• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.196-204
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• 2020

The aim of the study is to compare the fluoride release and recharge properties of glass ionomer cements and 'alkasite'. Specimens of two glass ionomer cements (Fuji IX GP and Riva Self Cure), 'alkasite' restorative material (Cention N) and composite resin (Filtek™ Z350XT) were prepared. The fluoride release of each specimen was measured for 28 days. Thereafter, 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel was applied to experimental groups. No treatment was performed on control groups. The fluoride release was measured for additional 7 days to evaluate the fluoride recharge properties of each materials. The fluoride release was highest in Riva Self Cure, followed by Fuji IX GP, Cention N (p < 0.05). Fluoride release of Cention N was measured to be approximately 49% of Fuji IX GP's. After the application of 1.23% APF gel, increases in fluoride release were observed in Riva Self Cure, Fuji IX GP and Cention N (p < 0.05). Fluoride recharge was observed in Cention N as well as in glass ionomer cements. Further studies are required to evaluate the anti-cariogenic properties of Cention N at clinical conditions.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2020

This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the surface roughness and microbial adhesion to alkasite restorative material (Cention N), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and composite resin. And to examine the correlation between bacterial adhesion and surface roughness by different finishing systems. Specimens were fabricated in disk shapes and divided into four groups by finishing methods (control, carbide bur, fine grit diamond bur, and white stone bur). Surface roughness was tested by atomic force microscope and surface observation was performed by scanning electron microscope. Colony forming units were measured after incubating Streptococcus mutans biofilm on specimens using CDC biofilm reactor. Cention N surface roughness was less than 0.2 ㎛ after finishing procedure. Control specimens of resin and Cention N specimens were significantly (p = 0.01) rougher. Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC = 0.13) indicated a weak correlation between surface roughness and S. mutans adhesion to the specimens. Compared with resin specimens, RMGI and Cention N showed lower microbial adhesion. Surface roughness and bacterial adhesion were not significantly different, regardless of the finishing systems.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2023

Purpose: Cention N (Ivoclar Vivadent) was a recently introduced alkasite-based restorative material that was expected to replace amalgam and glass ionomer cement. This material was an esthetic restoration with adequate mechanical strength and release of fluoride and calcium. The purpose of this study was to measure the water sorption and water solubility of Cention N and evaluate its long-term durability compared to other esthetic restorations (Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer cement [RMGIC], Giomer, Composite Resin). Materials and Methods: Twenty specimens each of Cention N (CN), Resin Modified-Glass Ionomer Cement (FJ), Giomer (BF), and Composite Resin (FZ) were made. After each specimen was completely dried in a desiccator for 24 hours using a vacuum pressure pump, the specimen was weighed (m1). After that, the specimen was immersed in distilled water at 37℃ for 7 days, stored in a drying oven, and weighed (m2). After drying completely for 24 hours in a desiccator, the specimen was weighed (m3) to calculate the water absorption and water solubility using Formulas 1 and 2. The measured values were statistically processed and analyzed using SPSS, and the significance level was set at 0.05. Result: When measuring water sorption, FJ (122.61 ㎍/mm³) showed significantly higher water sorption than CN (35.42 ㎍/mm³) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between FZ (18.03 ㎍/mm³) and BF (14.76 ㎍/mm³) (P=0.930). When measuring water solubility, CN (6.65 ㎍/mm³) showed significantly higher water solubility than FJ (1.47 ㎍/mm³) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cention N had lower water sorption than RMGIC, but higher water solubility, indicating that it is more vulnerable to moisture and has lessened long-term durability.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2024

Purpose: Research comparing and evaluating the properties of various dental materials is an important topic in the field of dentistry. This study aims to evaluate the fluoride release and microhardness properties of various fluoride-containing restorative materials used in dental treatments. Materials and Methods: Thirty specimens of four restorative materials were prepared (5 mm × 2 mm, cylindrical): alkasite-based material (Cention N, CN), Self-cure glass Ionomer (Riva self cure, RS), Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji LC II, FL) and composite resin (Filtek Z350XT, FZ). Fluoride release measurements were conducted on 25 specimens at intervals of 1, 2, 6, 13, 20, and 27 days with a fluoride electrode connected to the pH/ISE Meter (Orion Star A214, Thermo Scientific, USA) and cumulative fluoride release was calculated. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed on five specimens from each material with microhardness tester (DM2D, AFFRI, Italy). Results: As a result of measuring the amount of fluoride release over 27 days, the amount of fluoride release in CN showed a gradual increase, while the amount of fluoride release in RS, FL, and FZ gradually decreased. The cumulative fluoride release amount for 28 days was significantly higher in CN and FL than in RS (P < 0.05). FZ and RS demonstrated significantly higher microhardness compared to CN and FL (P < 0.05). FZ and RS showed similar microhardness, and FL showed the lowest microhardness. Conclusion: Cention N (CN) exhibited superior fluoride release compared to Glass Ionomer Cement (RS), making it a promising option for preventing secondary caries. However, it displayed a lower microhardness than the composite resin (FZ), indicating potential limitations in terms of mechanical strength. Therefore, if an anti-caries action is required, Cention N may be considered first; however, it appears to be difficult to use in posterior permanent teeth.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.24.1-24.13
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of an alkasite restorative material in molars that had undergone root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: The research was registered in Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials. The randomized clinical trial involved 33 patients, each with at least 1 mandibular molar requiring restoration after receiving endodontic treatment. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) or the alkasite restorative material (Cention N, Ivoclar Vivadent). Upon completion of the restorations, 3 calibrated professionals utilized the United States Public Health Service criteria to assess various factors, including retention, secondary caries, marginal adaptation, restoration color, marginal pigmentation, and anatomical form. Evaluations were conducted at intervals of 7 days, 6 months, and 17 months. Additionally, the assessment encompassed the presence of radiolucent lines adjacent to the restoration, material deficiencies or excess, contact points, and caries recurrence. The data underwent analysis using the Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05). Results: After 17 months, the results revealed that the alkasite restorative material exhibited greater wear of anatomical shape compared to the bulk-fill resin composite (p = 0.0189). Furthermore, the alkasite restorative material significantly differed from the natural tooth color in most cases (p = 0.0000). However, no other criteria displayed significant differences between the materials or over time (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The alkasite restorative material (Cention N) emerges as a viable option for restoring endodontically treated teeth, displaying clinically acceptable alterations after a 17-month evaluation period.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the fluoride release of fluoride-containing restorative materials in fluoride recharging according to the concentration of fluoride toothpaste used in Korea. Samples of glass ionomer cement, resin-modified glass ionomer cement, alkasite restorative material, and composite resin were prepared and fluoride release was measured on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28. Thereafter, fluoride-free, 500 ppm, and 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste was applied to each restorative materials, and the fluoride release was measured on days 1, 3, 7. Glass ionomer cement showed the highest cumulative fluoride release until the 7th day of measurement, and from the 14th day onwards, the resin-modified glass ionomer cement showed the highest cumulative fluoride release, but there was no significant difference. When restorative material groups were recharged with 500 ppm of fluoride toothpaste, the fluoride release was significantly higher only for the alkasite restorative material compared to the fluoride-free toothpaste group (p < 0.017). When restorative material groups were recharged with 1450 ppm of fluoride toothpaste, the fluoride release was significantly higher in all restorative groups compared to the fluoride-free toothpaste group (p < 0.017).