• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.316-320
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• 2007

Chaetomium sp.배양체를 acetone에 침지하여 추출한 후 n-hexane, $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 물로 분획하였다. 이중 EtOAc 분획을 silica gel 및 HPLC(ODS)를 이용하여 3종의 활성물질 A.C-3, A.C-4 및 A.C-5를 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조를 NMR 및 MS등의 스펙트럼 데이터와 문헌검색을 통하여 chaetoglobosin 유도체인 chaetoglobosin F, chaetoglobosin C 및 chaetoglobosin E로 동정하였다. A.C-3, A.C-4 및 A.C-5의 논피에 대한 유근신장 저해활성 검정 결과, $IC_{50}$값은 각각 66, 65, $67{\mu}g/ml$이었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1986

1985년(年)에 수입(輸入)한 종자(種子)에서 검출(檢出)된 진균(眞菌) 24종(種) 중(中) 일본산(日本産) 시금치에서 Verticillium dahliae 잔디에서 Exserohilum halodes 중공산(中共産) 수수에서 Chaetomium globosum과 Chaetomium elatum, Curvularia intermedia, 대만산(臺灣産) 야자에서 Graphium putredinis, Phaeoisaria clematides, 그리고 대만산(臺灣産)과 태국산(産) 야자와 관음죽에서 Macrophomina sp. 등(等)이 조사(調査)되어 그 결과(結果)를 보고(報告)하는 바이다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.183-188
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• 1984

서울에서 1983년 12월 26일부터 1984년 2월 11일 까지 각종 건물실내환경에서 채취한 진균을 배양분리한 결과에서 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 총 26종류의 진균이 검출되었다. 병원에서는 14종류의 진균이 검출되었는데, 이중에서 Cladosporium sp.와 Penicillium sp.가 주종을 이루며 Alternaria sp., Chaetomium sp. 그리고 효모등이 비교적 많이 검출되었다. 일반주택에서는 22종류의 진균이 검출되었으며, 여기서는 Penicillium sp.가 상당분을 차지하고, Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., Trichoderma sp.가 주종을 이룬다. 아파트에서의 진균종류도 대체로 주택과 같았다. 이 조사에서는 특별히 진균의 정량적인 분석이 이루어지지 않았으므로 확실한 위해도의 여부는 가리기 힘들다. 따라서 이들 진균을 종까지 분류하고 각각에 대한 정량분석을 하여 공중위생적인 위해도와의 관계를 추정하는 조사가 앞으로 요망된다. 이상에서 진균성 식중독을 유발하는 균의 분포가 보편적으로 인정되므로, 분포가 넓은 여러 종의 진균에 대해서는 실내 환경내에서 오염 또는 증식되지 않도록 하는 대책이 필요하다. 또한 많은 사람이 모이는 공중 장소에 대해서는 검출되는 진균의 종류에 대하여서는 적절한 위생적인 규제가 있어야 하겠다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 18권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 1990

Cellulose를 분해하는 균주를 자연토양으로부터 분리하여 형태적 관찰, 생리적 특성 등을 검토하였고 F.P Cellulase, CMCase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$의 활성을 측정하였다. 11속, 21종이 동정되었으며 속분류검색에 있어 기본적인 차이점을 보이는 5종을 선정하였다. 동정 결과는 Acremonium sp., Trichoderma viride., 미동정된 Trichoderma SP., Verticillium intertexum., verticillium malthousei 이었다. 효소활동은 Trichoderma viride로 동정된 균주가 비교적 높아보였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2001

Species of the genus Orobanche are parasitic flowering plants, holoparasites, which cling to the roots of green plants. Their tiny seeds (200 x $250\mu\textrm{m}$) germinate in response to chemical stimuli produced by host and some non-host plants. Successful contact with their host leads to development of haustoria for obtaining water and food. The shoots above the ground expose flowers and disseminate seeds. Several samples of Orobanche ramosa, O. crenata, O. cernua, and O. egyptiaca were collected from different localities in Jordan. These samples showed one of the following disease symptoms: dry rot at the base of the stem; general deterioration and expanded lesion from base upward; soft tissue maceration of stem; and black rot of flower parts with incomplete maturation of the ovary and seeds. Isolation from diseased stems and seeds was made on three different mycological media. Several fungi were isolated, mainly, Fusarium spp., Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia sp., Dendrophora sp., Chaetomium sp., and an ascomycetus fungus with a perithecium. Pathogenicity tests showed that Fusarium spp. and Alternaria alternata attacked healthy living tissue of Orobanche spikes. These fungi caused lesions of black soft rot and complete deterioration within 5-7 days. They also attacked Orobanche seeds, arresting their germination and causing maceration of non-germinated and germinated seeds after 5-7 days of incubation. Meanwhile, Dendrophora sp. and Chaetomium sp. caused limited lesion at first, but were able to colonize the tissue as it aged and senesced. This study showed the presence of a potential endogenous pathogenic fungi in Jordan, which can be investigated as a biological control for Orobanche.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권17호
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• pp.48-64
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• 1996

We compared the degree of color difference formed by environmental factor(temperature, relative humidity) with fungal growth in order to know how to change the color difference of cellulolutic cultural properties such as Korean papers, cotton, jute and hemp. We concluded, from the result, that the action of fungal growth on celluloytic cultural properties was more hamful than environmental factor. We considered the secretion produced by fungi as the causative agent for stained formation on cellulolytic cultural properties. Alternaria sp. colored allmaterials greyish black, Chaetomium sp. colored cotton and hemp orange, and Penicllium sp. colored cotton, jute and hemp yellowish green. But Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp. didn't show a clear color against each material. It was observed that thymol(120g/$m^3$) was the most effective fungicide to prevent fungal growth.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 1998

The incidence of fungi and their possible contribution to low vigour were examined in a collection of ginseng (Panax quiquefolius) seed from Ontario. When examined after one winter of stratification in the field and storage at 4f for five months in the laboratory, the collection exhibited low vigour (plant stand 16.7% of seeding rate six weeks after seeding) and high incidence (94%) of discolored or soft seed. Fungi isolated (and incidence) from 1,304 endosperm halves recovered from surface-sterilized seed were, in order of abundance, Fusarium rostrum (22.2%), Chaetomium crispuum (14.3%), Funriud oxysporum (9.0%), Fusarium sdani (9.0%), iwmor sp. (8.4%), Alternaria sp. (8.1%), Zowieua lucotricha (7.8%), Cylindruarpn sp. (0.9%), Fusarium avenacmm (0.9%), and Vdudla iliata (0.4%). Most of these fungi, including known and potential pathogens of ginseng (species of Alerraria, Cylindrocarpon, Fusarium, and Trichodirma), were associated with both healthy and diseased seed. Application of Benlate (benomyl), Thiram (thiram), or UBI-2584 (tebuconazole) to seed caused slight to pronounced reduction in emergence and did not significantly affect plant stand six weeks after seeding. The study demonstrated the high level of infection by fungi, including known and potential pathogens of the cry, in an arbitrary collection of ginseng seed from commercial sources, and the phytotoxicity of the fungicides tested when applied to moist stratified seed. The lack of efficacy of the fungicides precluded determination of the contribution of seedborne fungi to low vigour of the seed.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.29-32
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• 2005

We just carried out this study in order to obtain an appropriate information of the population of toxigenic fungi in crude drugs in seoul. Results of fungal examination on twenty-three kinds crude drugs were described in this report. In 21 crude drugs, colonies of fungi were possible to identify into 7 genera. Predominant genera of fungi in crude drugs were Aspergillus spp. $(14,\;46.6\%)$, Scopulariospsis spp. $(7,\;23.3\%)$, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Fusarium spp $(2,\;6.6\%,\;respectively)$ and Phoma sp., Chaetomium sp. $(1,\; 3.3\%,\;respectively)$. Mycotoxin producing fungi like Aspergillus spp., Penicillum spp., and Fusarium spp. were 18 colonies$(60\%)$, totally.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권5호
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• pp.148-166
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• 1984

The Investigation of organisms damaged to papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Property in the Ch'ang Dok Palace The investigation of the airborne fungi, the attached fungi to the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties in addition to the insects inhabiting at the Ku Sonwon Jon, Shin Sonwon Jon and Yonwa ch'anggo in the Ch'ang Dok Palace carried out from Jul. 10 to Jul. 21,1984.The results are summarized as follows ;1. Isolation and identification of the airborne fungi from the three storages were Cladosporium sp., Alternaria alternata, As pergillus cervinus, A. flavus, A. nidulance, A. oryzae, A. terreus, A. versicolor, A. wentii, Penicillium adametzii, P.albicans, P.canescens, P. citreo-viride, P. citrinums, P. decumbens, P. frequentans, P. funiculosum, P.herquei, P.implicatum, P.multicolor, P.nigricans, P.nonatum,P.purpurogenum, P.roqueforti, P.viridicatum, Trichodema viride, Geotrichumcandidum, Curvvlaria lunata, Torula hebarum, T.thermophila, Itersoniliasalmonicolor, Drechsclera avenue, Candida sp., Acremonium sp., and Botrytis sp., It was found that thirty five species in thirteen genera was isolated. Among them, the dominant species was Cladosporium sp., and the order was Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria and so on.2. The attached fungi directly isolated from the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties were twenty-nine species in fourteen genera, namely, Acremonium sp., Albertiniella sp., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus clavatus,A.niger, A.ornatus, A.versicolor, Botrytis sp., Bysochlamys sp., Carpenteles sp.,Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium sp., Eurotium sp., Mucor sp., Penicilliumcanescens, P.chermesium, P.citrinum, P.frequentans, P.funiculosum, P.herqueiP .implicatum, P.javanicum, P.luteum, P.purpurogenum, P.thomii, P.viridicatum, Torula thermophila, Trichoderma koningi and T.viride. Among them, the mostfungi distributed on the surface of the papers and cellulose materials was Penicillium and the order was Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Trichodermaand so on.3. The insects collected the three storages were ten genera and ten species including 916 specimens. By classifying the insects collected, the most species of the insects was Stenoscelodes hayashii of 857 specimens occupied about 93% of the total insect. And the other insects were collected as Microgamme costipennisAnobium pertinax, Xenomimetes alni, Anthrenus verbasci, Holoparmecus signatus,Thermobia domestica, Halyomorpha brevis, Drosophila coracine and Brattaorientalis. As described above, it could be known that the most airborne fungi was Cladosporium and the order was Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria in the three storages. And the most attached fungi distributed on the surface of papers and cellulose materials was Penicillium and the other fungi were Aspergillus, Alternaria Cladosporium, Trichoderma and so on. Accordingly, from the results, itwas assumed that the major part of airborne fungi were attached to the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties. The paper and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties in Ch'ang Dok Palace were chiefly damaged by S.hayashii in Coleoptera.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.230-241
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• 2019

The Great Sebkha of Oran is a closed depression located in northwestern of Algeria. Despite the ranking of this sebkha among the wetlands of global importance by Ramsar Convention in 2002, no studies on the fungal community in this area have been carried out. In our study, samples were collected from two different regions. The first region is characterized by halophilic vegetation and cereal crops and the second by a total absence of vegetation. The isolated strains were identified morphologically then by molecular analysis. The biotechnological interest of the strains was evaluated by testing their ability to grow at different concentration of NaCl and to produce extracellular enzymes (i.e., lipase, amylase, protease, and cellulase) on solid medium. The results showed that the soil of sebkha is alkaline, with the exception of the soil of cereal crops that is neutral, and extremely saline. In this work, the species Gymnoascus halophilus, Trichoderma gamsii, the two phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium brachygibbosum and Penicillium allii, and the teleomorphic form of P. longicatenatum observed for the first time in this species, were isolated for the first time in Algeria. The halotolerance test revealed that the majority of the isolated are halotolerant. Wallemia sp. and two strains of G. halophilus are the only obligate halophilic strains. All strains are capable to secrete at least one of the four tested enzymes. The most interesting species presenting the highest enzymatic index were Aspergillus sp. strain A4, Chaetomium sp. strain H1, P. vinaceum, G. halophilus, Wallemia sp. and Ustilago cynodontis.