• 약학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.202-211
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• 1996

Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the immunobiological effects on route of administration of amygdalin(AM). Rats were administered orally at 12.5, 25, or 50mg/kg/day of AM or injected wtih 25,50, or 100mg/kg/day of AM intravenously for 2 weeks. Rats were immunized and challenged with sheep red blood cells(SRBC). The results of this study were summarized as follows;(1) In oral administration of AM, body weight gains were significantly increased by 50mg/kg AM as compared with controls, the relative weights of liver and thymus also were significantly increased by 12.5 and 25mg/kg AM. However, 2-mercaptoethanol-resistant hemagglutination titier (2-MER HA), Plaque forming cells (PFC) and rosette forming cells (RFC) were non-dose dependently decreased. Phagocytic activity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction also were significantly decreased by 50mg/kg AM. (2) In intravenous injection of AM, body weight gains, hemagglutination titer (HA), 2MER-HA, DTH reaction, PFC, RFC and circulating leukocytes were not influenced by AM. However, the relative weights of liver, spleen and thymus were significantly enhanced 100mg/kg AM. These results indicated that oral administration of AM non-dose dependently suppresses humoral and cell-mediated immunity in SD rats, and that intravenous injection of AM is unaffected humoral and cell-mediated immunity, however, the high dose of it significantly enhances phagocytic activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.326-334
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• 1996

Effects of methanol extract of Astragali Radix (AR) on the immune responses were studied using ICR mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups (10mice/group), and methanol extracts of AR at doses of 0.05, 0.25 and 1.25g/kg were orally administered to ICR mice once a day for 2 weeks. Mice were immunized and challenged with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The results of this study were summarized as follows; (1) Methanol extract of AR at 0.05, 0.25 and 1.25g/kg didn't affect the weight ratios of thymus to body, as compared with those in controls, but significantly increased spleen weight ratio. (2)Methanol extract of AR at 0.05 and 0.25g/kg significantly increased hemagglutination titer and splenic plaque forming cells corresponding to humoral immunity, as compared with those in controls, but their enhancements were somewhat lowered at a high dose (1.25g/kg). (3) Methanol extract of AR at 0.05 and 0.25g/kg siginificantly increased delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction resulted from cell-mediated immunity, as compared with those in controls, but not so significant increases were observed at a high dose (1.25g/kg). (4) Methanol extract of AR at 0.05 and 0.25g/kg significantly increased phagocytic activity and the number of circulating leukocyte compared with those in controls, but their enhancements were lowered at a high dose (1.25g/kg). These results suggest that methanol extract of Astragali Radix increased humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, phagocytic activity and the number of circulating leukocyte, dependent upon dose, but inhibited their enhancement effects were decreased at a high dose (1.25g/kg).

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2022

Background: Occupational hazards in crop farms vary diversely based on different field operations as soil management, harvesting processes, pesticide, or fertilizer application. We aimed at evaluating the immunological status of crop farmers, as limited systematic investigations on immune alteration involved with crop farming have been reported yet. Methods: Immunological parameters including plasma immunoglobulin level, major peripheral immune cells distribution, and level of cytokine production from activated T cell were conducted. Nineteen grape orchard, 48 onion open-field, and 21 rose greenhouse farmers were participated. Results: Significantly low proportion of natural killer (NK) cell, a core cell for innate immunity, was revealed in the grape farmers (19.8±3.3%) in comparison to the onion farmers (26.4±3.1%) and the rose farmers (26.9±2.5%), whereas cytotoxic T lymphocyte proportion was lower in the grape and the onion farmers than the rose farmers. The proportion of NKT cell, an immune cell implicated with allergic response, was significantly higher in the grape (2.3±0.3%) and the onion (1.6±0.8%) farmers compared with the rose farmers (1.0±0.4%). A significantly decreased interferon-gamma:interleukin-13 ratio was observed from ex vivo stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells of grape farmers compared with the other two groups. The grape farmers revealed the lowest levels of plasma IgG1 and IgG4, and their plasma IgE level was not significantly different from that of the onion or the rose farmers. Conclusion: Our finding suggests the high vulnerability of workplace-mediated allergic immunity in grape orchard farmers followed by open-field onion farmers and then the rose greenhouse farmers.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.143-154
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• 1990

병원성이 강한 Acanthamoeba culbertsoni에 감염된 마우스를 감염 정도에 따라 경(輕)감염, 중(中)등 감염, 중(重)감염 실험군으로 나누었을 때 감염 기간에 따라 발현되는 세포 매개성 면역반응의 차이를 지연형 과민반응, T와 B림프구의 아세포화 정도 및 자연 살세포의 독성을 통하여 곤찰하고 또한 혈청내 항체가를 측정하였다. 감염 마우스의 사망율은 $3{\times}10^3$개의 아메바 영양형을 감염시킨 경(輕) 감염군에서는 17%였으며, $1{\times}10^4$개를 감염시킨 중(中)등 감염군에서는 34%, $1{\times}10^5$개를 감염시킨 중(重) 감염군에서는 65%였다. 세포 매개성 면역을 관찰하기 위한 지연형 과민반응의 변동을보면 각 실험군 모두에서 감염 후 7일째 발바닥의 두께가 유의하게 증가하였으나 감염 후 14일째에는 감소하였고 각 실험군 간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었으며 각 실험군과 대조군 간에도 유의한 차이가 없었다. A. culbertsoni lysate 및 B 림프구 mitogen인 LPS에 의한 비장세포의 아세포화는 관찰되지 않았으며, T림프구 mitogen인 con. A로 처리한 비장세포의 아세포화 정도는 각 실험군 모두에서 감염 7일 이후 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였으며 B림프구 mitogen인 poly I 처리시는 실험군 모두에게 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 그리고 con. A와 poly I에 의한 아세포화 정도에 있어서 각 실험군 간에 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. 자연살세포의 세포 독성은 실험군 모두에게 대조군에 비해 감염 후 1일째에 증가되었고 감염 후 5일째에는 유의하게 감소하였다. 그러나 각 실험군 간에 세포독성의 유의한 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 혈청내 항체가는 각 실험군 모두에서 감염 7일 이후부터 대조군에 비해 계속 증가하였으나 각 실험군 간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2013

It is unknown how soluble pattern-recognition receptors in blood, such as mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolins, modulate mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses. We investigate how mouse MBL-A or ficolin-A regulate mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs)-derived inflammatory response against bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. LPS-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine productions on mBMMCs obtained from Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4)-deficient mice, TLR2-defficient mice, and their wildtype, were specifically attenuated by the addition of either mouse MBL-A or ficolin-A in a dose-dependent manner. However, the inhibitory effects by mouse MBL-A or ficolin-A were restored by the addition of mannose or N-acetylglucosamine, respectively. These results suggest that mouse MBL-A and ficolin-A bind to LPS via its carbohydrate-recognition domain and fibrinogen-like domain, respectively, whereby cytokine production by LPS-mediated TLR4 in mBMMCs appears to be down-regulated, indicating that mouse MBL and ficolin may have an inhibitory function toward mouse TLR4-mediated excessive inflammation on the mast cells.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2009

DNA immunization induces B and T cell responses to various pathogens and tumors. However, these responses are known to be relatively weak and often transient. Thus, novel strategies are necessary for enhancing immune responses induced by DNA immunization. Here, we demonstrated that co-immunization of influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) gene significantly enhances humoral and cell-mediated responses to codelivered antigens in mice. We also found that NP DNA coimmunization augments in vivo proliferation of adoptively transferred antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, which enhanced protective immunity against tumor challenge. Our results suggest that NP DNA can serve as a novel genetic adjuvant in cocktail DNA vaccination.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.946-951
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• 2003

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Maekmoondong-tang(MMDT) on the activity of immune cell. The addition of MMDT(10 ㎍/㎖) enhanced the proliferation of cultured-splenocytes and thymocytes. And administration of MMDT(250, 500 ㎎/㎏) accelerated subpopulation of splenic T lymphocytes in BALB/c mice. In contrast, the treatment of the high concentration (500 ㎎/㎏)of MMDT were decreased thymic T lymphocytes. Administration of MMDT(250, 500 ㎎/㎏) eminently enhanced the production of IFN-γ. And MMDT did not affect the cell viability of Jurkat leukemia cells. These results suggest that MMDT have a immunoregulatory effect via enhanced cell mediated immunity

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.104-104
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• 1995

Morphine produces wide-spread immunesuppression, such as lymphokine production, phagocytic activity, natural killer cell activity, cell proliferation, and cell-mediated immunity. On the other hand, one of the representative pharmacological act ions of Panax ginseng is immune enhancement. In this study, we investigated the effects of ginseng total sponin (GTS), and Adaptagen (trade name of ginseng product) on morphine-induced immunesuppression. Morphine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg, sc), GTS (400 mg/kg, oral), Adaptagen (400 mg/kg, oral ) were administered to mice for 14 consecutive days.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.149-170
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• 1999

Protozoa of the genus Eimeria are the etiologic agents of avian coccidiosis, the most economically important Parasitic disease for the poultry industry. Coccidia multiply in intestinal epithelial cells of a wide range of hosts, including livestock in addition to poultry. Chemotherapy is extensively used to control coccidiosis. However, development of drug resistance by Eimeria parasites, the intensive cost and labor involved in the identification of new anticoccidial compounds and public awareness of drug residues in foods warrant alternative methods to prevent coccidiocic in the fast growing poultry industry. For these reasons, there is a great interest in developing vaccines against avian coccidiosis. Live Eimeria vaccines confer protective immunity, however a significant disadvantage of using these types of vaccines is their pathogenicity. Live parasites with attenuated pathogenicity also usually produce immunity but may revert back to a pathogenic form and may be contaminated with other pathogenic organisms. Killed Eimeria vaccines are safer but, unlike live attenuated vaccines, are not able to generate cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. Recombinant vaccines are biochemically purified proteins produced by genetic engineering that consist of particular epitopes or metabolites of Eimeria. Unlike live attenuated organisms, recombinant vaccines do not possess as much risk and generally are able to induce both humoral and cell mediated immunity. DNA vaccines consist of genes encoding immunogenic proteins of pathogens that are directly administered into the host in a manner that the gene is expressed and the resulting protein generates a protective immune response. Although all of these different types of vaccines have been applied to coccidiosis, this disease continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality in the poultry industry. Future development of an effective vaccine against coccidiosis will depend on further investigation of protective immunity to Eimeria infection and identification of important immundgenic parasite molecules.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.823-830
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• 1995

연구배경: 결핵감염시 세포매개성 면역반응이 관여하여 말초혈액내 조력 T 세포가 감소하는 것으로 알려저왔다. 그러나 말초혈액내 표지물질을 가진 세포의 수적 감소가 세포매개성 면연반응의 저하라고 할 수있지 여부가 앞으로 해결해야 될 문제인 것으로 지적되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 폐결핵 환자들의 말초혈액에서 활성화된, 또는 활성화 되고 있은 세포의 수적변화를 관찰하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 객담 결핵균 양성인 폐결핵 환자 22명을 대상으로 말초혈액에서 IL-2R, VLA-1, TLiSAI의 활성화 표지에 대한 단세포군 항체를 면역조직 화학법으로 측정하였다. 결과: 1) 폐결핵 환자의 말포혈액에서 $T_1$(+) 세포 및 그 아형들의 단위 부피당 절대수는 $T_4$(+) 세포는 유의하게 감소하였고 $T_8$(+) 세포는 증가하였다(p<0.05). 2) 폐결핵 환자에서 전체 T임파구의 비율은 감소되어 있으며 $T_4$(+) 세포, $T_8$(+) 세포비율은 각각 유의하게 감소, 증가하였다. 또한 $T_4(+)/T_8(+)$ 비율도 유의한 감소가 있었다(p<0.05). 3) 폐결핵 환자에서 activated T cell의 단위 부피당 절대수는 대조군에 비해 모두 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<0.05). 4) 폐결핵 환자에서 activated T cell 비율은, IL-2R, VLA-1, TLiSAI, 각각 6.45+1.56%, 7.64+1.34%, 10.45+1.16%로 모두 대조군에 비해 모두 유의한 증가를 보이며 특히 TLiSAI 항체가 가장 많이 관찰 되었다. 결론: 폐결핵 감염시 말초혈액 임파구의 일부만이 활성화되어 세포매개성 면역반응에 참여하는 것으로 사료된다.