• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.28-41
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• 1995

We consider the problem of identifying multiple outliers in linear model. The available regression diagnostic methods often do not succeed in detecting multiple outliers because of the masking and swamping effect. Recently, among the various robust estimator of reducing the effect of outliers, LMS(Least Meadian Square) estimator has been to be a suitable method proposed to expose outliers and leverage points. However, as you know it, the data analysis method with LMS estimator is to be taken the median of the squared residuals in the sample which is extracted the sample space. Then this model causes the trouble, for the number of the chosen sample is nCp, i.e. as the size of sample space n is increasing, the number is increasing fastly. And the covariance matrix may be the singular matrix, so that matrix is approching collinearity. Thus we propose a procedure ELMS for the resampling in LMS method and study the size of the effective elementary set in this algorithm.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1993

A gobiid fish, Parioglossus dotui Tomiyama is described from 359 specimens collected at Cheju-do and Pusan, in August 1994 of 1986. This is the first definitive record of the species in the Korean waters. Parioglossus dotui having a small-sized body usually is found swimming in schools. The branchiostegals are 5 in number on each side. It grows up to 40mm in total length. Most of ventral fins are separated and connected with rudimentray membrane. In this species, the lateral line were indistincet or absent. The caudal fin slightly emarginates or truncates in both sexes, with a dark spot at the border of the base. It Inhabits inlet waters and estuaries of rivers. "Deungsul mang-dug" is proposed as Korean name of this species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.207-210
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• 1992

Oral infection of colostrum-deprived, neonatal piglets with porcine enterovirus serotype 3 can result in hepatic lesions with a short incubation period. In the thin section of the affected liver, crystalline arrays of virus particles characteristic of picornavirus were identified in the sinusoid endothelial cells and Kupffer cells. There were also cytoplasmic aggregates of electron- dense, virus-like particles in the hepatocytes. These findings suggest that porcine enterovirus serotype 3 has hepatotropism as well as neurotropism.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1994

The Damselfish, Chromis fumea, was originally described by Tanaka(1917) from Nagasaki, Japan. In the Korean waters, 27 specimens of Chromis fumea(Tanaka) were collected from Cheju-do, on April-August, 1993, and described herewith as new to the Korean fish fauna. Chromis fumea differs from Chromis notatus in having serrate preopercle, no distinctive black spot in pectoral base and caudal fin with a broad blackish band in each lobe. Yeonrnoo-ja-ri-dom is proposed as Korean name of Chromis fumea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 1991

This paper aims to describe the relation between the weather condition, especially typhoon and a shipwreck in Korean waters. For this study, it was investigated the statistical characteristics of a shipwreck due to the weather, pressure patterns governing the shipwreck in Korean waters. and the relation between the intensity of typhoon and the amount of a disaster. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The monthly occurrence frequency of a shipwreck was the heighest in July followed by February, March in descending order. 2) The pressure patterns governing the shipwreck were classified broadly into six types and pressure pattern which had most occurrence frequency of a shipwreck was Type V and then cames Type I, Type III and type IV in that order. 3) Occurence frequency of a shipwreck and the amount of a kinetic energy of typhoon have nothing to do with each other. In case of Wind-Typhoon that brought more a strong wind than a heavy rainfall, there were seriously affected ships and buildings by the wind.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2008

Purpose: This descriptive study was to explore the factors relating to Social Physique Anxiety(SPA) in the adolescent girls(N=700). These factors included the biological(level of school[age], period of menstruation, and BMI), the sociocultural(Influence of Mass Media, [IMM], Stereotype of Ideal Female Body[SIFB], type of school, perceived figure, and ideal figure) and the BW control-related factors(experience of bodyweight [BW] control, satisfaction at the result of BW control, and motive of BW control). Method: The sample was 700 girls of the middle and high schools in Jeju-do. The data was collected by the self-reported questionnaire and processed with the SPSS Win 12.0 program. Result: 26% of the variance in SPA was explained by the biological factors(level of school) and the sociocultural factors (perceived figure, ideal figure, type of school, and IMM). SPA, IMM, and SIFB were significantly correlated with each others(r=1,65-2.92, p<.05). The mean SPA scores according to BW control-related factors were significantly different. Conclusion: This results suggest that media education is necessary to reduce or eliminate the adolescent girl's SPA. In addition, SPA needs to be considered as the important concept for the future nursing researches and interventions related to BW control.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3A
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• pp.290-296
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• 2007

We propose new routing scheme, Cooperative Diversity-based Routing (CDR) which utilizes the cooperative space diversity for power saving and performance enhancement of wireless ad-hoc networks. The improved performance is compared with Multi-hop Relay Routing (NRR) by analytical methods. When the required outage probability is $1\times10^{-3}$ at the destination node in ad-hoc networks with 7 nodes, we noticed that each node can save power consumption by 15.5 dB in average, by using our proposed CDR compared to MRR.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.345-348
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• 1999

The properties of Fe ions in the $ CdFe_2$$O_4$ and $CdFeAlO_4$ were investigated using the Mossbauer spectroscopy, in the temperature range from 300K to 900K. The calculated Debye temperature, recoil free fraction, mean square displacement and velocity are, 476.5K, 0.835, 3.39$\times$10\ulcorner$\textrm{cm}^2$, and 1.11$\times$10\ulcorner$\textrm{cm}^2$sec$^2$for Fe ions in the $CdFe_2$$O_4$ and 369.0K, 0.741, 5.65$\times$10\ulcorner$\textrm{cm}^2$ and 1.33$\times$10\ulcorner$\textrm{cm}^2$/$sec^2$in the $CeFeAlO_4$. The difference of the properties in the two samples were explained by the variation of the Fe\ulcorner-O\ulcorner bonding length with the substituted Al ions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.361-372
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• 2006

Purpose: This paper was conducted to examine the effects of transformational leadership behaviors, within the substitutes for leadership model(Kerr & Jermier, 1978). Method: Data was collected from 181 staff nurses in 3 general hospitals, with self-reporting questionnaires(MLQ developed by Bass, rd-SLS developed by Podsakoff, et at., and MSQ developed by Weiss, et al.). Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and moderated regression analysis were used. Result: 1) The transformational leader behaviors and substitutes for leadership each had correlations with job satisfaction. 2) The total amount of variance accounted for by the substitutes for leadership was substantially greater than by the transformational leadership behaviors. 3) Few of the substitutes variables moderated the relationships between the transformational leader behaviors and job satisfaction in a manner consistent with that specified by Howell, Dorfman, and Kerr(1986). Conclusion: The finding of this study suggest that leaders need to have a better understanding of those contextual variables that influence job satisfaction. Thus future research should focus attention on the moderating effects of substitutes, as well as the things that leaders can do to influence them. In addition, it may be good to examine the effects of substitutes on other criterion variables.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-48
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• 1996

The toxonomic revision of the suborder Labroidei was made based on the specimens collected from the coasts of Korean Peninsula from 1988 to 1996. The fishes of this suborder in Korea are composed 32 species belonging to 22 genera and five families of Pomacentridae, Cichlidae, Embiotocidae, Labridae, and Scaridae. And the keys to species, genera and families are provided with redescriptions and collection data. Among them the specimens of 21 species were collected and Ditrema viridis of family Embiotocidae was the first record from the coast of Wando-gun, Chollanam-do, Korea. Most species of the suborder Labroidei of Korea were mainly distributed in the coast of Cheju Island and South coast influenced by the warm Kuroshio Current.