Kim, Seon-Ok;Rudowicz, Czeslaw;Lee, Soo-Hyung;Yu, Seong-Cho
Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
/
v.5
no.5
/
pp.782-785
/
1995
In this paper, $Mn^{2+}$ ion was doped in Y-Ba-Cu-O as an EPR probe. The following samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method : $YBa_{2}Cu_{2.96}Mn_{0.04}O_{7-\delta}$ (MN-I), annealed $YBa_{2}Cu_{2.96}Mn_{0.04}O_{7-\delta}$ (AMN) and $YBa_{2}Cu_{2.94}Mn_{0.06}O_{7-\delta}$ (MN-II). AMN sample was obtained from MN-I by annealing for 1 hr under the Ar gas atmosphere at $600^{\circ}C$. X-band (~9.05 GHz) EPR spectra were measured from 103 K to room temperature by employing a JES-RE3X spectroscopy with a $TE_{0.11}$ cylindrical cavity and 100 kHz modulation frequency. In MN-I we have observed only the $Cu^{2+}$ signal. The fact that no $Mn^{2+}$ signal was observed, in spite of $Mn^{2+}$ being a very sensitive EPR probe, indicates that most likely isolated $Mn^{2+}$ ions don't exist in the MN-I sample. Most probably $Mn^{2+}$ ions in the MN-I sample interact antiferromagnetically and hence are EPR silent. The AMN spectra of at room temperature and 103 K indicate not only the $Cu^{2+}$ signal but also an extra signal, which increases with decreasing temperature. It is suggested that the extra signal originates from Mn ions that were antiferromagnetically coupled before the annealing process. In MN-II, from 103 K to room temperature, also, the extra signal was observed together with the $Cu^{2+}$ signal. The extra signal in MN-II, however, decreases with decreasing temperature and nearly disappears at 103 K. The signal originates from Mn ions in impurity phases that include $Mn^{2+}$ ions. We suppose that there exist at least two $Mn^{2+}$ doped phases in Y-Ba-Cu-O. The $Mn^{2+}$ signal of one phase is undectable at all temperature and that of another phase decreases with decreasing temperature and disappears around 103 K.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.19
no.11
/
pp.213-223
/
2018
This study assessed the maintenance plan of the Shimbashi-Toranomon Development Area in Japan, which has recently been completed using the three-dimensional road system. In the main relevant law system, a three-dimensional road system, which enables the construction of buildings above and below the road, was applied. The specific construction regulations applying the financing power and knowledge of private business operators were applied. In the development district, city maintenance guidelines were established, and housing and shopping malls were regulated. This purpose was to promote change, unity of distance, effective use of land, and continuous urban revitalization with charm and vitality. The main features of the maintenance plan were accessibility and greenery, comfort and a sophisticated design, and a maintenance concept utilizing historical buildings and road space through the participation of local residents and the opinions of related committees. In addition, in the case of the construction of the upper and lower roads, the construction restrictions were relaxed, and the separation of the roads and the undergrounding of electric poles were promoted. The main aim was to improve the convenience of the residents and produce a pleasant road landscape.
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.39
no.2
/
pp.233-248
/
2019
This study shows that the Argovian Cantonal School in Aarau, Switzerland, which Albert Einstein attended from 1895 to 1896, had been closely related to the ideological education controversy in German Gymnasium throughout the 19th century. Due to this controversy, Einstein hardly received a formal science education in Bavaria. Despite the lack of formal education in Germany, he had a habit of self-studying from an early age and continued with this practice all through his life. He had a hard time at the authoritarian school in Munich, but at the democratic school in Aarau, where freedom and autonomy were secured, he was able to achieve emotional stability. For a long time, the city Aarau prevailed as a location of tolerance and multi-culturalism, without religious, regional, and national discrimination. This was possible due to the influence of external and unrestricted social mobility, as well as the Enlightenment from France. As a result, this small public school was able to acquire a mass of qualified human resources from outside of Switzerland. As a consequence of the controversy regarding the educational ideology, the Cantonal School adopted practical thoughts and the Enlightenment that fit the spirit of the times. The school consisted of two independent educational organizations: the Gymnasium, where the 'neuhumanistsch' education for the elite training was conducted, and the 'Gewerbeschule', where a more realistic education system was set up to suit the citizen life. In particular, after 1835, the Gymnasium changed gradually from the pure humanistic education to the 'utraquistisch' ways by introducing practical subjects such as natural history. Thereafter, the Cantonal School became an institution that was able to achieve a genuine humanity, academic, and civic life education. Einstein, who attended the 'technische Abteilung' of the 'Gewerbeschule,' considered this school as a role model of an institution that realized true democracy, and that left an unforgettable impression on him.
Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
/
v.39
no.4
/
pp.77-84
/
2021
This paper attempted to examine the value of private house garden as a historical garden among local cultural heritages remaining in Chungcheong-do Province. To this end, the following conclusions were drawn through the framework of value analysis in which the contents of Ji Cheng's Yuanye of China, Tachibana Toshitsuna's Sakuteiki in Japan, and HISTORIC GARDENS THE FLORENCE CHARTER 1981 were applied to target sites. First, local cultural heritage belong to unregistered cultural heritage, and a total of 616 local cultural heritages in Chungcheong-do Province were identified, and Cheongju City possesses the largest number of local cultural heritages. Most of the local cultural heritages are distributed in ancient capital or adjacent to it, and five of the local heritages are related to historical garden. Second, the target sites were old houses constructed during the Joseon Dynasty with a long history, and although there were few changes in spatial division, the scale of some gardens and outer yard spaces was reduced due to urban planning, etc. Third, the target site is Sangjihapui(相地合宜) and Inchacheui(因借體宜) in location and space division, so the space is divided according to the surrounding terrain and the landscape is naturally drawn to construct a garden. Fourth, the garden of the target site has a structural value of a garden that is Jeongihapui(精而合宜) and Gyoideukche(巧而得體) as it is subtle and naturally constructed with the garden by grasping the surrounding terrain. Fifth, for the continuous preservation of historical garden, it is necessary to strengthen the already enacted local cultural heritage ordinance, and to establish a documentary project for each spatial component and a plan for climate change.
Kim, Ji Eun;Kim, Min Ji;Choi, Sijung;Lee, Joo-Heon;Kim, Tae-Woong
Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
/
v.55
no.8
/
pp.589-601
/
2022
Although drought is a natural phenomenon, its damage occurs in combination with regional physical and social factors. Especially, related to the supply and demand of various waters, drought causes great socio-economic damage. Even meteorological droughts occur with similar severity, its impact varies depending on the regional characteristics and water supply system. Therefore, this study assessed regional drought risk considering regional socio-economic factors and water supply system. Drought hazard was assessed by grading the joint drought management index (JDMI) which represents water shortage. Drought vulnerability was assessed by weighted averaging 10 socio-economic factors using Entropy, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). Drought response capacity that represents regional water supply factors was assessed by employing Bayesian networks. Drought risk was determined by multiplying a cubic root of the hazard, vulnerability, and response capacity. For the drought hazard meaning the possibility of failure to supply water, Goesan-gun was the highest at 0.81. For the drought vulnerability, Daejeon was most vulnerable at 0.61. Considering the regional water supply system, Sejong had the lowest drought response capacity. Finally, the drought risk was the highest in Cheongju-si. This study identified the regional drought risk and vulnerable causes of drought, which is useful in preparing drought mitigation policy considering the regional characteristics in the future.
The present study investigated the sounds at 13 points in the four districts in Cheongju including commercial district, historic district, urban walking district and university campus in order to realize the soundscape of the city. In order to this, questionnaire survey was conducted to 65 citizens and 5 acoustic experts on sites to find both sound loudness and annoyance of each district. At the same time, information about loud, unpleasant, preferred and representative sound of each district were acquired by selecting three from 35 sounds which consist of natural, artificial and machinery sounds. As a result, it was found that there is a very close correlation between sound loudness and annoyance. Through the analysis of sounds at each district, it was revealed that machinery sounds dominate in commercial area as figure sound, It was also shown that artificial and natural sounds dominate in historic area, artificial sounds in both urban area and university campus respectively. Laboratory listening tests were undertaken to 20 people using recorded sounds and video captured on site. The results denote that machinery and artificial sounds are regarded as most loud, machinery sounds as most unpleasant, natural and artificial sounds as most pleasant which shows similar tendency of on-site evaluation.
The present study aims to investigate the difference of soundscape evaluation results from on-site field test and laboratory test which are commonly used for soundscape surveys. In order to do this, both field and lab tests were carried out at four different areas in Cheongju city. On-site questionnaire surveys were undertaken to 65 people at 13 points. Laboratory listening tests were carried out to 48 adults using recorded sounds and video. Laboratory tests were undertaken to two different groups who had experience of field survey or not. Also, two different sound reproduction tools, headphones and speakers, were used in laboratory tests. As a result, it was found that there is a very close correlation between sound loudness and annoyance in both field and laboratory tests. However, it was concluded that there must be a difference in recognizing the figure sounds between field and laboratory tests since it is hard to apprehend on-site situation only using visual and aural information provided in laboratory tests. In laboratory tests, it was shown that there is a some difference in perceived most loud figure sounds in two groups using headphones and speakers. Also, it was analyzed that there is a tendency that field experienced people recognize the figure sounds using their experienced memory while non-experienced people can not perceive the figure sounds.
Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
/
v.35
no.2
/
pp.91-110
/
2023
This study aimed to develop and implement a home economics education program with a travel theme for middle school students and investigate whether it improves their subjective well-being. The ADDIE design model was used to develop and implement the home economics education program titled 'Happiness Travel with You and I'. The program consisted of six sessions focusing on time management, dietary life, and housing life. The 'Happiness Travel with You and I' program was implemented for first-year male and female students at middle school B in Cheongju City. The results revealed that the program reduced negative emotions in adolescents and positively influenced their perception of the value of life. Students rated the program highly in terms of satisfaction with class content, class interest, and recognition of the importance of the class. This study is significant as it is the first attempt to test the effect of a travel-themed home economics education program and suggests the expansion and promotion of travel and leisure education in the field of home economics education.
Seo, Young-Ai;Park, Hee-Soung;Gil, Jihye;Kim, Jung-Hwa;Lee, Sang Min;Choi, Hyeyoung
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
/
v.51
no.1
/
pp.85-97
/
2023
Seoul Boramae Park was opened on May 5, 1986, after the Republic of Korea Air Force Academy relocated to Cheongju City in 1985. This study aims to examine the birth and evolution of Seoul Boramae Park and diagnose the park's value being transformed from the former site of the Air Force Academy. Policy reports and newspaper data were analyzed as a research method, focusing on Seoul public records. The study results are as follows. First, Seoul Boramae Park is a large-scale park created before the policy for parks on relocated sites we enacted. Second, Seoul Boramae Park has historical value as an urban park where memories and traces of the Air Force Academy overlap. Third, Seou Boramae Park contributed to regional change by promoting the public value of parks created on the relocated sites with an urban planning method. Seoul Boramae Park has implications for Korean landscape history as a case of securing large green areas in Seoul and presenting its function and roles as a park created on a relocated site.
This study explored the changes in the elementary science teaching expertise of teachers who participated in an in-school professional learning community for elementary science instructional research. Six elementary school teachers from grades 4, 5, and 6 at an 18-class S elementary school in a medium-sized city in Chungcheongbuk-do conducted collaborative instructional research on elementary science lessons as part of an in-school professional learning community, which was held 26 times over 7 months in 2020. During the professional learning community, video and audio recordings of the activities, research lessons, course materials, and professional learning community reflection activities were collected for analysis. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative research methods; data processing, reading, note-taking, description, classification, interpretation, reporting, and visualization; and the instructional professionalism elements were extracted based on the instructional professionalism framework. In the early professional learning community activity stages, the participating teachers first discussed their teaching perspectives, their experiences, and their goals for teaching science, which resulted in a selection of research questions. The teachers then collaboratively designed and implemented research lessons for each grade level, after which lesson reflections were conducted. The teachers' abilities to engage in qualitative reflection on the research questions improved after each reflection iteration. It was found that this professional learning community collaborative lesson study experience positively contributed to teaching expertise development. Based on the study findings, the implications for using professional learning communities to improve elementary teachers' science teaching expertise are given.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.