• Title/Summary/Keyword: Characters of Water

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Morphological Characters and Color of Mungbean Sprouts Affected by Water Supplying on the Harvest Day (수확당일의 관수 유무에 따른 숙주나물의 형태 및 색상 변화)

  • Hong, Dong-Oh;Jeon, Seung-Ho;Lee, Chang-Woo;Kim, Hong-Young;Kang, Jin-Ho
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.28-33
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    • 2008
  • Traditionally mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) sprouts has been stored after dehydration to decrease their decay. The study was done to determine the effect of watering for final 12 hours of harvest day on morphological characters and color of mungbean sprouts. The seeds of cv. Zhong Lu 1 were soaked in 50 ppm BA solution immediately before 4 hour aeration and then cultured for 6 days, when water-supplied for final 12 hours or not. After packaged with PE envelops, the sprouts stored 5 days at $8^{\circ}C$, and their morphological characters, fresh and dry weights, and colors were measured everyday. Compared to non-water supplied, water supplied sprouts had thicker hypocotyl diameter in middle part, and higher total fresh weight due to increment of cotyledon and hypocotyl ones although the two sprouts did nearly same in other characters. Only nonwater supplied sprouts showed higher color b value in hypocotyl than water supplied ones although there were not significant differences between them in other color-related characters, meaning that the latter ones were more rapidly decayed during their storage. In non-water supplied sprouts, number of lateral roots, hypocotyl and root lengths, total fresh weight, brightness of hypocotyl and root was decreased since 3 days after storage but cutting resistance of hypocotyl was done since 5 days.

Variations of diversity and tolerance indicies of heterotrophic bacterial communities in Naktong estuary (낙동강하구에서의 미생물 다양성과 환경변화에 따른 내성한계)

  • 권오섭;하영칠;홍순우
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.229-237
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    • 1987
  • To determine the characteristics of heterotrophic bacterial community in estuarine ecosystem, water and sediment samples were taden from Naktong estuary. All isolates were compared with 73 characters and described by cluster analysis. With same characters, 30 reference strains were able to divide into approximate species level at 80% similarity (S value). Diversity indices ($H^{1}$) of sediment column isolates were higher than water column isolates. The bacterial community commonly appeared in water and sediment column was reduced with going to downstream. Tolerance indices for temperature (Pt) and salinity (Ps) were also higher in sediment isolates than in water isolates. The bacterial community in sediment column is believed to be composed with diverse populations compared to water column and maintains its stability against various environmental changes with high physiological tolerances.

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Genetic Analysis of Growth Response to Cold Water Irrigation in Rice

  • Han, Long-Zhi;Koh, Hee-Jong
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.26-31
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    • 2000
  • This study was carried out to obtain the basic information for breeding cold-tolerant rice varieties with high yield-productivity through wide crosses between indica and japonica rice. Genetic analysis was conducted using 55 F$_1$s obtained from half-diallel crosses among eleven cultivars of various origin including indica and japonica rice. Screening for cold tolerance was done with cold-water irrigation after transplanting until ripening stage. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant in all characters associated with dry matter accumulation at 30 and 50days after cold-water irrigation (DAC). The variance of GCA was much larger than that of SCA in plant height, shoot dry weight per plant (DWP), crop growth rate (CGR) and cold-water response index (CRI) of these characters except CRI of shoot dry weight per plant. The DWP, CGR and CRI of these characters of Gaochan 102, Tong88-7 and TR22183 were markedly higher than those of the others. GCA effects of these varieties on DWP, CGR and their CRI were also higher than those of the others, indicating that they are useful as promising parents for breeding cold-tolerant varieties. Analysis of genetic parameters for 11$\times$11 half-diallel F$_1$s revealed that inter-locus gene interaction were concerned in the expression of plant height at 50 DAC, CRI of DWP at 50 DAC, and CRI of CGR, and that intra-locus gene interaction for plant height and the other characters were partial dominance and over-dominance, respectively. Narrow-sense heritability (h$^2$$_{N}$) was the highest in plant height as 0.729, and the lowest in CRI of DWP at 30 DAC as 0.048, suggesting that selection for cold tolerance will be quite effective in case that the selection criterion is the performance itself.f.

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Influences of Water-logging Period at Different Growth Stages on Agronomic Characters in Sesame (참깨 생육기별 침수기간이 주요형질에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Hyoung-Koog;Kim, Yong-Jae;Guh, Ja-Ock;Hwang, Jong-Kyu;Kim, Hak-Jin
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.224-232
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    • 1990
  • This study was conducted to find out the improvement of water-logging injury which is an important factor of yield loss in sesame. Water-logging was treated at 10, 25, 40, 55 and 70 days after emergence for 24, 48 and 72 hours in sesame variety 'Ansanggae'. Some important agronomic characters were investigated after treatment. The important agronomic characters such as plant height, leaf area, dry matter weight, capsule setting stem length, number of capsules per plant, ripenning rate and 1,000 grain weight were most susceptible at 55 days after emergence by the water-logging treatment, and the longer period of water-logging, the more susceptible. Allmost of the useful agronomic characters were able to get over injury of water-logging only within 25days after emergence, but could not get it over since 40days. Grain yield was decreased due to the water-logging treatment by 69 to 86% in 55 days after emergence that is most susceptible stage for water-logging as compared with the untreated control which is 13g per pot, and the longer period of water-logging induced the lower yield. Oil content of grain showed significant decrease only in 55 days after emergence but the composition of fatty acid did not influenced by the water-logging.

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Document Image Binarization Using a Water Flow Model (Water Flow Model을 이용한 문서 영상의 이진화)

  • Kim, In-Gwon;Jeong, Dong-Uk;Song, Jeong-Hui;Park, Rae-Hong
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.19-32
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    • 2001
  • This paper proposes a local adaptive thresholding method based on a water flow model, in which an image surface is considered as a 3-dimensional (3-D) terrain. To extract characters from backgrounds, we pour water onto the terrain surface. Water flows down to the lower regions of the terrain and fills valleys. Then, the amount of filled water is thresholded, in which the proposed thresholding method is applied to gray level document images consisting of characters and backgrounds. The proposed method based on a water flow model shows the property of locally adaptive thresholding. Computer simulation with synthetic and real document images shows that the proposed method yields effective adaptive thresholding results for binarization of document images.

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Studies on the Growth Characters and Nutrient Uptake Related to Source and Sink by Cool Water Temperature at Reproductive Growth Stage III. Influence of Growth Characters and Nutrient Uptake Related to Panicle by Different Water Temperature and Water Depth (생식생장기 냉수온이 벼의 Source와 Sink 관련형질 및 양분흡수에 관한 연구 III. 관개수온과 수심이 수의 관련제형질 및 양분흡수에 미치는 영향)

  • 최수일
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.242-248
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    • 1986
  • To study the effect of cold water irrigation at the reproductive growth stage of rice plants on several growth characters related to source and sink and nutrient uptake, the present experiment was carried out under the different conditions of water temperature and water depth. Deep irrigation with normal temperature water increased culm length, panicle length and panicle exsertion but with cold water resulted adversely. Most sensi-tive response in 5 cm water-depth appeared at reduction division stage and in 20 cm depth at panicle formation stage. Secondary branches and spikelets were increased in number by deep irrigation with normal temperature water, but decreased and degenerated by deep irrigation with cold water at panicle formation stage resulting in high spikelet sterility and low grain filling. Deep irrigation with normal temperature water increased the contents of total nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and silicate in leaf blades, branches and chaff. However, cold water irrigation reduced the uptake of phosphate, potassium and silicate except nitrogen particularly in deep irrigation. Ratios of phosphate, potassium and silicate to total nitrogen content were decreased by cold water irrigation. Branches seemed to have higher requirements for phosphate, potassium and silicate than leaf blades and chaff. Silicate-to-total nitrogen ratio in leaf blades, branches and chaff had significant correlations with yield showing closer relationship between yield and the ratio of silicate to total nitrogen in branches in particu-lar.

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Cytological and Cytochemical Studies of the Hybrids in Fresh Water Teleosts

  • Ojima, Yoshio
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.100-117
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    • 1971
  • Genetical characters and abilities will be appeared by the special gene or gene group on the chromosomes. We have two different stand-points to this problem. (I) If these genes become homozygotic, the genetic presentation will be emphasized and fixed as a pure line. (II) The genetic presentation will be emphasized by the heterozygotic genes and, on the contrary, homozygotic genes only make no efficiency to emphasis in genetical characters. The problem which is by far the better of the two standpoints, should be evaluated and determined by the purposes of human beings.

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Inheritance of Some Agronomic Characters Related to Cold Tolerance under Cold Water Treatment in Rice (냉수처리답에서 벼 내냉성 관련형질의 유전)

  • 예종두
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.473-480
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    • 1995
  • This study was conducted to know how cold tolerance of rice varieties is inherited. Several crosses were made between cold tolerant varieties and susceptible varieties, and their progenies were morphologically and physiologically evaluated each characters at cold water and natural conditions. The segregation modes of leaf discoloration by cold treatment in F$_2$ generations are agreed to simple inheritance ratio of R3 : Sl in four crosses among total seven cross combinations. In F$_1$ and F$_2$ generations, tall one was dominance in culm and panicle length and less reduction in culm and panicle length by cold treatment was overdominance or partial dominance, while more number of panicles per plant was dominance and more increasing of panicle numbers by cold water irrigation was overdominance. Heritability and heterosis in most characters showed high values, and heterosis in remote crosses was especially larger under the cold water treatment condition compare with that under natural condition.

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