• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2013

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious condition associated with social and familial burden, as well as significant neurologic deficit. Despite the many advances in the treatment of spinal cord injury, a fundamental treatment for neurologic functional recovery has not yet been developed. In this article, we review two directions of development for spinal cord injury treatment: neuroprotective pharmacological agents and axon-regenerating cell therapy. We expect developments in these two to lead to improve functional recovery in patients with spinal cord injuries and to reduce burdens on society, as well as the patients' families.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2002

By considering the biological properties of a tumor, it should be possible to realize better results in cancer therapy. PET imaging offers the opportunity to measure tumor growth non-invasively and repeatedly as an early assessment of response to cancer therapy. Measuring cellular growth instead of energy metabolism showed offer significant advantages in evaluating therapy. Thymidine and its derivative nucleoside compounds can be changed to mono, di- and tri- phosphate compounds by thymidine kinase and then be incorporated into DNA. Their bindings are increased in highly proliferating cells due to the high DNA synthesis rate. To evaluate cell proliferation, many kinds of thymidine and uridine derivatives have been labeled with positron emitter and radioactive iodine. Compared to radiopharmaceuticals which have radioisotope labeled base ring such as pyirmidine, the radiopharmacuticals which have radioisotope labeled sugar ring are more stable in vivo and have metabolic resistance. The biological properties such as DNA incorporation ratios are highly dependent on their chemical structures and metabolic processes. This overview describes synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals and their biological properties for imaging of tumor cell proliferation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2019

The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells using gene transfer opens new areas for precision medicine with personalized cell therapy and encourages the discovery of essential platforms for targeted drug development. iPSCs retain the genome of the donor, may regenerate indefinitely, and undergo differentiation into virtually any cell type of interest using a range of published protocols. There has been enormous interest among researchers regarding the application of iPSC technology to regenerative medicine and human disease modeling, in particular, modeling of neurologic diseases using patient-specific iPSCs. For instance, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and spinal cord injuries may be treated with iPSC therapy or replacement tissues obtained from iPSCs. In this review, we discuss the work so far on generation and characterization of iPSCs and focus on recent advances in the use of human iPSCs in clinical setting.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.299-303
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• 2017

An 11-year-old neutered male Maltese presented for radiation therapy for nasal transitional cell carcinoma. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) was provided for the owner's request. Clinical signs improved 6 days after radiation therapy. Adverse effects including alopecia and pigmentation on the facial region were observed at 21 days after radiation therapy. The first follow-up computed tomography (CT) 96 days after SBRT revealed that the nasal tumor had decreased by 60.63% compared with the pre-treatment volume. Clinical signs related with the tumor reassigned 151 days after SBRT, and the second follow-up CT revealed tumor relapse. The patient was died 238 days after SBRT due to tumor relapse. SBRT showed a good tumor control effect with relatively mild radiation toxicity relative to other radiation therapy modalities, in accordance with a previous study. Further studies are needed to establish an effective treatment protocol, such as total dose, fractional dose, and inter-fractional period, in canine malignant nasal tumors.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.8.1-8.15
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• 2020

Immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 has resulted in unprecedented clinical benefit for cancer patients. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy has become the standard treatment for diverse cancer types as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer therapies, and its indications are expanding. However, many patients do not benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy due to primary and/or acquired resistance, which is a major obstacle to broadening the clinical applicability of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. In addition, hyperprogressive disease, an acceleration of tumor growth following anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, has been proposed as a new response pattern associated with deleterious prognosis. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy can also cause a unique pattern of adverse events termed immune-related adverse events, sometimes leading to treatment discontinuation and fatal outcomes. Investigations have been carried out to predict and monitor treatment outcomes using peripheral blood as an alternative to tissue biopsy. This review summarizes recent studies utilizing peripheral blood immune cells to predict various outcomes in cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2005

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are multipotent cells that reside in the bone marrow and replenish all adult hematopoietic lineages throughoutthe lifetime. In this study, we analyzed the expression of receptors of $P2Y_{10}$, purinergic receptor families in murine hematopoietic stem cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells. In addition, the biological activity of $P2Y_{10}$ was investigated with B lymphocyte cell line, Ba/F3 in effect to cell growth and cell cycle. From the analysis of expression in hematopoieticstem cell. and progenitor with RT-PCR, $P2Y_{10}$ was strongly expressed in murine hematopoieticstem cells (c-kit+ Sca-l+ Lin-) and progenitor cell population, such as c-kit- Sca-l+ Lin-, c-kit+ Sca-l- Lin- and c-kit- Sca-l- Lin-. To investigate the biological effects by $P2Y_{10}$, retroviral vector from subcloned murine $P2Y_{10}$ cDNA was used fur gene introduction into Ba/F3 cells, and stable transfectant cells were obtained by flow cytometry sorting. In cell proliferation assay, the proliferation ability of $P2Y_{10}$ receptor gene­transfected cells was strongly inhibited, and the cell cycle was arrested at G1 phase. These result suggest that the $P2Y_{10}$ may be involved the biological activity in hematopoietic stem cells and immature B lymphocytes.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.227-237
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• 2009

최근 골수와 혈액으로 유래된 중간엽 줄기세포와 비슷한 능력을 가지는 것으로 알려진 지방 유래 중간엽줄기세포가 새로운 세포 치료제로 떠오르고 있다. 하지만 줄기세포를 이용하여 치료하려는 질병은 나이가 들어감에 따라 발병하는 퇴행성 질환들이 대부분인데, 노화가 진행됨에 따라 줄기세포의 능력이 차이가 있다고 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 노화가 일어남에 따라 발생되는 신경성 질환을 자가 유래 지방 중간엽 줄기세포를 이용하여 치료함에 있어서 노화가 진행됨에 따라 얻어진 지방줄기세포가 세포학적으로 변화는 없는지에 대해 줄기세포 성장능, 생존율과 신경세포로의 분화유도 능력을 비교하였다. 30대, 40대, 50대에서 사람 지방 유래 줄기세포를 분리 배양하여 연령별 계대에 따른 세포수와 생존율을 측정하고, 줄기세포 성장능력을 비교 분석하였고, 지방 줄기세포를 신경세포 배양 조건 하에서 10일 동안 배양하여 신경 분화능력을 연령별로 비교하였다. 실험결과, 세포수와 생존율, 세포 모양이 연령과 계대별에 의해 차이가 없다는 것을 확인하였다. 신경 분화 후 면역형광염색법을 통해 분석한 결과, 연령에 따른 신경 분화능력의 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 분자 유전적학으로 신경세포 마커의 발현을 mRNA 수준에서 분석한 결과, 연령별 간의 차이가 몇 개의 유전자 발현을 제외하고는 차이가 발견되지 못했다. 하지만 계대가 진행될수록 50대군의 줄기세포에서 MAP2와 Sox2의 mRNA 발현이 30대군의 줄기세포에 비해 상대적으로 낮게 발현됨이 확인되었다. 결론적으로 자가 지방 중간엽 줄기세포의 신경세포 분화능력이 연령에 상관없이 차이가 없음이 관찰되었으며, 이는 나이 든 사람으로부터 얻어진 지방 줄기세포도 젊은 사람에서 얻어진 세포와 마찬가지 능력으로 자가 세포 치료제로 사용될 수 있다는 점을 말해주고 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Because of the side effects and incomplete recovery from current therapy, stem cell therapy emerges as a potential therapy for CVD treatment, and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) is one of the key stem cells used for therapeutic applications. The effect of this therapy required the expansion of EPC function. To enhance the EPC activation, proliferation, and angiogenesis using dronedarone hydrochloride (DH) is the purpose of this study. DH received approval for atrial fibrillation treatment and its cardiovascular protective effects were already reported. In this study, DH significantly increased EPC proliferation, tube formation, migration, and maintained EPCs surface marker expression. In addition, DH treatment up-regulated the phosphorylation of AKT and reduced the reactive oxygen species production. In summary, the cell priming by DH considerably improved the functional activity of EPCs, and the use of which might be a novel strategy for CVD treatment.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.760-765
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• 2008

Low power laser therapy is internationally certified and is known to be effective in stimulating DNA in living organisms, increasing protein synthesis and activating cell division, smoothing blood circulation, promoting cell activation, cell regeneration and function. It also has anti-inflammatory, anti-edemic, anti-fibrous dysplastic and neuralogic hyperfunctional effects. This study was intended to verify the effect of LED irradiation therapy on wound healing in cell and animal tests by applying LED irradiator using a laser and laser diode, which was independently designed and developed to emit beams of similar wavelength to that of a laser. This equipment was fabricated using a micro-controller and a high brightness LED, and designed to enable us to control light irradiation time, intensity and reservation. In case of cell proliferation experiment, each experiment was performed to irradiation group and non-irradiation group for tissue cells. MTT assay method was chosen to verify the cell increase of two groups and the effect of irradiation on cell proliferation was examined by measuring 590 nm transmittance of micro-plate reader. In the wound healing experiment, 1$cm^2$ wounds on the skin wound of SD-Rat(Sprague-Dawley Rat) were made. Light irradiation group and none light irradiation group divided, each group was irradiated one hour a day for 9 days. As a result, the cell increase of tissue cells was verified in irradiation group as compared to non-irradiation group. And, compared with none light irradiation group, the lower incidence of inflammation and faster recovery was shown in light irradiation group.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2021

Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects one-third of the world's population, has been reported to hijack host cell apoptotic machinery and promote either an anti- or proapoptotic program depending on the parasite virulence and load and the host cell type. However, little is known about the regulation of human FHs 74 small intestinal epithelial cell viability in response to T. gondii infection. Here we show that T. gondii RH strain tachyzoite infection or ESP treatment of FHs 74 Int cells induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in host cells. Pretreatment with 4-PBA inhibited the expression or activation of key molecules involved in ER stress. In addition, both T. gondii and ESP challenge-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death were dramatically suppressed in 4-PBA pretreated cells. Our study indicates that T. gondii infection induced ER stress in FHs 74 Int cells, which induced mitochondrial dysfunction followed by apoptosis. This may constitute a potential molecular mechanism responsible for the foodborne parasitic disease caused by T. gondii.