• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.252.1-252.1
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• 2010

These studies convert to useful electricity from swine wastewater and to treat this wastewater. In order to operate the microbial fuel cell(MFC) for the swine wastewater, the anode volume of MFCs was scaled up with 5L in the vacant condition. Graphite felts and low-priced mesh stainless-less as electrode had mixed up and packed into the anode compartment. The meshed stainless-less electrode could also be acted the collector of electron produced by microorganisms in anode. For a cathode compartment, graphite felt loaded Pt/C catalyst was used. Graphite felt electrode embedded in the anode compartment was punched holds at regular intervals to prevent occurred the channeling phenomenon. The sources of seeding on microbial fuel cell was used a mixture of swine wastewater and anaerobic digestion sludge(1:1). It was enriched within 6 days. Swine wastewater was fed with 53.26 ml/min flow rate. The MFCs produced a current of about 17 mA stably used swine wastewater with $3,167{\pm}80mg/L$. The maximum power density and current density was 680 $mW/m^3$ and 3,770 $mA/m^3$, respectively. From these results it is showed that treatment of swine wastewater synchronizes with electricity generation using modified low priced microbial fuel cell.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.27-31
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• 2005

Objectives : The anticancer response of three different types of water extracts of Zingiberaceae Curcuma longa L. tested for sarcoma 180. Only few studies carried out to investigate the effects of other contents of Curcuma longa L. in anticancer activities, therefore, in this study we have investigated the effects of other component then curcumin in Curcuma longa L. for anticancer a activities. Methods : Three different types of water extracts of Curcuma longa L. were prepared as follows. The sarcoma cells (S180) were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and were seeded on 24-well cell culture cluster flat bottom with lid tissue culture treated non-pyrogenic polystyrene. The growth of sarcoma 180 was monitored for 1, 2 and 5 days. The sarcoma cells were pictured using inverted microscope and cell density was counted using hemocytometry. Results : After 5 days in the culture medium the results showed high growth of sarcoma 180 for control condition and the surface of CCP plates were fully covered with the cells. In case of medium in which the 10% of filtered water extract of Curcuma longa L. was added a very limited growth of sarcoma 180 was observed. The results were showed only small difference in cell density for two different concentrations of unfiltered water extracts of Curcuma longa L. whereasin case of filtered water extracts the control of sarcoma growth shows better result. Conclusion : The filtered water extracts showed the best result relatively to the unfiltered water extracts for two different concentrations. This indicates that the water extracts of Curcuma longa L. can have anticancer activities possibly without curcumin.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.188-191
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• 1999

We have investigated the fortifying effect of amino acids on the cell growth and productivity during the perfusion culture of hybridoma vR8 cells in serum-free media. Through the quantitative analysis of amino acids and metabolites in perfusion culture, we found that many amino acids(glutamine, histidine, arginine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophane) were heavily consumed at cell density of $1.06{\times}10^7$cells/mL. Due to amino acid depletion, cells died suddenly. So we supplemented the media with those amino acids by 30-170%. As a result, were could increase maximum cell density by 270%, average specific productivity by 175%, and average volumetric productivity by 560% in this fortified media, GC-HY-S2.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1367-1370
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• 2005

Microcellular foam processing of polymers requires a nucleated cell density greater than $10^9\;cells/cm^3$ so that the fully grown cells are smaller than 10 mm. A microcellular foam can be developed by first saturating a polymer sample with a volatile blowing agent, followed by rapidly decreasing its solubility in the polymer. In general, the cellular structure of crystalline polymer foams is difficult to control, compared to that of amorphous polymer foams. Since the gas does not dissolved in the crystallites, the polymer/gas solution formed during the microcellular processing is nonuniform. Moreover, the bubble nucleation is nonhomogeneous because of the heterogeneous nature of the crystalline polymer. In this paper, the effects of the crystallinity and morphology of crystalline polymers on the microcellular foam processing and on reflectivity of products are investigated. First, polymer specimens with various morphology and amount of solved blowing agent were prepared by varying the saturation pressure, saturation time and foaming condition. Then, cell morphologies according to several conditions were studied. The specimens with differing gas amount of solved and morphologies were foamed and their cellular structures were compared. The experimental results of reflectivity are compared to raw specimen and another specimen of different experimental conditions. After the experiments, recognize whether how reflectivity changes according to solved gas amount. And the effect of cell density and cell size on reflectivity is studied

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.563-573
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Simvastain, which is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast. Materials & Methods : Twenty-four cell culture plates containing essential medium were seeded with UMR-106 cell lines, at density of 5 x $10^4$ cells per plate. Each plates were incubated with 5% $CO^2$incubator $37^{\circ}C$. Starting from 2 days after incubation, cell culture medias were replaced with Osteogenesis induction media every 2 days, for 12 days. In some plates, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, $100\muM$ of Simvastatin were added with Osteogenesis induction media, and classified as "test group". Those not added with Simvastatin were classified as "control group". Results : 1. When Alrizarin Red staining was observed with naked eye, control group showed normal deep red color, but test group show rapid decrease of red color as Simvastatin concentration increased more than $0.1\muM$. 2, When observed with microscope, compared to control group, amount of osteo matrix stained with Alrizarin Red decreased rapidly in Simvastatin concentration more than $0.1\muM$. 3. In optical density analysis, regarding control group as a basis, mineral deposition decreased rapidly when Simvastatin concentration increased more than $0.1\muM$. 4. In flow cytometry analysis, survival rate of UMR-106 cell showed no changes in both control group and test group. Conclusion : From the above results, we were able to identify that Simvastatin inhibited osteogenesis without effecting survival or cell number of osteoblasts.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.4 no.1 s.6
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• pp.17-28
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• 1989

Having studied the production of monoclonal antibodies for developing a diagnosis medicine which shall be detected by a high-sensitivity test by using Rhodotorula rubra as a fungi-host which had been extracted through biochemical tests and follow-up examinations on Yeast-like fungi obtained from pulmonary tissues of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who had been in Kong ju National Tuberculosis Hospital from Jun. to Dec. in 1987, I. have gained such results as follows: 1. The fusion rate was influenced by feeder cell layers, cell density and time required to the cell fusion with cells in myelona subculture. 2. The fusion rate did not show any significant difference when the cell was applyed with two molecular weights, i.e., 1500 and 4000, of polyethylene glycol. 3. Fused cells after the addition of HAT selection media were bright and round, whereas unfused myelona cells and spleen cells were shrunk and granulated. 4. The cell fusion rate turned out to be about $57.2\%$(150 wells / 264 wells). 5. $10\%$(15 wells / 150 wells) of the positive reaction was detected in monoclonal antibody screening. 6. The titer which had reacted positively to Rhodotorula rubra fungal-host was 800 times in density after the gradual dilution of the produced monoclonal antibodies with Indirect ELISA method. 7. The Strongest specific reaction came out after the peroxidase labelled anti-human Immunogobulin had been applyed to Rhodotorula rubra for activating its nature after making drift with Carbonate-bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.6) and drying completely.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.94-103
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• 1996

To understand effect of inoculum size, cell density, sucrose concentration and concentrations of MS basal on suspension culture and protoplast isolation of wild viola(Viola patrinii DC.) callus from petiole segments this experiment was conducted. In the lot of 30 mesh inoculum size, two observations were; One was that a considerable increase in the fresh and dry weight of callus was determined. Another was that the callus mass was relatively compact compared with others. A recommendable cell density was 0.4g for 20ml culture medium and the higher sucrose concentration, the higher fresh and dry weight were obtained. The dilution of MS basal salt was differently affected on fresh and dry weight; the highest fresh weight was found in 1x MS salt, while the higest dry weight was in 1/3x dilution.The addition of casein hydrolysate(3g/L) was more effective to increase of both fresh and dry weight. THe contents of protein was great in the inoculum lots with larger inoculum sizeand higher concentration of MS basal salts contenting 3g/L of casein hydrolysate and higher sucrose compared with others. The greatest protoplasts were isolated from the lot of 10 mesh size treated with 1%pectinase SE-150 and 2% cellulase YC. In general, for optimal protoplast isolation the followingconditions were recommended; 1) Use of smaller cell size cultured for 2-5 weeks, and 2) more than 5 hours incubation using the combined mixture of the enzymes with proper concentrations.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.623-632
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of zoledronate(Zometa(R)), which is most common nitrogen containing bisphosphonate, on survival, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast. Material & Methods: Twenty four cell culture plates containing essential medium were seeded with UMR-106 cell lines, at density of 5 x $10^4 cells per plates. Each plates were incubated with 5% $CO^2 incubator at $37^{\circ}C$. Starting from 2 days after incubation, cell culture medias were replaced, and added with osteogenesis induction media and 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, $3\muM$ of zoledronate(Zometa(R)), every 2 days, for 12 days. Control group was plates not added with zoledronate($0\muM$), and experiment group were plates added with different concentration of zoledronates(0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, $3\muM$). Mature osteoblasts were identified with Alizarine Red staining, and protein samples were collected. Optical density was determined at wavelength of 405nm with ELISA reader. For viability analysis, cells were harvested and incubated with propidium iodide, and analysed with flow cytometry. Western blot technique was used to analyse Runx2 protein of osteoblast. Results : Secretion of bone matrix decreased as zoledronate concentration increased, and zoledronate did not effect survival rate of UMR-106 cells when measured with flow cytometer. Expression of Runx2 protein was inhibited as zoledronate concentration increased. Conclusion : From the results, we were able to identify that increase of zoledronate concentration inhibited differentiation of UMR-106 cell to osteoblast, without effecting quantity or survival rate.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.149-156
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• 2012

The Fabric Electrode was proposed for the effective production of the display based on electrowetting in this paper and designed the source driver of flexible display which could be driven by the electrowetting cell. The electrowetting cell matrix was implemented on the substrate(PET) by imprinting. The driver fabric, wetting electrode fabric and conductive fabric was placed horizontally and vertically in the groove between cell matrix and the electrowetting cell matrix can be driven by the cross-point as electric connection. The integration density of driver module is decreased because using the R/2R DAC module per channel in the conventional method. The proposed method could utilize the effective production process and reduce the production price of a display panel. The source driver which consume lower power and can increase the integration density because of reducing the number of driver device per channel was designed and evaluate the driver operation by the simulation using the VHDL programming in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.226-231
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• 2002

Power densities produced by the permeation of methanol through membranes were directly measured by inserting the membrane in front of anode in a membrane-electrode-assembly of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The power density was closely related to the loss of power in the DMFC and was strongly affected by temperature. As the cell temperature was increased, the power density resulting from methanol crossover was increased. The increase in methanol crossover had be attributed to diffusion caused or affected by temperature. Methanol crossover a major effect on the performance of a DMFC at a relatively low temperature with $26\%\;loss\;at\;30^{\circ}C$. In order to reduce methanol crossover, a conventional Nafion membrane was modified by the incorporation of Pt or Pd. The reduction in methanol crossover was investigated in these modified membranes by our cell performance measurement. Pt and Pd particles incorporated in the Nafion membranes block methanol pathway and prevent methanol transport through the membranes, which was proved by combining with liquid chromatography.