmune hemolytic anemia case due to quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotics, in literature. We hereby describe the first child case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia during quetiapine treatment.We also are pointing out that one should keep in mind serious hematological side effects with atypical antipsychotic drug use with this case report.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the insemination method on the outcomes of elective blastocyst culture. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of elective blastocyst culture performed between January 2011 and December 2014. Results: There were 2,003 cycles of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and 336 cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), including 25,652 and 4,164 embryos that underwent sequential blastocyst culture, respectively. No significant differences were found in the female patients' age, basal follicle-stimulating hormone level, basal luteinizing hormone level, body mass index, number of oocytes, maturity rate, fertilization rate, or good-quality embryo rate. However, the blastocyst formation rate and embryo utilization rate were significantly higher in the conventional IVF group than in the ICSI group (54.70% vs. 50.94% and 51.09% vs. 47.65%, respectively, p<0.05). The implantation/pregnancy rate (IVF, 50.93%; ICSI, 55.10%), miscarriage rate (IVF, 12.57%; ICSI, 16.29%), and live birth rate (IVF, 42.12%; ICSI, 44.08%) were similar (p>0.05). No cycles were canceled due to the formation of no usable blastocysts. Conclusion: Although the fertilization method had no effect on clinical outcomes, the blastocyst formation rate and embryo utilization rate in the ICSI group were significantly lower than those observed in the conventional IVF group. Therefore, more care should be taken when choosing to perform blastocyst culture in ICSI patients.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2006

의사 표현 능력이 떨어지는 소아들은 질병 발생시 이를 효과적으로 자신의 불편함을 표현할 방법이 없다. 따라서 임상의들은 소아 환자의 부모들로부터 문진(inquiring)을 통해 질병 진단을 하고 있는 것이 현 실정이며 이는 잘못된 진단 결과를 초래 할 수 있는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 인체 오장 육부의 생체 신호가 안면과 음성에 반영되어 나타난다는 한방 원리를 이용하여 소아 망진, 소아 청진 기기를 개발한다. 그 결과 진단시 임상의들의 직관을 시각화, 객관화, 정량화하여 소아 질병 진단의 정확성을 기하고자 한다. 본 논문은 전체 개발 시스템 중 그 첫 번째 작업 수행 결과로서 소아 망진의 경우 색상 보정, YCbCr 적용과 살색 영역 선정 그리고 오관 및 명당 추출 방법 등을 개발한다. 또한 소아 청진의 경우 피치, 강도, 포먼트 분석을 통해 영아 산통 질병의 울음소리 특성을 수치화하였으며 이를 통해 임상의들의 직관을 객관화한다. 끝으로 실험에 의해 제안한 방법의 유용성을 입증한다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2020

Objectives: Our study aimed to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents during their first visit to psychiatric outpatient departments for the management of suicidal ideation and behavior, and to compare the changes before and in 2012 or later. Methods: This multicenter study was conducted at five university hospitals in a metropolitan area in South Korea. Medical records of patients aged 6-18 years were retrospectively reviewed from January 2009 to December 2016. Patients were analyzed by classifying them into suicidal and non-suicidal groups based on their visit to the hospital for management of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt and other mental problems, respectively. Results: There were differences in the year of visit, diagnosis, education level, and referral sources between patients in the suicidal and non-suicidal groups. Multiple regression analysis was conducted based on the sex, education level, referral by school, and diagnosis of depression in patients in the suicidal group, which revealed significant association. Conclusion: Suicide-related problems were significantly associated with the sex, education level, referral by school, and a diagnosis of depression in the patients. A well-connected referral system would be necessary for professional mental health management of high-risk children and adolescents.