• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2015

When accidents that relate to a large numbers of people occur, such as disasters involving group tours by ship or aircraft, or large-scale chemical leakages, it is very important to know the personal identification of victims and to determine their locations and status. It is true that there will be serious damage or injury to people who engaged especially when information does not transfer properly or people get inaccurate one. In this study, therefore, we analysed the disaster response management system for rescued people of the Sewo ferry sinking accident. Based on the analysis we proposed to improve the real-time disaster management system with ICT(Information & Communication Technology).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.39-44
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• 2018

Dust explosions are occurring in a variety of industries. A dust explosion caused by a specific energy generates huge amount of energy in the ignition and releases decomposition gas. Damages can be increased since this released decomposition gas can cause second and subsequent explosions. In this study, the goal was to obtain practical information on what could affect the explosion by comparing the characteristics of two kinds of dusts with completely different chemical properties. Three kinds of dusts were measured and evaluated for explosion pressure, dust explosion index, explosion limit and minimum ignition energy. It is possible to grasp the characteristics of each dust and use it as useful accident prevention data in the production of raw material powder.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2017

Recently, as the number of safety accidents caused by reagents increases, researches on a system that can reduce safety accidents are underway. Existing systems managed reagent cabinet through various sensors. On the other hand, there are disadvantages in that countermeasures against simultaneous danger situations are insufficient at multi-reagents cabinet. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a system to manage the reagents cabinet through danger priority. Danger priorities are selected through domestic chemical accident cases and the Chemical Safety Management Act. If a danger situation occurs in the reagent cabinet, make sure it is from a single or multiple reagent cabinets. For multiple reagent cabinets, compare the reagent cabinet priorities and run the device sequentially from the reagent cabinet with the highest priority. Thus, by operating the device according to the danger priority, the chain reaction can be prevented in advance and the reagent cabinet can be safely managed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2017

Calculation of the damage impact of chemical accidents is an important element in site, and the initial isolation distance and the protective action distances are significant factors in coping the chemical accident. In this study, three major cities that represent each Province were selected, and the safety distances were calculated considering regional climate conditions. The results were compared with the prescribed values in Emergency Response Guidebook. It is concluded that the regional meteorological conditions such as temperature, vapour pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, and cloud cover should be reflected in estimating the initial isolation distance and the protective action distance.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

We reviewed the scientific literature on psychological effects of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive (CBRNE) disaster, which is one of the biggest threat to modern society. CBRNE disaster has the potential to cause specific physical symptoms and psychological distress in victims ; moreover, various toxic symptoms and carcinogenesis/mutation would be an important issue. Bioterrorism can cause localized outbreaks of infectious disease or pandemic disaster. Somatization as well as posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression are the characteristic psychological symptoms in CBRNE disaster's victims. CBRNE disasters could lead to large-scale public fear and social chaos due to the difficulties involved in verifying the extent of exposure and unfamiliar area to the common people. In the evacuation process, problems associated with adjustment and conflict between victims and residents should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.97-106
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• 1996

Some of accidents are based on unstable chemical substances. These chemicals are easily decomposed or Ignited by heats or mechanical shocks like sodium azide. Sodium azide is commonly used as propellant for inflating automotive safety bags and the other chemical manufacturing purposes. The investigation of thermal hazard potential of sodium azide is very important because unexpected traffic accident can be occureed. The experiments were carried out by DSC, TG an ARC in air, oxygen, argon and nitrogen atmosphere. The decomposition temperatures were about $410^{\circ}C$~$420^{\circ}C$ by DSC and $330^{\circ}C$~$370^{\circ}C$ by ARC, this is very significant result for treatment of chemical. The heats of decomposition were about 81 kcal/mol in ai. and 10 kcal/mol in other atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.47-55
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• 2020

Hazardous materials accidents are not limited to the leakage of the material, but if the early response is not appropriate, it can lead to a fire or an explosion, which increases the scale of the damage. However, as the 4th industrial revolution and the rise of the big data era are being discussed, systematic analysis of hazardous materials accidents based on new techniques has not been attempted, but simple statistics are being collected. In this study, we perform the systematic analysis, using machine learning, on the fire accident data for the past 11 years (2008 ~ 2018), accumulated by the National Fire Service. The analysis results are visualized and presented through text mining analysis, and the possibility of developing a damage-scale prediction model is explored by applying the regression analysis method, using the main factors present in the hazardous materials fire accident data.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 2013

Objectives: The goal of this study is to identify the distribution of the foliar fluorine content of vegetation surrounding the area where hydrofluoric acid was accidently released in Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do on September 27, 2012. In addition, it also aims to estimate the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the air on the day of the accident. Methods: Samples of plant leaves were collected on October 7, 2012 within 1 km from the site where the accident occurred. These samples were analyzed for soluble fluorine ion with an ion selective electrode. The ambient concentration of hydrogen fluoride was calculated using the fluoride content in the plant via the dose-rate equation (${\Delta}F$=KCT). Results: The arithmetic and geometric means of the concentrations were 2158.2 and 1183.7mg F $kg^{-1}$ for leaves and, 2.4 and 1.1 ppm HF for the air, respectively. The highest concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the air was 14.7 ppm, which is higher than the maximum concentration reported by the government (1 ppm) and the exposure limit (ceiling, 3 ppm). The concentrations of both fluorine and hydrogen fluoride decreased with increasing distance from the accident site and showed a significant decrease outside of a 500m radius from the site (p <0.05). Conclusions: The area around the accident site was highly polluted with hydrogen fluoride according to the results of this study. Considering the persistency of hydrogen fluoride in the environment, long-term monitoring and environmental impact assessment should be pursued.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.537-542
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• 2020

Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) has been designed in such a way to reduce accident rates. Unfortunately, existing PPE is rather ineffective as it is not able to provide warning signals when hazard is around. The integration of intelligent systems is envisaged to increase the efficiency of existing PPE. Methods: This project designed a safety vest incorporated with metal detectors which can provide immediate warning to the field workers when there is metal hazard around. This product has greater freedom of design via smart manufacturing as it involves the assembly of few commercially available parts into a single entity. Briefly, the metal detector is a do it yourself (DIY) kit, and the safety vest is purchasable from any local market. The DIY kit was connected to a copper coil and being sewed into the safety vest. Results: The metal detector induces beeping sound when there is metal hazard around. A total of 121 engineering students were introduced to the prototype before being requested to answer a survey associated with the design. Respondents have rated >3.00/5.00 for the design simplicity, ease of usage, and light weight. Meanwhile, respondents suggested that the design should be further improved by increasing the metal detection range. Conclusion: It is envisaged that the introduction of this smart safety vest will allow the workers to carry out their duties securely by reducing the accident rates. Particularly, such design is expected to reduce workplace accident especially during night time at construction sites where the visibility is low.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.4514-4521
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• 2022

In this study, the effects of heat and radiation on the degradation behaviour of fluoroelastomer under simulated normal operation and a severe accident environment were investigated using sequential testing of gamma irradiation and thermal degradation. Tensile properties and Shore A hardness were measured, and thermogravimetric analysis was used to evaluate the degradation behaviour of fluoroelastomer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the structural changes of the fluoroelastomer. Heat and radiation generated in nuclear power plant break and deform the chemical bonds, and fluoroelastomer exposed to these environments have decreased C-H and functional groups that contain oxygen and double bonds such as C-O, C=O and C=C were generated. These functional groups were formed by auto oxidation by reacting free radicals generated from the cleaved bond with oxygen in the atmosphere. In this auto oxidation reaction, crosslinks were generated where bonded to each other, and the mobility of molecules was decreased, and as a result, the fluoroelastomer was hardened. This hardening behaviour occurred more significantly in the severe accident environment than in the normal operation condition, and it was found that thermal stability decreased with the generation of unstable structures by crosslinking.