• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

In this study, a zero-cement brick is manufactured by replacing cement with recycled aggregates and blast furnace slag powder. Experimental tests were conducted with standard sized samples of $190{\times}57{\times}90mm$ (KS F 4004), and this manufacturing technique was simulated in practice. Results showed that the zero-cement brick with 0.35 W/B had the highest compressive strength, but the lowest absorption ratio. This absorption ratio of zero-cement brick with 0.35 W/B was lower than the required level determined by KS F 4004. Hence, to increase the absorption ratio, crushed fine aggregate (CA) and emulsified waste vegetable oil (EWO) were used in combination in the zero-cement brick. It was found that the zero-cement brick with CA of 20% and EWO of 1% had the optimum combination, in terms of having the optimum strength development (12 MPa) and the optimum absorption ratio (8.4%) that satisfies the level required by KS. In addition, it is demonstrated that for the manufacturing of zero-cement brick of 1000, this technique reduces the manufacturing cost by 5% compared with conventional cement brick.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2016

In this study, the utilization of the by-products of various industries was examined using raw materials of CSA high-functional cement such as coal bottom ash, red mud, phosphate gypsum, etc. Technology to improve energy efficiency and reduce $CO_2$ was developed as part of the manufacturing process; this technology included lower temperature sintering ($150{\sim}200^{\circ}C$) than is used in the OPC cement manufacturing process, replacement of CSA cement with the main raw material bauxite, and a determination of the optimum mix condition. In order to develop CSA cement, a manufacturing system was established in the Danyang plant of the HANIL Cement Co. Ltd., in Korea. About 4,200 tons of low purity expansion agent CSA cement (about 16%) and about 850 tons of the lime-based expansion agent dead burned lime (about 8%) were produced at a rate of 60 tons per hour at the HANIL Cement rotary kiln. To improve the OPC cement properties, samples of 10%, 13%, and 16% of CSA cement were mixed with the OPC cement and the compressive strength and length variation rate of the green cement were examined. When green cement was mixed with each ratio of CSA cement and OPC cement, the compressive strength was improved by about 30% and the expansibility of the green cement was also improved. When green cement was mixed with 16% of CSA cement, the compressive strength was excellent compared with that of OPC cement. Therefore, this study indicates the possibility of a practical use of low-cost CSA cement employing industrial wastes only.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.912-921
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• 2006

This study examines greenhouse gas reduction potentials in cement manufacturing industry of Korea. An energy system model in the MARKAL (MARKet ALlocation) modeling framework was used in order to identify appropriate energy technologies and to quantify their possible implications In terms of greenhouse gas reduction. The model is characterized as mathematical tool for the long term energy system analysis provides an useful informations on technical assessment. Four scenarios are developed that covers the ti me span from 2000 to 2020. Being technology as a fundamental driving factor of the evolution of energy systems, it is essential to study the basic mechanisms of technological change and its role in developing more efficient, productive and clean energy systems. For this reasons, the learning curves on technologies for greenhouse gas reduction is specially considered. The analysis in this study shows that it is not easy to mitigate greenhouse gas with low cost in cement manufacturing industry under the current cap and trade method of Kyoto protocol.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.3-15
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• 2024

Environmental awareness is rising worldwide. however, cement manufacturing facilities use recycled resources to improve raw material and fuel substitution rates, contributing to environmental issues such as waste disposal. The emission of sulfur oxides (SOx), an air pollutant, has been regulated by limestone as raw material in cement manufacturing. However, the impact of increasing use of recycled resources on future facility processes and environmental changes is unclear. Therefore, the cement manufacturing facilities require desulfurization-related technologies and research. In this study, we investigated the applicability of desulfurization technology to cement manufacturing facilities and demonstrated various approaches to applying this technology using byproducts generated in cement manufacturing.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.35-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify the health promotion behavior(HPB) of the labor workers at the cement manufacturing company based on the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1996). Data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from 180 blue workers at the 2 cement factories under the permission of data collection and cooperation with managers in the factories. For data analysis, Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, Multiple regression with SPSS/PC + 10.0 version were used. The results were as follows: 1. The average scores for the HPB, consisted of 6 subdimensions was 2.74. The highest mean score was 2.88 in 'Exercise' and the lowest on was 2.58 'Responsibility of health'. 2. The score of the HPB was statistically different according to educational level(p<.00l), perceived health status(p<.00l) and satisfaction of working environment(p<.05). 3. HPB was positively related to age(p<.05), perceived health status(p<.00l), job satisfaction(p<.05), and satisfaction of working environment(p<.05), while it showed negative correlation with educational level(p<.01). 4. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, factors affecting HPB were perceived health status and education level explained 20.3% of variance. From this research findings, we need to different approach in develop health promotion program of Cement manufacturing company workers and focusing on improvement to job satisfaction and satisfaction of working environment.

• Cement Symposium
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• no.5
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• pp.17-36
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• 1977

Features of past and present development of concrete technology and uses in Denmark will be mentioned to exemplify the general trend showing that industrial processing and product development is about to improve the utilization of cement considerably, com

• Cement Symposium
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• no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 1973

In cement industry in which three or more raw materials are used, the proportioning of raw materials is an essential step. When the materials are proportioned, each should be as nearly homogeneous chemically and physically as conditions permit. Most of th

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2008

Rotary kiln in cement work has been evaluated for a wide variety of organic wastes such as wood, used tyres, plastic wastes and automobile shredder residue (ASR). However the presence of chlorine hampers the use of ASR as fuel in rotary kiln. Therefore, the behavior characteristics of chlorine components in rotary kiln should be considered to develop an effective method for ASR treatment to recovery energy resources. The aim of this paper is to present the chlorine control system applied to a cement manufacturing process for ASR use as an alternative fuel. In this work, the simulation of bypass unit and cyclones for chlorine control in rotary kiln has been studied and compared with the operation results of field test.

• Cement
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• s.30
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• pp.44-50
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• 1969

To manufacture portland cement and sulfuric acid from gypsum has long been established in Europe. As sulfur, more Precisely sulfuric acid, is getting around shortage, it boosts hunt for alternate sources and for new fertilizer process. As the result, all

• Cement Symposium
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• no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 1973

Improvement of grinding efficiency about open circuit grinding mill in cement production was investigated and the results were as follows; 1. Controlled the steel ball by charging ratio. 2. Raised the slot ratio from 3$\%$ to 4.5$\%$