• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.75-83
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• 2005

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical studies on 254 cases of patient with facial paralysis. Methods: We examined the sex, age, region, month, season, physical condition, attened symptoms, the period before admission, the period of treatment the times of treatment, the point of the recovery Results: 1. The distribution of sex was male 119 cases, female 125 cases(1.032:1). The distribution of age was disclosed that fifty was the most in 53 cases(20.9%) 2. In distribution of the region of facial palsy, the ratio of the male-left was 27.6%(70 cases), female-left was 24.4%(62cases), male-right was 23.2%(59 cases), female-right was 24.8%(63 cases). 3. In distribution of contributing frequence in month, January was the most in number(29 cases, 11.4%), In distribution of contributing number in season winter was the most in number(76 cases, 29.9%). 4. In distribution of physical condition, fatigue(99 cases, 40.0%), stress(66 cases 26.0%), cold exposure(43 cases, 16.9%) were investigated highly than other conditions. 5. In distribution of attended symptoms, stylomastoid pain(91 cases, 35.8%), tears(40 cases 15.7%). taste paralysis(29 cases, 11.4%) were investigated highly than other symptoms. 6. In distribution of the period before admission in descending order the first under the third day was the most number in 92 cases(62.2%), over two weeks 22 cases(14.9%) 7. In distribution of the period of treatment, over eight weeks was the most number in 91 cases(35.8%), under a week in 50 cases(19.7%). In distribution of the times of treatment under five times was the most number in 56 cases(14.2%). 8. In distribution of the point of the recovery, under two weeks was the most number in 77 cases(52%).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.381-397
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• 2001

In the patients with hemiplegia caused by stroke and TBI. postural sway is increased and open displaced laterally over the non-affected leg, reflecting asymmetry in weight bearing on lower extremities during standing balance. Recovery of symmetric weight bearing and postural stability is an important aim in physical therapy. Plastic AFO has been used for hemiplegic patients in order to help their abnormal walking patterns. Past studies have mainly focused on the AFO influences on hemiplegic walking patterns without balance function approaches. The purpose of this study was to identify the immediate effects of plastic AFO and shoes on the static balance in hemiplegic patients. The scale for static balance were weight bearing on affected leg(%), sway area(mm2), sway path(mm), maximal sway velocity(mm/s), anteroposterior sway angle($^{\circ}$ ), and lateral angle($^{\circ}$ ). Seventeen hemiplegic patients participated in this study: 13 men and 4 women, with an average age of 50.18 years. Static balance was measured using BPM(balance performance monitor; dataprint software version 5.3) under four standing condition namely bare-foot standing. standing in shoes, standing with AFO, and standing in shoes with AFO. In order to assure the statistical significance of the results, an one-way ANOVA, the independent t-test. and a pearson's correlation were applied at the .05 level of significant. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There were statistically significant differences in weight bearing(%) on the static balance between affected leg and non-affected leg(p<.01). 2) There were statistically significant differences in sway reverse frequence(Hz) in standing with AFO between affected leg and non-affected leg(p<.05). 3) Sway area(mm2) on standing in shoes with AFO was lower than bare-foot standing(p<.05), Lateral sway angle($^{\circ}$ ) on standing in shoes with AFO was lower than bare-foot standing and standing in shoes(p<.05). 4) Weight bearing in affected leg was not significantly correlated with postural sway.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.481-486
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 분석된 산사태 발생원인을 근거로 산사태 발생 가능 지역에 대한 산사태 발생원인에 대한 등급값을 이용하여, 인접한 연구지역에 교차 적용하여 위험성을 평가하여 취약성도를 작성하고 산사태 피해 예방을 위한 방재 사업, 국토개발 계획 및 건설계획을 위한 기초 자료로 적용 및 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 연구대상 지역은 여름철 집중호우시 산사태가 많이 발생하는 지역으로 정하였으며, 행정구상으로 강원도 강릉시 사천면 사기막리와 주문진읍 삼교리에 해당한다. 산사태가 발생할 수 있는 요인으로 지형도로부터 경사, 경사방향, 곡률, 수계추출을, 정밀토양도로부터 토질, 모재, 배수, 유효토심, 지형을, 임상도로부터 임상, 경급, 영급, 밀도를, 지질도로부터 암상을, Landsat TM 영상으로부터 토지이용도와 추출하여 격자화 하였으며, 아리랑1호 영상으로부터 선구조를 추출하여 l00m 간격으로 버퍼링한 후 격자화 하였다. 이렇게 구축된 산사태 발생 위치 및 발생요인 데이터베이스를 이용, Frequence ratio를 이용하여 각 요소간의 분류를 산사태와의 상관관계를 바탕으로 취약성도를 구하였다. 그리고 계산된 산사태 취약성 지수의 기존 산사태 발생을 설명하는 능력을 정량적으로 표현하기 위하여 추정능력을 계산하였다 또한 이를 교차적용 하여 산사태 취약성도를 각각의 경우에 맞게 만들었다 이러한 평가는 산사태 피해 예방을 위한 방재 사업, 국토개발 계획, 건설계획 등에 기초자료로서 적용 및 활용될 수 있다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2002

MtDNA cyt b gene was used to investigate the geographic variation of 11 populations (106 individuals) of the planktonic developing, periwinkle Littorina brevicula, throughout Eastern, Western, and Southern coastal regions in Korea. The sequence of 500 base pairs and 13 different haplotypes were determined. Haplotype LbA was predominated through the populations studied with frequence of 0.877. Haplotypes were shown different frequencies in each coastal region (0.82, 0.90, and 1.00, respectively). enetic analysis of the 61 individuals of L. brevicula from the polluted and unpolluted sites yielded 8 distinct haplotypes. Haplotype LbA also was most common, and it was shared by 0.872 of frequency among specimens.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.468-480
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• 1993

In this paper, at first, the characteristics of double mode SAW (DMS) resonator are analysed by applying the wave guide model and coupled mode theory to 1-port resonator. The DMS resonators (2-pole), which are arranged in a close, parallel configuration of two identical 1-port resonators on a single plate, and 4-pole DMS filters are designed and fabricated at the center frequency of 150.15 MHz with 3-dB bandwidth of 80 KHz. The empirical design characteristics are obtained from the comparison of experimental and theoretical values resulted from several fabrications, and the narrow bandpass filters are implemented on the basis of the above empirical results, which can be used to mobile communication systems. A ST-cut quartz substrate is selected for the stable temperature-frequence characteristics, and high resolution photolithography is applied to the fabrication of filter to get the fine electrode patterns.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.763-770
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• 1997

The separation of benzene-cyclohexane mixture using (O/W)/O emulsion liquid membrane was studied. The operating parameters which can affect the selectivity, benzene yield, and emulsion size distribution were examined and determined by the batch type operation. The unsteady state and steady state extraction behavior in continuous pulse stirred reactor(CPSR) were verified. The optimum conditions for benzene selectivity and yield in batch operation were as follows; emulsion mixing intensity 4000 rpm, Tween 80 concentration 0.4%, volume ratio of membrane phase to internal phase 0.75, volume ratio of dispersed phase to continuous phase 0.5, and permeation time 10 minutes, As impeller speed increased and the microdrop holdup decreased, the Sauter mean diameter decreased. Turbulence damping parameter of modified Calabrease correlation considering microdrop holdup was 2.28. The optimum conditions of continuous operation were as follows; agitation speed 300 rpm, pulse frequence 2 times/sec, flow rate of continuous phase 30ml/min, and flow rate of emulsion phase 12.0ml/min.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 1999

The genetic defects in human gametes and embryos can cause adverse effects on overall reproductive events. Biopsy of embryos for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) offers a new possibility of having children free of the genetic disease. In addition, advanced embryo culture method may enhance the effectiveness of embryo biopsy for the practical application of PGD. This experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of coculture on the development in vitro of biopsied mouse embryos as a preclinical model for PGD of human embryos. Embryos were obtained after in vitro fertilization (IVF) from F1 hybrid mice (C57BLfemale/CBAmale). Using micromanipulation, 1, 2, 3 or 4 blastomeres of 8-cell stage embryos were aspirated through a hole made in the zona pellucida by zona drilling (ZD) with acidic Tyrode's solution (ATS). After biopsy of blastomeres, embryos were cultured in vitro for 110 hours in Ham's F-10 supplemented with 0.4% BSA or cocultured on the monolayer of Vero cells in the same medium. The frequence of blastocyst formation were recorded, and the embryos beyond blastocyst stage were stained with 10% Giemsa to count the total number of nuclei in each embryo. There was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation between the zona intact control group and the zona drilling (ZD) only, or biopsied groups. The hatching rate of all the treatment groups except 4/8 group was significantly higher than that of control group. In all the treatment groups, there was a significant reduction in the mean cell number of embryos beyond blastocyst stage ($50.2{\pm}14.0$ in control group vs. $41.2{\pm}7.9$ in ZD, $39.3{\pm}8.8$ in 7/8, $29.7{\pm}6.4$ in 6/8, $25.1{\pm}5.7$ in 5/8, and $22.1{\pm}4.3$ in 4/8 groups, p<0.05). When the same treatments were followed by coculture with Vero cells, a similar pattern was seen in the blastocyst formation and the hatching rate. However, in all the treatment groups, there was a significant increase in the mean cell number of embryos beyond blastocyst stage with coculture, compared with the parallel groups without coculture. In the cleavage rate of biopsied blastomeres cultured for 110 hours after IVF, there was no significant difference between coculture and non-coculture groups (87.2% vs. 78.7%). However, the mean cell number of embryos developed from the biopsied blastomeres was significantly higher in coculture group ($11.5{\pm}4.7\;vs.\;5.9{\pm}1.9$, p<0.05). In conclusion, biopsy of mouse embryos after ZD with ATS is a safe and highly efficient method for PGD, and coculture with Vero cells showed a positive effect on the development in vitro of biopsied mouse embryos and blastomeres as a preclinical model for PGD of human embryos.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.281-286
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to find out their perception of the dental hygiene and level of its knowledge by estimating status of senior adults' dental health management. First, questionnaires were distributed to the 256 target senior adults aged more than 60, who were going to school for senior adults located in Ulju Country and the survey was conducted by interview directly. The results were as follows; 1. As for tooth brushing method, scrubbing method was used in male and rolling method was used in female and the survey results statistically revealed that rolling method was the most used in aged from 60 to 70(68.1%) and scrubbing method was the most used in aged more than 70(80.4%)[p < 0.001]. 2. As for reason of visiting dental clinic, female respondents accounting for the highest said they visited dental clinic when they feel a pain in the teeth and as for frequence of dental clinic, male respondents visited dental clinic for a once per a year. there was no difference statistically according to age(47.9%). 3. As for the perception of the necessity of dental prosthetic treatment, there was higher positive response in the female than male, in the lower aged groups than higher aged group[p<0.05]. 4. As for the question of whether to use of denture or not now, the survey results was statistically that the higher aged group and male groups were higher used dentures [p < 0.001]. 5. As for maintenance of denture, female respondents said the highest that they keep it in cold water after cleaning(95.5%), there was no difference statistically according to age and educational background [p < 0.001].

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.5 s.121
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• pp.415-420
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• 2007

In this paper, we have designed and fabricated a new type of bandpass-filter that used rectangular ring and interdigital capacitive feeding-structure. The filter is applied the modified rectangular ring and interdigital capacitive feeding-structure in patch, which reduce rho size of filter and IEEE 802. 11 correspond to wireless LAN domain(2.45GHz and 5.2GHz) for operating. As a result, the design and fabrication process of the filter become simple and the size of it is reduced more than 60% compared with RF filter are available conventional PEMBF(Parallel Edge-coupled Microstrip Bandpass Filter) of accounted circuit by minimum stage, measurement result of fabricated filter, center frequence is down 2.408GHz and 5.075GHz. input return loss is -39.169dB at 2.408GHz, -40.922dB at 5.075GHz. insertion loss is -0.437dB at 2.408GHz, -1.669dB at 5.075GHz.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1441-1446
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• 2007

This study was conducted to establish the individual identification system and to estimate the genetic characteristic of Jeju native horse (JNH) using 13 microsatellite markers located on different horse autosomes. The markers were genotyped on 191 animals from five horse breeds including Jeju native horse (JNH). In total, 138 alleles were detected from the genotypes of 13 microsatellite markers. The average heterozygosities ranged from 0.317 to 0.902 and the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.498 to 0.799 in JNH. We found that there were significant differences in allele frequencies in JNH when compared with other horse breeds. In ATH4 marker, there were specific allele frequence pattern that some of allele only found in JNH, Mongolian horse (MONG) and Jeju racing horse (JRH). The calculated cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) was 99.9% when nine microsatellite loci were used for analysis in the individual identification system. Also, the matching probability that two unrelated animals would show the same genotypes, was estimated to be $0.60{\times}10^{-10}$. Therefore, in the nine markers used in this study can be used for individual identification in the Jeju native horse population.