• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.309-315
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• 1990

The present experiment was done to identify newcastle disease virus(NDV) antigens in frozen sections of various oragns from experimentally NDV-infected with indirect immunoperoxidase method. Section were incubated with rabbit anti-NDV polyclonal as first antibody, followed by incubation with goat anti-rabbit or protein A peroxidase conjugate. Positive reactions were often detected in the epithelium of trachea and in the lymphocyte of spleen at 24 hours after virus inoculation. the viral antigen was localized mainly in the cytoplasm of infected cells. The method approved to be highly specific for the identification of NDV and allowed a precise localization of the viral antigens in infected cells.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 1994

The studies were carried out to diagnose of disease chickens that were raised at the chicken farms located in Chung -nam province and evaluated potential of mold growth inhibition of antifungal agent, Mold-X. The diseased 25 chickens that were shown clinical sign such as anorexia, respiratory symptoms, were suspected aspergillosis. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. The diseased thickens were diagnosed aspergillosis according to clinical sign, pathological finding, isolation of etiological agent. 2. The growth of mold was conciderable inhibited by the Mold-X of 300 ppm level.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2007

Avian adenoviruses are diverse group of pathogens and recently hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS) Is an important, emerged disease of poultry. Particularly 2-3 weeks old age broilers increased mortality ranging from 20-30% and brown native chicken 3-7 weeks sudden onset with mortality 20-50%, typically development secondary infection. The infection chicken shows liver enlarged, pale and straw- colored fluid is present in the sac surrounding the heart. Histopathological positive samples have necrotic foci and basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the hepatocytes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was useful for detect the fowl adenovirus (FAV) associated with HHS.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.565-573
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• 1998

To study the specific tools for the diagnosis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chicken, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its presumable conditions were evaluated for the detection of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene of NDV RNA. For these purposes, Kyojeongwon strain of the NDV was propagated in allantoic cavity of SPF embryonating chicken eggs, and viral RNA was extracted from fractionated virus after the allantoic fluids were ultracentrifuged with sucrose gradient. The first-strand cDNA was then made for the HN gene of NDV RNA by reverse transcription at $42^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour using specific primer complementary to the HN gene. The single-stranded cDNA was used as template in the PCR of the HN-DNA, and various conditions of the PCR were evaluated to set up method for the specific detection of the HN-DNA. The PCR conditions promising for the detection of HN gene consist of preheating at $94^{\circ}C$, 5 min, 30 cycles of denaturation at $94^{\circ}C$, 1 min, annealing at $55^{\circ}C$, 1 min and polymerization at $72^{\circ}C$, 2 min, and a cycle of extension at $72^{\circ}C$, 5 min. when NDVs of allantoic fluids without fractionation were applied to the above PCR condition, the HN genes were detected effectively not only from Kyojeongwon but from other velogenic strains such as Herts and a field isolate.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.406-415
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• 2011

Recent studies have shown that high consumption of processed meat may be associated with increasing risk of metabolic syndrome, which have been suggested as a predictor of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, limited studies have investigated this association in Korean population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional association between processed meat/unprocessed (beef, pork, chicken) intakes and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Using data from 2007-2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), we analyzed data including 5,545 men and women who were aged older than 20 years, and who were free of chronic disease such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Subjects who frequently consumed processed meat tended to be younger and more likely to be current smokers. In addition, men were more likely to consume processed meat than women. Although higher processed/unprocessed meat intakes were significantly associated with the lower risk of metabolic syndrome in a crude model, these associations were no longer significant after adjustment for potential confounding factors. For example, comparing subjects in the highest intake quartile of processed meat with the lowest intake group, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of metabolic syndrome was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.58-1.46) for processed meat, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.76-1.56) for beef, 1.10 (95% CI: 0.74-1.62) for pork and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.51-1.12) for chicken. In conclusion, we found no evidence of any adverse effects of frequent processed or unprocessed meat intakes on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Korean adults at the exposure levels seen in this study.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2011

국내 도축장 및 도축장 출하 닭을 대상으로 NDV 오염 실태를 조사하였다. 조사결과, 닭출하농장, 닭수송용차량, 도축장 현수실, 도축장 냉각수에서 각각 조사 대상건수의 13.0%, 13.3%, 16.0%, 10.8%에서 NDV가 분리되었다. 시기별로 보면 차량, 현수실, 냉각수 모두에서 7월에 가장 많이 바이러스가 분리되었다. Pathotyping RT-PCR을 실시한 결과, 이들 분리된 NDV 분리주는 모두 저병원성 NDV 양성 반응을 나타내었으며, F 단백질 분절 부위에 모두 $^{112}GKQGR/L^{117}$ motif를 가지고 있었다. 본 연구에서 분리된 NDV 분리주의 F 단백질 유전자를 분석하여 보았을 때, 조사한 NDV 분리주 25주 중 24주가 NDV V4주와 같은 유전적 cluster를 형성하였으며, 나머지 1주는 NDV Ulster 2C주와 같은 유전적 cluster를 형성하였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과로 보아 국내에서는 출하 닭, 수송 차량, 현수실, 냉각수 등 생산에서 도축 단계까지 일련의 과정에서 높은 빈도로 저병원성 NDV 오염이 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2008

Recently, the major viral diseases, Newcastle disease (ND), infectious bronchitis (IB), low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), avian pneumovirus infection (APV), Marek's disease (MD) and infectious bursal disease (IBD), have led to huge economic losses in chicken industry of Korea. To evaluate prevalence of the major viral disease infections in broiler breeder and broiler farms, epidemiological survey has been conducted in Jeonbuk province from 2005 to 2007 by serological ELISA test for APV, PCR for MD, and RT-PCR for ND, IB, LPAI and IBD, respectively. A total of 424 cases was submitted to our laboratory for diagnosis of the major viral disease from broiler breeder and broiler farms in the above period. The diagnosed results were analysed for the detection rate of infections on basis of years, seasons and ages, respectively. This study was showed that the detection rates of ND and APV were considerably high for every years regardless of seasons and ages in both broiler breeder and commercial broiler. In comparison with detection rates of ND and APV, IB and LPAI were lower but detected around 10% for every years. Especially, detection rate of IB was significantly high in commercial broiler than in broiler breeder. Therefore, to minimize economic losses for broiler breeder and broiler farms, it will need for effective countermeasures to decrease detection rate of the viral respiratory diseases. Although the detection rates of MD and IBD were gradually decreased from 2005 to 2007 in both broiler breeder and commercial broiler, it will continually make an effort about disease control for increasing productivity in chicken industry.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2011

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the most common glomerular diseases that affect children. Renal histology reveals the presence of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) in more than 80% of these patients. Most patients with MCNS have favorable outcomes without complications. However, a few of these children have lesions of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, suffer from severe and prolonged proteinuria, and are at high risk for complications. Complications of NS are divided into two categories: disease-associated and drug-related complications. Disease-associated complications include infections (e.g., peritonitis, sepsis, cellulitis, and chicken pox), thromboembolism (e.g., venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism), hypovolemic crisis (e.g., abdominal pain, tachycardia, and hypotension), cardiovascular problems (e.g., hyperlipidemia), acute renal failure, anemia, and others (e.g., hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, bone disease, and intussusception). The main pathomechanism of disease-associated complications originates from the large loss of plasma proteins in the urine of nephrotic children. The majority of children with MCNS who respond to treatment with corticosteroids or cytotoxic agents have smaller and milder complications than those with steroid-resistant NS. Corticosteroids, alkylating agents, cyclosporin A, and mycophenolate mofetil have often been used to treat NS, and these drugs have treatment-related complications. Early detection and appropriate treatment of these complications will improve outcomes for patients with NS.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the difficulties that Korean farmers and processors currently experience with respect to the market for Korean native chicken (KNC). This study also provides suggestions by which they can overcome these difficulties. In all, sixty-nine farmers and sixty-two processors participated in our investigation, which addressed 1) the current difficulties that KNC farmers face, 2) the current importance-satisfaction measures among KNC farmers and processors, and 3) the future direction of the KNC market: farmer and processor opinions. The respondents stated that the limited number of sales stores was the most difficult market condition they faced in raising KNC, followed by feed cost, animal disease, and poor production environment. Regarding issues of importance and satisfaction, origin in raising step and slaughtering in the processing and distribution step were considered the areas most in urgent need of improvement, given farmers' and processors' high levels of dissatisfaction with these. Both the free-range farming system and the concept of animal welfare are growing in importance, given consumers' interests in these areas. As to opinions on the direction of KNC development, menu development was cited as most important, followed by public advertisement, accessibilities, business aid, and breed development. Consequently, the results show that well-organized support from both the government and related industries is needed, as chicken farmers and processors cannot resolve certain limitations inherent in the KNC industry on their own.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

Campylobacteriosis is a common cause of gastrointestinal disease. In this study, we suggest a general strategy of applying gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in colorimetric biosensors to detect Campylobacter in chicken carcass. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized for the amplification of the target genes, and the thiolated PCR products were collected. Following the blending of colloid AuNPs with PCR products, the thiol bound to the surface of AuNPs, forming AuNP-PCR products. The PCR products had a sufficient negative charge, which enabled AuNPs to maintain a dispersed formation under electrostatic repulsion. This platform presented a color change as AuNPs aggregate. It did not need additional time and optimization of pH for PCR amplicons to adhere to the AuNPs. The specificity of AuNPs of modified primer pairs for mapA from Campylobacter jejuni and ceuE from Campylobacter coli was activated perfectly (C. jejuni, p-value: 0.0085; C. coli, p-value: 0.0239) when compared to Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli as non-Campylobacter species. Likewise, C. jejuni was successfully detected from artificially contaminated chicken carcass samples. According to the sensitivity test, at least 15 ng/μL of Campylobacter PCR products or 1×10³ CFU/mL of cells in the broth was needed for the detection using the optical method.