• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.426-431
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• 1996

It is well known that the understanding of the complex mechanism of magnetoplasma is closely related with understanding of the collective behavior of discharge plasma parameters such as the cathode-sheath potential, cathode-sheath thickness, electron temperature, electron density, and ambipolar diffusion. In this paper, some of the relationships between these plasma parameters and magnetic field is investigated experimentally with a Langmuir probe in the magnetoplasma generated by D.C diode system. It is found that when magnetic field is increased, cathode-sheath potential, cathode-sheath thickness, and ambipolar diffusion are decreased. In addition, peak ion density obtained as a parameter of ionic signal voltage by Faraday cup method is independent of magnetic field. (author). 9 refs., 11 figs.,1 tab.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.270-274
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• 1997

The numerical model that can describe the ignition of the pseudospark discharge using hybrid fluid-particle method has been developed. The evolution process of the discharge has been divided into four phases along the potential distribution. After the plasma enters in the hollow cathode, the confining effect which is one of hollow cathode properties occurs and the electron current on anode rises rapidly. As the plasma expands successively, the sheath contracts and as the electric field in the sheath increases, the field-enhanced thermionic emission(Schottky emission) occurs. From numerical results, the physical mechanism that causes the rapid current rise in the ignition of the pseudospark discharge could be identified.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.641-647
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• 2008

In this paper, we have studied the basic discharge characteristics of ac-type cylindrical microcavity structure. The structure has a two electrodes, which are positioned in the bottom of the cavity and in the side wall of the cylinder, respectively. The discharge showed asymmetric phenomena depending on the position of a cathode electrode. When the bottom electrode was a cathode, the discharge was stronger even though the area of the cathode was smaller than that of the anode. Simulation results revealed that the focused electric field toward the bottom electrode increased ion density in the space which in turn strengthened the cathode sheath and ionization process.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1804-1814
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• 2015

In order to explore the characteristics of electrons in DC negative corona discharge, an improved plasma chemical model is presented for the simulation of bar-plate DC corona discharge in dry air. The model is based on plasma hydrodynamics and chemical models in which 12 species are considered. In addition, the photoionization and secondary electron emission effect are also incorporated within the model as well. Based on this model, electron mean energy distribution (EMED), electron density distribution (EDD), generation and dissipation rates of electron at 6 typical time points during a pulse are discussed emphatically. The obtained results show that, the maximum of electron mean energy (EME) appears in field ionization layer which moves towards the anode as time progresses, and its value decreases gradually. Within a pulse process, the electron density (ED) in cathode sheath almost keeps 0, and the maximum of ED appears in the outer layer of the cathode sheath. Among all reactions, R1 and R2 are regarded as the main process of electron proliferation, and R₂₂ plays a dominant role in the dissipation process of electron. The obtained results will provide valuable insights to the physical mechanism of negative corona discharge in air.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.357-365
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• 2014

A non-invasive method for ion energy distribution measurement at a RF biased surface is proposed for monitoring the property of ion bombardments in capacitively coupled plasma sources. To obtain the ion energy distribution, the measured electrode voltage is analyzed based on the circuit model which is developed with the linearized sheath capacitance on the assumption that the RF driven sheath behaves like a simple diode for a bias power whose frequency is much lower than the ion plasma frequency. The method is verified by comparing the ion energy distribution function obtained from the proposed model with the experimental result taken from the ion energy analyzer in a dual cathode capacitively coupled plasma source driven by a 100 MHz source power and a 400 kHz bias power.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.94-101
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• 2008

A new convenient magnet array module is designed to investigate effects of magnetic field array on magnetron discharge characteristics. Magnetic field analysis showed good agreement of measured discharge region by a CCD device which has a high quantum efficiency over visible wavelength range. OES (optical emission spectroscopy) showed major emission peaks are from electronic transitions in 400 nm range and 800 nm range. Effects of driving voltage characteristics were analyzed in a point of electron drift trajectories and ionizing collision frequencies. Pulsed dc with a fast rising and falling time was analyzed to have potential to increase ionization collisions by putting a burst of hot electrons and to raise sheath potential. From measured voltage and current waveform, maximum of -1000 V peak was generated with $-400\;V_{rms}$ conditions. Possibility of a properly designed magnetron cathode was shown to be used as a melting device. Cu was successfully melted with power density of a several tens of $W/cm^2$.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.13-17
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• 2006

We investigated the effect of sustain electrode gap variation with high Xe content in an ac Plasma Display Panel through two-dimensional numerical simulation to understand the inherent high luminous efficiency mechanism. For the low Xe content, the optimal sustain electrode gap turned out to be about 200 ${\mu}m$, but with higher Xe content, the VUV generation efficiency increased as the electrode gap increases beyond 200 ${\mu}m$. We found that it is due to higher electron heating efficiency in the cathode sheath under the condition of long electrode gap and high Xe content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.108-108
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• 2016

마그네트론 스퍼터링은 박막의 증착에 널리 사용되는 기술로 음극의 설계가 핵심적이다. 영구 자석과 전자석을 겸용하는 경우도 있고 고주파 코일을 추가하여 2차 플라즈마 발생을 유도하여 공정의 유연성을 한층 높인 방법도 오랫동안 사용되어 왔다. 전자의 자기장 하에서의 운동은 Lorentz force를 적분하여 예측할 수 있으며 가장 중요한 전자 - 중성간의 충돌 과정인 탄성 충돌, 여기 충돌, 이온화 충돌을 고려하면 보다 실질적인 마그네트론 플라즈마의 거동을 이해하고 그 결과를 기반으로 자석 배치를 설계할 수 있다. PIC (particle-in-cell) code를 이용하면 플라즈마 내의 전자기장 효과를 상세히 검증해볼 수 있지만 계산 시간의 부담 때문에 고성능 병렬 컴퓨터를 사용하여야 한다. 그 이유는 하전입자(전자, 이온)의 공간적인 분포에 변화가 발생하면 전위가 영향을 받고 전자의 가속이 발생하는 쉬스(sheath)의 두께가 따라서 변화하기 때문이다. 여기서 계산 시간의 단축을 위한 가정, 즉, 쉬스의 두께가 일정하다는 사실을 적용하면 계산시간을 획기적으로 단축 시킬 수 있으며 병렬 계산의 효율성도 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 원리에 입각한 코드를 개발하고 평판 디스플레이용 사각형 음극에 대해서 적용했던 경험을 바탕으로 원형의 스캔형 마그네트론 음극 구조의 이해와 설계에 적용하고자 코드를 개발하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.29-39
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• 1999

Both conventional and PI3 implanters require dense sources for high productivity rate, and small sheath expansion in PI3 besides. The problem of the creation of large volume uniform plasma in PI3 facilities replaces that of beam forming in accelerators. Some aspects of ion extraction in both cases and Langmuir probe plasma diagnostics with be discussed. Plasma parameters of large volume multicusp dc hot cathode and inductively coupled RF plasma sources obtained with Langmuir probe and ion mass analyzer with be presented. Design features and performances of high current Freeman and ECR ion sources will be described.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.972-974
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• 2005

The present work deals with the theoretical study of the effects of copper vapours resulting from the erosion of the electrodes on the properties of a SF6 arc in a Laval nozzle. Computations have been done for a DC arc of 1000A with upstream gas pressure of 3.75MPa. The arc plasma is assumed to be in local thermodynamic equilibrium(LTE). The sheath and non-equilibrium region around the electrodes are not considered in this model. However, its effects on the energy flux into the electrodes are estimated from some experimental and theoretical data. The turbulence effects are calculated using the Prandtl mixing length model. A conservation equation for the copper vapour concentration is solved together with the governing equations for mass, momentum and energy of the gas mixture. Comparisons were made between the results with and without electrodes erosion. It has been found that the presence of copper vapours cools down the arc temperature due to the combined effects of increased radiation and increased electrical conductivity. The copper vapour distribution is very sensitive to the turbulent parameter. The erosion of upstream electrode(cathode) has larger effects on the arc compared to the downstream electrode(anode) as the copper vapour eroded from the anode cannot diffuse against the high-speed axial flow.