• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chemical imaging

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Synthesis and In vivo Evaluation of 5-Methoxy-2-(phenylethynyl)quinoline (MPEQ) and [11C]MPEQ Targeting Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5)

  • Kim, Ji Young;Son, Myung-Hee;Choi, Kihang;Baek, Du-Jong;Ko, Min Kyung;Lim, Eun Jeong;Pae, Ae Nim;Keum, Gyochang;Lee, Jae Kyun;Cho, Yong Seo;Choo, Hyunah;Lee, Youn Woo;Moon, Byung Seok;Lee, Byung Cheol;Lee, Ho-Young;Min, Sun-Joon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.8
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    • pp.2304-2310
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    • 2014
  • The synthesis and in vivo evaluation of 5-methoxy-2-(phenylethynyl)quinoline (MPEQ) 3 as a potential mGluR5 selective radioligand is described. We have identified MPEQ 3 exhibiting the analgesic effect in the neuropathic pain animal model. The effect of mGluR5 on neuronal activity in rat brain was evaluated through FDG/PET imaging in the presence of MPEQ 3. In addition, the PET study of [$^{11}C$]MPEQ 3 proved that accumulation of [$^{11}C$]MPEQ 3 in rat brain was correlated to the localization of the mGluR5.

Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with a Method of Double Ligation in a Dog (개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예)

  • Yoon, Heo-Young;Jung, Soon-Wook;Park, Hee-Myung;Park, Chul;Jung, Man-Bok;Kim, Jun-Young;Han, Hyun-Jung;Hwang, Min;No, Byung-Guk;Park, Sang-Hyuk;Jang, Ha-Young;Park, Jung-Yoon
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.72-75
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    • 2004
  • A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary leaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 UR.), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasohographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Living Cell Using Fluorescent Chemosensor (형광화학센서를 이용한 살아있는 세포 내에서의 중금속이온검출)

  • Kwon, Pil-Seung;Kim, Jin-Kyung;Kim, Jong-Wan
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.54 no.4
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    • pp.451-459
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    • 2010
  • The fluorescence detection of intracellular metal ions are high interest in the fields of organic molecular chemistry and cellular biology. This study was purposed to detection for mercury and zinc in the cell using fluorescent chemosensor (FS). FS exhibits a weak fluorescence, but emits strong fluorescence upon Zn$^{2+}$ complexation. The increased fluorescence of the 2FS/Zn$^{2+}$ can be quenched completely by addition of only 1 equiv of Hg$^{2+}$ with the formation of complex FS-Hg$^{2+}$. Four cell lines (LLC-MK2, Hela, HT29 and AMC-HN3) were used for fluorescence imaging by confocal microscope. The cell viability MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was evaluated after cell treatment of FS, Zn$^{2+}$, FS-Zn$^{2+}$, Hg$^{2+}$ on LLC-MK2 cell line. The cytotoxicity of FS was showed to viability over 80%. This study has shown that FS can be detected for selective imaging of Zn$^{2+}$ and Hg$^{2+}$ in living cells.

Preparation of Biopolymer coated Magnetite And Magnetic Biopolymer Microsphere Particles for Medical Application (의학적 응용을 위한 생체 고분자로 피복 된 자성 나노 입자와 미소구체의 제조)

  • Ko, Sang-Gil;Cho, Jun-Hee;Ahn, Yang-kyu;Song, Ki-Chang;Choi, Eun-Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.221-227
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    • 2006
  • We have synthesized uniform nanometer sized magnetite particles using chemical coprecipitation technique through a sonochemical method with surfactant such as oleic acid. Magnetite phase nanoparticles could be observed from X-ray diffraction. Magnetite nanoparticles is surface phase morphology and biopolymer-microspheres for Application Medical. Magnetite nanoparticles coated biopolymer. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used to image the coated nanoparticles. Magnetic colloid suspensions containing particles with sodium oleate, chitosan and $\beta$-glucan have been prepared. The morphology of the magnetic biopolymer microsphere particles were characterized using optical microscope. Magnetic hysteresis measurement were performed using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer at room temperature to investigate the magnetic properties of the biopolymer microspheres and magnetite coated biopolymer including magnetite nanoparticles. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging was used to investigate biopolymer coated nanoparticles and biopolymer microspheres.

Single Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in 3 Dogs: CT Findings and Progress (3마리의 개에서 발생한 단일 간외성 문맥전신 단락 증례)

  • Lee, Hee-Chun;Ji, Chang-Moo;Moon, Jong-Hyun;Cho, Kyu-Woan;Kim, Young-Ki;Kang, Byeong-Teck;Jung, Dong-In
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.488-493
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    • 2012
  • Two Maltese (2-year-old, intact female and 4-month-old, intact female) and a Pekingese (10-year-old, intact male) dogs were referred due to vomiting, anorexia, head-pressing and hypersalivation. Physical examinations, complete blood count, serum chemical analysis, radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were evaluated. Laboratory findings in these dogs included high hepatic enzyme, serum bile acid and ammonia concentration. Microhepatia was found on abdominal radiographs in two dogs. The existence of portosystemic shunt was presented in abdominal ultrasonography. The shunt vessel was identified in all dogs by CT imaging. Based on three-dimensional CT reconstruction, the origin and termination of each shunt vessel were defined certainly. In consequence, each dog was diagnosed single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. After diagnosis, surgical treatment was performed in all dogs. This case report describes clinical finding, imaging characteristics, and three-dimensional CT imaging of single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt cases.

$Site-Specific^{99m}$Tc-Labeling of Antibody Using Dihydrazinoph-thalazine (DHZ) Conjugation to Fc Region of Heavy Chain

  • Jeong, Jae-Min;Lee, Jae-Tae;Paik, Chang-Hum;Kim, Dae-Kee;Lee, Dong-Soo;Chung, June-Key;Lee, Myung-Chul
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.27 no.9
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    • pp.961-967
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    • 2004
  • The development of an antibody labeling method with $^{99m}$Tc is important for cancer imaging. Most bifunctional chelate methods for $^{99m}$Tc labeling of antibody incorporate a $^{99m}$Tc chelator through a linkage to lysine residue. In the present study, a novel site-specific $^{99m}$Tc labeling method at carbohydrate side chain in the Fc region of 2 antibodies (T101 and rabbit anti-human serum albumin antibody (RPAb)) using dihydrazinophthalazine (DHZ) which has 2 hydrazino groups was developed. The antibodies were oxidized with sodium periodate to pro-duce aldehyde on the Fc region. Then, one hydrazine group of DHZ was conjugated with an aldehyde group of antibody through the formation of a hydrazone. The other hydrazine group was used for labeling with $^{99m}$Tc. The number of conjugated DHZ was 1.7 per antibody. $^{99m}$Tc labeling efficiency was 46-85% for T101 and 67∼87% for RPAb. Indirect labeling with DHZ conjugated antibodies showed higher stability than direct labeling with reduced antibodies. High immunoreactivities were conserved for both indirectly and directly labeled antibodies. A biodistribution study found high blood activity related to directly labeled T1 01 at early time point as well as low liver activity due to indirectly labeled T101 at later time point. However, these findings do not affect practical use. No significantly different biodistribution was observed in the other organs. The research concluded that DHZ can be used as a site-specific bifunctional chelating agent for labeling antibody with $^{99m}$Tc. Moreover, $^{99m}$Tc labeled antibody via DHZ was found to have excellent chemical and biological properties for nuclear medicine imaging.edicine imaging.

Hyperspectral Imaging Information System for Analyzing the Urchin Barren Phenomenon to Ensure the Safety of Seaweed-Derived Biomass (해조류 유래 바이오매스 안전성 확보를 위한 갯녹음 현상 분석 초분광영상 정보 시스템)

  • Yong-Suk Kim;Sang-Mok Chang
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.175-187
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    • 2024
  • Seaweeds are widely distributed along national coastlines around the world, and the biomass derived from them is an important marine biological organism. Seaweed is a crucial component of a healthy marine ecosystem. However, changes in marine environments have led to the occurrence of urchin barrens, and the damage caused by this phenomenon is steadily increasing. As a result, investigations into the distribution and spread of urchin barrens in the coastal areas of South Korea are being conducted regularly so efficient detection technologies are essential. One of the technologies that can swiftly and accurately analyze extensive areas is detection technology based on hyperspectral image information systems. This study aims to present the latest hyperspectral imaging technology for investigating the current status of urchin barrens and the methods for classifying this technology, including principles, preprocessing techniques, and correction methods. This study also proposes a classification technique for urchin barrens along the coast of Jeju Island that uses hyperspectral images and categorizes the urchin barrens into initial, intermediate, and advanced stages. The results showed that approximately 17.5% of the experimental areas were in the advanced stage. Based on this, various management and restoration methods tailored to different categories of urchin barren can be proposed.

In situ UHV TEM studies on nanobubbles in graphene liquid cells

  • Shin, Dongha;Park, Jong Bo;Kim, Yong-Jin;Kim, Sang Jin;Kang, Jin Hyoun;Lee, Bora;Cho, Sung-Pyo;Novoselov, Konstantin S.;Hong, Byung Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2016.02a
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    • pp.102-102
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    • 2016
  • Water, which is most abundant in Earth surface and very closely related to all forms of living organisms, has a simple molecular structure but exhibits very unique physical and chemical properties. Even though tremendous effort has been paid to understand this nature's core substance, there amazingly still lefts much room for scientist to explore its novel behaviors. Especially, as the scale goes down to nano-regime, water shows extraordinary properties that are not observable in bulk state. One of such interesting features is the formation of nanoscale bubbles showing unusual long-term stability. Nanobubbles can be spontaneously formed in water on hydrophobic surface or by decompression of gas-saturated liquid. In addition, the nanobubbles can be generated during electrochemical reaction at normal hydrogen electrode (NHE), which possibly distorts the standard reduction potential at NHE as the surface nanobubble screens the reaction with electrolyte solution. However, the real-time evolution of these nanobubbles has been hardly studied owing to the lack of proper imaging tools in liquid phase at nanoscale. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that the behaviors of nanobubbles can be visualized by in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM), utilizing graphene as liquid cell membrane. The results indicate that there is a critical radius that determines the long-term stability of nanobubbles. In addition, we find two different pathways of nanobubble growth: i) Ostwald ripening of large and small nanobubbles and ii) coalescence of similar-sized nanobubbles. We also observe that the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles and the self-assembly of biomolecules are catalyzed at the nanobubble interface. Our finding is expected to provide a deeper insight to understand unusual chemical, biological and environmental phenomena where nanoscale gas-state is involved.

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Change of Calcium Carbonate Crystal Size at steady state in CMSMPR(Continuous Mixed Suspension Mixed Produce Removal) Crystallizer (연속식결정화기 정상상태에서 탄산칼슘 결정크기 변화)

  • Han, Hyun Kak
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.7
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    • pp.714-719
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    • 2017
  • The controlled synthesis of inorganic materials with a specific size and morphology is an important factor in the development of new materials in many fields, such as nanoparticles, medicine, electronics, semiconductors, pharmaceutical sand cosmetics. Solution crystallization is one of the most widely used separation processes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Calcium carbonate has attracted a great deal of attention in industry because of its numerous applications. The mean crystal size, crystal size distribution and morphology are important factors in the continuous crystallization process. In this study, the continuous crystallization of calcium carbonate by the calcium chloride process was investigated. The mean crystal size and crystal size distribution data were obtained by a particle size analyzer. The morphological imaging of the crystalswasper formed by SEM. Under steady state operation, the mean crystal size change was small, but increasing the input concentration and mixing rate increased the crystal size. In this operation, some aragonite was found, but the main crystal phase was calcite.

Preparation and Characterizations of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(ε-caprolactone) Block Copolymer Nanoparticles

  • Choi, Chang-Yong;Chae, Su-Young;Kim, Tai-Hyoung;Jang, Mi-Kyeong;Cho, Chong-Su;Nah, Jae-Woon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.523-528
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    • 2005
  • Diblock copolymers with different poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) (PCL) block lengths were synthesized by ringopening polymerization of $\varepsilon$-caprolactone in the presence of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-OH, MW 2000) as initiator. The self-aggregation behaviors of the diblock copolymer nanoparticle, prepared by the diafiltration method, were investigated by using $^1H$ NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The PEG-PCL block copolymers formed the nano-sized self-aggregate in an aqueous environment by intrsa- and/or intermolecular association between hydrophobic PCL chains. The critical aggregation concentrations (cac) of the block copolymer self-aggregate became lower with increasing hydrophobic PCL block length. On the other hand, reverse trends of mean hydrodynamic diameters were measured by DLS owing to the increasing bulkiness of the hydrophobic chains and hydrophobic interaction between the PCL microdomains. The hydrodynamic diameters of the block copolymer nanoparticles, measured by DLS, were in the range of 65-270 nm. Furthermore, the size of the nanoparticles was scarcely affected by the concentration of the block copolymers in the range of 0.125-5 mg/mL owing to the negligible interparticular aggregation between the self-aggregated nanoparticles. Considered with the fairly low cac and nanoparticle stability, the PEG-PCL nanoparticles can be considered a potential candidate for biomedical applications such as drug carrier or imaging agent.