A case of Behcet's syndrome found in a 22 years old male was is reported along with the histological and immunohistochemical studiesfindings. He The patient had had received prolonged medical therapy of anti-inflammatory agents for the conjunctival ulcer, genital ulcer, oral ulcer, and intestinal ulcers since the first onset of the Behcet's syndrome about approximately 7 years agoearlier. Recently, he felt the athickening of both corners of his lip causing that caused mouth opening difficultydifficulties. A plastic rReconstructive surgery was performed to enlarge the size of the oral orifice by multiple Z-plasty incisions, and finallywhich resulted in proper enlargement of the circumferential length of the lip. During the operation, a scar-like thick fibrous tissue was obtained and examined pathologically. In theThe microscopic observation the revealed the submucosal lesion was to be diffusely fibrosed with the a distribution of sclerotic collagen bundles. Particularly, sSeveral foci of collagen degeneration were found observed in the deep connective tissue, and the degenerating collagen bundles were gradually lost their fibrillar appearance. In the immunohistochemical observations, the foci of collagen degeneration was were strongly positive for IgK, but almost negative for TNF${\alpha}$ lysozyme, and MMP-3. Taken together, it was presumed that tThe submucosal fibrosis was presumed to have firstly presented in this study was probablybeeninduced by the prolonged anti-inflammatory therapy, which may inhibit the removal of sclerosed collagen bundles by the cell-mediated immunity and proteolytic digestion of macrophages, and that it was secondarily aggravated by the deposition of immunoglobulins derived from an autoimmune origin. Therefore, even after the successful plastic surgery of the lip to ameliorate the mouth opening difficulty, the recurrent submucosal fibrosis of lip should be carefully managed in the follow-up treatment.
The increase in alcohol consumption level has been noticed in Korea recently. Alcohol appreciably inhibits cell mediated immunity and this may contribute to the high prevalence of serious infection such as pulmonary tuberculosis among alcoholic subjects. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of ethanol on the cyclooxygenase metabolites of human monocyte in vitro. Monocytes were activated with 800 units of gamma interferon(IFN-${\gamma}$) for 3 days following apply of Ficool-hypaque density gradient and gelatin coated flasks for separation of monocytes. Ethanol with addition of 100mM, 300mM and 600 mM for 30 minutes to 106 monocytes with/without previous IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment caused a dose dependent decrease in the production of thromboxane B2, 6-keto-PGE1$\alpha$ and PGE2 by radioimmunoassay at 6 hours after ethanol treatment. Quite different from the findings after 6 hours there was dose dependent increase in three prostaglandins without IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment after 24 hours of incubation. With previous treatment of IFN-${\gamma}$ reduced productions of three prostaglandins at 24 hours than control is spite of ethanol stimjulation. These findings show that IFN-${\gamma}$ can inhibit alcohol induced derangement of arachidonic acid metabolism of monocytes.
Aspergillus Infection is a major.cause of mortality in individuals with depressed cell-mediated immunity. Despite therapy with intravenous amphotericin B and oral antifungal agents, high mortality has been reported among heart transplant recipients. We experienced two cases of pulmonary aspergillosis among 15 heart transplantation cases. Both cases were similiar in terms of age, time of diagnosis, and medication. Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy revealed Aspergillus fumigatus in both cases. The thirst case showed multiple aspergilloma on both lung fields and were treated by IV Amphotericin B and oral itraconazole. After completion of treatment, the lesion completely disappeared and he has been followed up for more than one year in his good condition. The second case showed a single nodule on his right lower lung field and were treated by both medication and surgery. The patient recovered well and had been doing well until 4th postoperative month when he developed humoral rejection and expired.
Plasma concentrations of Vitamins E and A were measured in 15 non-insulin dependent Korean female subjects and 15 age-matched normal subjects using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. No differences were found in plasma Vitamin E concentrations between the 2 groups. Plasma Vitamin A concentrations were higher in subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes melitus (NIDDM). The effects were evaluated of 4 weeks of daily supplementation of 400 mg Vitamin E on plasma levels of these two vitamins. In addition, the effects were observed for Vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress and immune-related compound productions in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients and control subjects. After treatment with Vitamin E, plasma Vitamin E concentrations were significantly elevated in both groups. Basal plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBABS) were identical, and a decreased level of TBARS caused by Vitamin E was observed only in the diabetic group (0.02739$\pm$0.0024 versus 0.01814$\pm$0.0008 nmols malondialdehyde equivalents/dl plasma ; p<0.05). The basal and after-treatment levels of immunoglobulins A, G, M were identical in control and diabetic groups, indicating that Vitamin E did not appear to alter gross humoral responses in this study. However, elevation of Complement 3 ($C_3$) was noticed due to Vitamin E supplementation, revealing a possible effect of vitamin E on one aspect of humoral immunity, Furthermore, an increase in prostaglandin E_2 ($PGE_2$) levels in diabetic patients was normalized by Vitamin E supplementation. This suggests indirectly that the depressed cell-mediated response due to elevated $PGE_2$ could be normalized. For the definitive antioxidant intake recommendations for prevention and treatment of adverse effects of non-insulin dependent diabetes, evidence from intervention trials like this study should be collected. The present data suggests that Vitamin E may oxen some protective effects against oxidative damage and might have beneficial effects of partial immune-stimulation.
Background: The mushroom Phellinus linteus (PL) has been shown to have the anti-tumor and immunostimulatory effects. We hypothesized that the hot water extract of PL (WEPL) exerts its significant immunostimulatory effect by inducing production of the Th1-derived cytokine interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) by T lymphocytes. Methods: T lymphocytes were isolated from the mice fed with 200 mg/kg of WEPL once a day for 4 weeks, and then stimulated with the mitogen concanavaline A (Con A). IFN-${\gamma}$ gene and intracellular protein expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. The production of IFN-${\gamma}$ was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: WEPL significantly enhanced the transcription of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA. The effect of WEPL on IFN-${\gamma}$ expression was further supported by a concomitant increase in the number of cells with intracellular IFN-${\gamma}$ protein as well as the secretion of IFN-${\gamma}$. However, WEPL did not modulate either gene expression or protein secretion of interleukin-4, a Th2-associated cytokine, by Con A-stimulated T lymphocytes. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that one of the potentially beneficial anti-tumor and immunostimulatory effects of WEPL may be mediated through the enhancement of IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion by T lymphocytes.
Kim, Deog-Kyeom;Kim, Bum-Joon;Kook, Yoon-Ho;Lee, Chun-Taek;Yoo, Churl-Gyoo;Kim, Young-Whan;Han, Sung-Koo;Shim, Young-Soo
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
/
v.47
no.5
/
pp.697-703
/
1999
Mycobacterium celatum is a recently described nontuberculous mycobacterium. Even though pulmonary or lymphatic infection cases were reported previously in human, the clinical significance of the infection with M. celatum is not yet understood completely. Mast infections with this species occurred in the patients with suppressed cell-mediated immunity such as AIDS, and there are only a few cases of pulmonary infection with M. celatum in immunocompetent adults or infants in the world. In Korea, mycobacterial pulmonary infection is a major problem of respiratory disease but, there has been no pulmonary infection with M. celatum reported. We report, to our knowledge, the first Korean case of pulmonary infection with M. celatum, which was identified by rpoB genomic sequencing.
Strongylodiasis is universal in distribution but is most abundant in countries with a tropical climate. Although infestation by Strongyloides stercoralis is usually limited to the intestines, dessemination of this helminth in debilitated host can be lead to death with various clinical disorders, characterized by profound malabsorption, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, gram negative or opportunistic fungal sepsis, coma and death. Cell-mediated immunity contributing significantly to the control of helminthic infections, may be suppressed by carcinoma, immunosuppressive chemotherapy and use of corticosteroids. Diagnosis of Strongyloidiasis is achieved by an examination of samples of feces, duodenal aspirates and sputum of patients for Strongyloides stercoralis. Treatment of strongyloidiasis is twofold: correction of the immunosuppressive state by withdrawal of immunosuppressive drug, if possible, and vigorous treatment with thiabendazole. Testing for strongyloidiasis is especially recommanded before treating a patients should be monitored for infection by Strongyloides stercoralis and other opportunistic infection. We are reporting a case patient with Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection and pulmonary tuberculosis who had been used corticosteroid for persisting polyarthritis.
A five-week trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic chromium from different sources on growth performance, immune response and serum parameters of weaned pigs. One hundred and eighty Tianjin white pigs weaned at $35{\pm}1$ days of age, were allotted to three treatments with six replicates and10 pigs per pen. Pigs were fed corn-soybean-whey-fishmeal basal diets with either no supplemental Cr, $200{\mu}g/kg$ Cr as chromium picolinate (CrPi), or $200{\mu}g/kg$ Cr as chromium yeast (Cr-yeast). To assess humoral immune response, all pigs were immunized with swine fever virus on day 21 and two pigs from each pen were immunized with pure albumin on day 14. Cell-mediated immunity was measured by determining the double skinfold thickness (DST) of two pigs from each pen before and 24h after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) on day 28. The results indicated that: (1) diets with Cr-yeast increased average daily gain (ADG, p<0.05) and tended to increase average daily feed intake (ADFI, p<0.10). Diets with CrPi did not increase ADG and ADFI (p>0.05). (2) Dietary CrPi or Cr-yeast supplementation did not affect blood urea nitrogen, glucose, or cholesterol (p>0.05), but blood urea nitrogen in CrPi and Cr-yeast supplemented groups and blood glucose in the Cr-yeast supplemented group were significantly influenced by sampling days (p<0.05). (3) Serum proteins (TP, ALB, and GLB) were influenced by sampling days (p<0.05), but not by dietary Cr treatment (p>0.10). (4) There were no significant differences among treatments in the titers of albumin antibody and swine fever virus antibody (p>0.05) or DST before and after PHA stimulation (p>0.05), indicating that organic chromium has no significant effect on the immune function of weaning pigs. Therefore, these results agree with other research that the effects of supplemental Cr are variable in weanling pigs.
Two experiments were conducted to standardize in ovo injection of amino acids (AA) and to evaluate the effect of in ovo injection of limiting AA(s) on pre and post hatch growth performance, immune response and development of digestive organs. Combinations of essential and non-essential amino acids (Lys+Arg, Lys+Met+Cys, Thr+Gly+Ser, Ile+Leu+Val and Gly+Pro) were injected into 50 eggs in each treatment group at 14 d of embryonic age. Standardization of injection site, needle length and embryonic age revealed that when AA were injected in to the broad end of the egg with a 11 mm needle and at the narrow end with a 24 mm needle both at the 7$^{th}$ and 14$^{th}$ d of incubation there was poor hatchability. However, better hatchability was recorded when the AA were injected in the narrow end of the egg with a 11 mm needle and in the broad end with a 24 mm needle on the 14$^{th}$ d of incubation. The chick to egg weight ratio was higher (p<0.018) when AA were injected on the 14$^{th}$ d of incubation. When a combination of amino acids were injected a 63.6 or 63.2 g difference in body weight of bird at 21 d was recorded between uninjected control and Ile+Leu+Val or Gly+Pro group, respectively. Higher feed intake (p<0.047) was recorded in the AA injected groups and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was numerically better in Gly+Pro, Lys+Met+Cys AA injected groups than in the uninjected control. Significantly higher immune response to cell mediated (p<0.033) and humoral (p<0.002) immunity was observed in in ovo amino acid injected birds, especially in Lys+Met+Cys, Thr+Gly+Ser or Ile+leu+Val groups. The digestive organ weights at 21 d did not differ between specific AA injected groups and the uninjected control. In ovo injected amino acids may act as immunomodulators and their role in gastrointestinal development needs further research.
The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
/
v.21
no.2
/
pp.251-259
/
1986
This study was performed to assess the effect of inosiplex(ISP) on the resistance of mice Candida albicans infection, the migration of chicken leukocytes, the production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor(LIF), and the cell-mediated immunity(CMI) to lepomin in multibacillary lepromatous leprosy patients. The treatment with ISP before or on the time of infection with C. albicans had no or deliterious effect, and treatment with ISP after infection had no effect on the recovery of C. albicans from the kidneys of mice. The migratory ability of chicken leukocytes and the production of LIF from splenocytes of mice were not affected by ISP treatment. However, ISP decreased the migration of chicken leukocytes in vitro, and this decrease was dose-dependent. The therapy of lepromatous leprosy patients with ISP for 10 or 30 days clearly showed the increase of the significant positive rate of Mitsuda skin test to lepromin. The immune recovery as a result of the therapy was found to be the best in the group of patients treated for 30 days. This results suggest that (1) the effect of ISP in renal candidiasis can vary depending on the time of treatment relative to infection, (2) ISP can primarily change the migratory ability of chicken leukocytes but does not affect the production of LIF in mice, and (3) the classical therapy combined with ISP can reinforce or restore the defences of lepromatous leprosy patients against Mycobacterium leprae.
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