• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.106.2-106.2
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• 2011

다층 박막 구조로 이루어진 CdS/CdTe 태양전지의 경우, 각각의 박막이 다양한 제조 공정을 거치면서 물성특성의 변화를 겪게 된다. 각각의 박막이 고온의 열처리 공정과, $CdCl_2$ 용액 처리 및 후면 산화막 제거 공정 등을 거치게 되면서 겪게 되는 물성 변화 분석을 살펴보고자 한다. 각각의 박막 제조 방식은 일반적으로 사용되는 방식으로, CdS의 경우는 용액성장법(Chemical Bath Deposition, CBD), CdTe의 경우는 근접승화법(Closed Space Sublimaition, CSS)을 사용했으며, X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) 등을 이용하여 분석하였다. 각각의 셀 제조 공정을 거치면서 CdS, CdTe 박막들은 결정, 광 특성, 성분 변화를 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 1983

A pot experiment was conducted to clarify the Cd uptake and levels affecting yield loss according to the growth stages of rice plant. The cadmium was treated with several Cd compounds $Cd(NO_3)_2$, $CdCl_2$, $CdSO_4$, $CdCO_3$ and CdS at various concentrations of 0,5,10,25, and 50ppm in soils. The increasing rate of Cd compounds applied to soils increased the Cd content in plant as well as grains but the yield was decreased at high cadmium levels. Cd concentration in soil which could affect the yield decrease were 12.9ppm for $Cd(NO_3)_2$; 21.5ppm, $CdSO_4$; 25.8ppm, $CdCl_2$; 33.2ppm, $CdCO_3$; and 97.6ppm, CdS respectively. Cd concentration in soil reaching at 1ppm of Cd content in brown rice were 13.8ppm from $Cd(NO_3)_2$; 14.4ppm, $CdCl_2$; 16.9ppm, $CdSO_4$; and 19.2ppm, $CdCO_3$, respectively. Cd content in brown rice could be expected with the Cd content in plant at panicle formation stage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2000

The effects of acute of marine toxicants on early life of coastal olive flounder were investigated. An increasing order of acute toxicity on embryo- and larva-stages of Paralichtys olivaceus was CdCl2$\mu\textrm{g}$/L and 29 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively, and those values at larva-stage were estimated 3.5 ng/L, 16.0 nL/L, 10.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L and 15.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.119-125
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• 2000

To improve the photochemical energy conversion efficiency and the stability of CdS particulate film electrode which is used to produce hydrogen from the aqueous $H_2S$ solution photoelectrochemically, surface treatment of this film was carried out using $TiCl_4$ solution. CdS particles for preparation of the films were synthesized by precipitation reaction of $Cd({NO_3})_2{\cdot}9H_2O$ and $Na_2S{\cdot}4H_2O$. Then, the CdS sol was hydrothermally treated for 12hr in an autoclave with the variation of treatment temperature to control the crystalline phase of particles. CdS film electrode was thus prepared by annealing at $400^{\circ}C$ for 12hr of the wet-film cast at room temperature, and subsequently surface treated with $TiCl_4$ solution. The electrodes were characterized using XRD, SEM, and the photocurrent meter. The photocurrents of Cds film electrodes prepared with surface treatment were up to two times higher than the electrodes without surface treatment, indicating about $4.0mA/cm^2$. Hydrogen production rate in a continuous flow system using photoelectrochemical or photochemical cells prepared with surface treatment also increased in proportion to the increase of photocurrents.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2004

A cDNA clone (GenBank accession no. CF924621) homologous to aluminum induced protein gene was isolated and characterized from Codonopsis lanceolata (ClAIP). The ClAIP is 906 nucleotides long and has an open reading frame of 711 bp with a deduced amino acid sequence of 236 residues. The ClAIP shows high homology to A. marina (84%), G. hirsutum(83%), V. radiata (83%), A. thaliana (80%), B. nap us (78%) and T. aestivum (68%). The deduced amino acid sequence of ClAIP also has homology to the N-terminal end of plant Asn synthetase. This region does not contain the active sites of the enzyme and the significance of this conservation is currently not clear. To investigate the expression of ClAIP against several heavy metal stresses, we treated the sliced tap root of C. lanceolata with various heavy metals. The expression of ClAIP was increased by 25 uM $Al_2$(SO$_3$)$_4$ in proportion to incubation time and also increased by 50 uM CdCl$_2$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1418-1420
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• 1996

In this paper, structural properties of CdTe thin films and photovoltaic properties of thin film CdS/CdTe solar ceIl prepared by thermal vacuum evaporation were studied. Structural variation with $CdCl_2/heat$ treatment are assessed using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The crystal structure of CdTe films was zincblend type with preferential orientation of the (111) plane parallel to the substrate. The $CdCl_2$ treatment appears to increase the grain size of polycrystalline CdTe thin film. It was found that CdS/CdTe solar cell characteristics were improved by the heat treatment with $CdCl_2$. The conversion efficiency, however, decreased when heat treatment temperature was too high.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.229-245
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• 1996

1. CM-Sephadex C-50-120 column을 사용하여 HLF를 효과적으로 정제하였다. CM-Sepha-dex 50-120 column chromatography를 수행한 결과, HLF는 NaCl 350 mM-500 mM 사이에서 용출되었으며, 용출된 분획을 SDS-PAGE를 수행해서 단일 band를 확인하였다. Anti-HLF antibody를 이용한 Western blotting 결과 nitrocellulose paper 상에 단일 band 가 나타나므로 HLF 가 효과적으로 정제되었다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2. Con A, PWM, PWA LPS 등의 자극원으로 단핵구와 대식세포를 자극한 다음 BLF를처리한 배 양액을 IL-1 bioassy한 결과는 Con A 33%, PMA 33%, PWM 15%, LPS 35% 이고, HLF로 처리하여 IL-1 bioassay를 한 결과는 Con A 15%, PMA 22%, PWM 10%, LPS 5%로 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 3. K-562 세포를 이용한 colony forming assay에서 BLF가 10 g/ml일 때는 30%, 30 g/ml일 때는 35%, HLF는 10 g/ml일 때는 5%,30 g/ml일 때는 30%의 저해를 나타냈다. 4. Lactoferrin의 면역증강효과를 알아보기 위하여 hapten인 VCR-BSA를 투여 한 후, 생성되는 항체생성능력을 ELISA로 비교하였다. 그 결과 HLF 및 BLF 투여군에서 대조군에 비하여 adjuvant 효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 이때 macrophage 수는 대조군에 비하여 HLF와 BLF를 투여한 군이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때 LF는 macrophage를 활성화 시켜서 항체 생성 능력을 증가시키는 효과가 있음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. Balb/c mouse의 thymus로부터 분리한 CD4- CD8- 세포를 BLF로 처리하여 24 시간 배양한 후 CB4$^-$ CD8$^-$ 세포의 분화를 측정한 결과, CD4$^-$를 CD4$^+$ 로 분화하였다. 그리고 HLF로 처리하여 24 시간 배양 후 CD4$^-$ CD8$^-$ 세포의 분화를 측정한 결과, CD4$^-$ CD8$^-$를 CD4$^+$ CD8$^+$ 로 분화하였다. 6. Lactoferrin이 T cell의 IL-2 production에 미치는 영향은 PMA 처리군, PMA+OKT3처리군, LF 단독 처리군 보다 PMA+OKT3+LF를 처리한 군이 IL-2 생성에 영향을 미쳤다. 7. Lfcin B의 단일크론항체에 의해 인식되어지는 Lfcin B의 항원결정기는 ‘QWR’로 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2002

CdS and $TiO_2$ nanoparticles were made by the precipitation method and sol-gel method, respectively, and they were mixed mechanically and then treated with the hydrothermal processing. CdS-$TiO_2$ composite particulate films were thus prepared by casting CdS-$TiO_2$ mixed sol onto $SnO_2$ conducting glass and a subsequent heat-treatment at $400^{\circ}C$. Again, the physico-chemical and photoelectrochemical properties of these films were controlled by the surface treatment with $TiCl_4$ aqueous solution. The photocurrents and the hydrogen production rates measured under the present experimental conditions varied in the range of $3.5{\sim}4.5mA/cm^2$ and $0.3{\sim}1.8cc/cm^2$-hr, respectively, and showed the maximum values at the $CdS/[CdS+TiO_2]$ mole ratio of 0.2. Also, the surface treatment with $TiCl_4$ aqueous solution caused a considerable improvement in the photocatalytic activity, Probably as a result of close contacts between the primary particles by the etching effect of $TiCl_4$ It was found that the photoelectrochemical performance of these particulate films could be effectively enhanced by this approach.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.268-272
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• 2008

The effect of elicitor and precursor on salidroside production from Rhodiola sachalinensis A.Bor callus cultures was investigated. Callus cultures were treated with yeast extract, soft-ferrite ceramics powder, methyl jasmonate, ascorbic acid, jasmonic acid and $CuCl_2$/$CdCl_2$ as an elicitor. When callus cultures were treated with $0.2g/\ell$ of yeast extract, salidroside production from callus treated with yeast extract is 3.45 times higher than that of the controlled group. Among of them, callus cultures treated with yeast extract produced the highest salidroside. Callus cultures were treated with L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine as a precursor for 4 days. The result of salidroside content analysis showed that all feeding of precursors not affected salidroside production from callus cultures. In case of L-tyrosine fed into callus cultures, both callus growth and salidroside production decreased at all concentrations.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.558-566
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• 2014

Growth induced by cadmium (Cd) and ethylsalicylic acid (ESA) and the effect of ESA on rubisco/rubisco activase were studied in tobacco. The effect of denaturants on rubisco/rubisco activase was also investigated. In order to determine optimal concentration of ESA for growth of tobacco, tobacco was treated with $10^{-6}$-10 mM. It was found that its growth was the highest at $10^{-4}$ mM ESA. In the experiment using control, Cd treated group, ESA treated group, and Cd and ESA mixture group, ESA alone showed the highest growth and Cd showed the lowest growth. Cd treated group was the lowest in both rubisco/rubisco activase content and activity. ESA reduced the rubisco/rubisco activase content, but increased their activity. The activity of rubisco was inhibited by treating L-cysteine, urea, thiourea, ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol, and EDTA other than guanidine-HCl in control group. L-cysteine, urea, thiourea, and guanidine-HCl treatments showed no change, but ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol and EDTA increased rubisco activase activity. In conclusion, ESA inhibited the content of rubisco and promoted its activity, whereas promoted the content of rubisco activase and inhibited its activity. In addition, the content and activity of rubisco and rubisco activase inhibited by Cd were recovered by ESA. The activity of rubisco and rubisco activase by Cd and ESA was inhibited by the denaturant and the recovery of ESA inhibited by Cd was lost by the denaturant.