• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.377-380
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• 2010

The abducens nerve usually travels from the brainstem to the lateral rectus muscle as a single trunk. However, it has been reported that this nerve could split into branches occasionally. We attempted to show the aberrant course of abducens nerve in a specimen with unilateral duplicated abducens nerve and review relevant literatures. The micro-dissections were performed in a head specimen injected with colored latex under the microscope. The abducens nerve was duplicated unilaterally. This nerve emerged from the pontomedullary sulcus as a single trunk and splitted into two branches in the prepontine cistern. These two separate branches were piercing the cerebral dura of the petroclival region respectively. The slender lower branch passed between the petroclinoid and petrosphenoid ligaments and the thick lower one passed under the petrosphenoid ligament. These two branches united just lateral to the ascending segment of internal carotid artery in the cavernous sinus. The fact that there are several types of aberrant abducens nerve is helpful to perform numerous neurosurgical procedures in the petroclival region and cavernous sinus without inadvertent neurovascular injuries.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2005

Painful ophthalmoplegia due to idiopathic granulomatous inflammation of the cavernous sinus/superior orbital fissure has been termed Tolosa-Hunt syndrome(THS). The syndrome is characterized by pain behind, above or around the eye, involvement of the cranial nerves which pass through the cavernous sinus, spontaneous remissions and exacerbations, and a favourable response to steroid therapy. There was the 56 years old man who suffered from painful ophthalmoplegia and facial palsy. The oriental medical treatment without steroids and analgesics reduced the symptoms of the patient remarkably during 5 weeks. There is few report that treat THS with oriental medical method. If more clinical trials like this are proved to be effective, we can expect that oriental medical treatment will be a good method in THS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.598-602
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• 2022

Development of de novo dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) at a different site after resolution of an initial DAVF, is rare. Here we report two cases, which we encountered in our hospital. A 68-year-old woman presented with pulsatile tinnitus on the left side. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a left anterior condylar confluence (ACC) DVAF and she underwent transvenous embolization. Four years after this treatment, she presented with tinnitus on the left side, and cerebral angiography revealed a right DAVF around the sinus of the lesser sphenoid wing. Another 69-year-old woman presented with left-sided orbital bruits, chemosis, and conjunctival hyperemia. Cerebral angiography showed left cavernous sinus (CS) DAVF, for which she underwent transvenous embolization for CS DAVF. One year later, she developed a left ACC and transverse-sigmoid sinus (TSS) DAVF.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2023

We report a unique case of hemangioma of the nasal cavity in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. A 26-year-old female with VHL syndrome who had previously undergone surgery for pancreatic and adrenal mass presented with a 4-month history of left-sided nasal obstruction. The patient had an expansile mass lesion in the left nasal cavity and an imaging test demonstrated the mass in the left maxillary sinus extending to the nasal cavity. The tumor was removed with an endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach considering the possibility of not only a benign tumor such as hemangioma but also a malignant tumor of the maxillary sinus and histopathologic examination confirmed cavernous hemangioma. This case is the rarely reported manifestation of the paranasal sinus in VHL disease.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 1973

眼球의 紅彩, 毛樣體 및 脈絡膜은 相異한 機能을 하나 이의 發生, 構造,血管 및 神經系등의 共通點이 많으므로 炎症發生時 어느 한 部分에 局限되지 않으므로 選括하여 葡萄膜炎이라하며, 隣接器官의 炎症및 波及은 內因性感染 卽 肺炎 등 흔한 原因이며 口腔과는 葡萄官 및 Cavernous Sinus 등을 通한 Uveoparotid fever, Mikulicz's Disease 또는 Sjogrene Syndrome등과 깊은 關係가 있으며, 一般 및 特殊治療에도 大部分 完治되나 例外가 있는 바 저자는 六個月餘에 걸친 眼科的 治療의 結果 아무런 好展이 없는 葡萄膜炎 患者에 病巢感染說을 뒷받침하여 口腔內病巢를 完全除去한 結果 좋은 豫後를 觀察, 이에 報告하는 바이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.791-793
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• 2015

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.356-359
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• 2000

Superior orbital fissure syndrome is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ptosis of the eye, reflex dilation of the pupil, and anesthesia of the upper eyelid and forehead. This syndrome may be the result of craniofacial fractures as well as neoplasms of the retrobulbar space, hematomas in the orbital muscle cone and retrobulbar space, and hematoma and infection of the cavernous sinus. A case of superior orbital fissure syndrome is described.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.270-279
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• 2024

Prompt medical attention is crucial for congenital intracranial vascular malformations in children and newborns due to potential severe outcomes. Imaging is pivotal for accurate identification, given the diverse risks and treatment strategies. This article aims to enhance the identification and understanding of congenital intracranial vascular abnormalities including arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous fistula, cavernous malformation, capillary telangiectasia, developmental venous anomaly, and sinus pericranii in pediatric patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.347-351
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• 2007

The authors present a new technique for surgery of cholesterol granuloma [CG] at the petrous apex. An epidural middle fossa approach is used to expose and remove the cyst, with silicon tube drainage into the sphenoid sinus via the anterolateral cavernous sinus triangle between the first and second divisions of the trigeminal nerve. This novel method is less invasive skull base approach to the petrous apex and very effective for minimizing recurrence of CGs within the petrous apex.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 2007

Sphenoid sinus aspergillosis is notorious for its serious complications, such as permanent cranial nerve deficits and possible death. The most common associated symptoms are headache, followed by visual changes, and cranial nerve palsies. Because of an insidious onset, frequently resulting in missed and delayed diagnosis, sphenoid sinus aspergillosis is a potentially lethal medical condition. We report a case of visual loss secondary to isolated sphenoid sinus aspergillosis. A 69-year-old man presented to our hospital with the complaint of headache. The headache started one year previously and was described as severe dull pain localized bilaterally to the temporo-orbital region. The patient took daily NSAIDs for the pain. The neurological examination was normal. The MRI of the brain showed a left sphenoid sinusitis. A transnasal endoscopic superior meatal sphenoidotomy was performed. Aspergillosis was confirmed after a surgical biopsy was obtained. The patient was discharged from hospital without antifungal therapy. One month later, the patient complained of headache and loss of vision bilaterally. The orbital MRI showed a left cavernous sinus and bilateral optic nerve invasion. The loss of visions was permanent. In our case, the diagnosis was delayed; antifungal agents were not administered after surgery and the patient lost his vision as a result. Therefore, early diagnosis and proper treatment are important. Although the treatment of an invasive type of aspergillus has not been established, surgical removal of a nidus and aggressive antifungal therapy are recommended.