• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.872-880
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• 2007

For effective management of sediment-related diffuse pollution, it is of utmost importance to estimate spatial variation of sediment transport processes within a catchment. A mathematical model can play a critical role in estimating sediment transport processes at the catchment scale provided that the model structure is appropriate for representing major sediment transport processes of the catchment of interest. This paper introduces a distributed catchment model River Basin Water Quality Simulator (RBWQS) and presents some results of its application to a small rural catchment in Korea. The model has been calibrated and validated for a wet period using hourly hydrographs and sediment concentrations observed at the catchment outlet. Based on the model simulation results, the spatial variation of sediment transport processes across the catchment and the effects of paddy fields and small reservoirs on hydrology and sediment transport have been analyzed at the catchment scale.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2007년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.253-257
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• 2007

Channel-aquifer interaction is one of the key hydrological processes that determine water flows in the stream/river channel. Field measurements of channel-aquifer interaction, however, is very difficult and costly, particularly when one intends to understand its variations across a catchment for a long period. Hydrological simulations using a catchment model are a relatively easier and cheaper alternative provided the model structure is appropriate for describing channel-aquifer interaction. In this study, a catchment model called CAMEL (Chemicals from Agricultural Management and Erosion Losses) is used for estimating channel-aquifer interaction over time and space. CAMEL is a distributed catchment model to simulate transformation and transport processes of sediment and pollutants as well as water flows at the catchment scale. In the model, a catchment is represented using a network of square columns each of which is comprised of various storages of water. CAMEL explicitly simulates both surface and subsurface processes including channel-aquifer interaction. This paper presents an application study results of CAMEL for the Tarland Burn Catchment, a small (catchment area $52\;km^2$) rural catchment in Scotland, UK, demonstrating some of the channel-aquifer interaction dynamics across the catchment during a 2-year period.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

It is usual to determine silver-town location by people's experienced knowledge or intuition considering many different type of thematic variables simultaneously. This paper is primarily intended to locate sunny silver-town according to catchment-wide solar radiation as single key variable. GIS based solar simulation realistically identified catchment-wide solar radiation in the study area using large scale spatial precision. More than 90% over the worst catchment were identified shadow surfaces while the optimal catchment was heavily covered by sunny radiation surfaces. It is confirmed that standard GIS technology can offers the viable method of measuring and comparing the catchment-wide solar radiation. Guidelines for a replicable methodology are presented to provide a strong theoretical basis for the standardization of factors involved in locating the sunny silver-town; delineation of catchment boundary, solar simulation, catchment-wide comparison etc. They could be used as an evidence to determine sunny catchment in comparison with other catchment, based solar simulation. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to confirm the potential of introducing the new concept of "catchment specific solar radiation" to support more scientific and objective decision-making in the process of locating silver town.

• 한국농림기상학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농림기상학회 2014년도 추계 학술발표논문집
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• pp.74-85
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• 2014

This study is a part of "Early Warning Service for Weather Risk Management in Climate-smart Agriculture", describes the delivery techniques from 840 catchment scale weather warning information using 150 counties unit special weather report(alarm, warning) released from KMA(Korea Meteorological Administration) and chronic weather warning information based on daily weather data from 76 synoptic stations. Catchment weather hazard warning service express a sequential risk index map generated by countries report occurs and report grade(alarm, warning) convert to catchment scale using zonal summarizing method. Additional services were chronic weather warning service at crop growth and accumulated more than 4 weeks, based on an unsuitable weather conditions, representing a relative risk compared to its catchment climatological normal conditions (normal distribution ) in addition to special weather report. Service provided by a real-time catchment scale map overlaid with VWORLD open platform operated by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Also provide a foundation for weather risk information to inform individual farmers to farm located within the catchment zone warning occur.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.153-160
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• 1993

산지유역에서 토사공급과 이동에 관한 문제는 동적지형학뿐만 아니 수문학적 순환의 입장에서 매우 중요하다. 토사유출 자연의 개변정도등 지형학적 요인에 크게 지배된다. 본 연구에서는 강우시 자연의 개변정도가 서로 다른 유역에서 유출되는 부류토량을 비교하여 부류토사 유출과정과 메타니즘을 알아 보았다. 강우강도가 유사한 30mm의 비가 내렸을때 채석장이 분포하고 있는 인공개변유역의 부유토사농도는 최고 27,000mg/l인 반면, 백연유역의 부유토사농도는 270mg/l에 불과해 100배 정도의 농도차이가 나타났다. 또 인공개역중에서도 인공개변도에 따라 최대부유토사양도 6,400mg/l에서 27,000mg/l까지 다양하게 관측되었다. 일반적으로 부유토사 공급원은 자연유역의 경우 하상, 하안, 그리고 하도주변하도입이며, 인공개변유역은 사면등의 하도외 지역이다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2003

A catchment modelling system is the summation of the numerous hydrologic, hydraulic and other process models necessary to simulate the response of a catchment to a storm event. Differences between the recorded catchment response and that predicted by a catchment modelling system can arise from structural errors within the catchment modelling system, evaluation errors in the control parameters, or measurement errors in the recorded data being used to assess the reliability of the evaluation of the control parameters. Presented herein is an investigation of the potential measurement errors within the recorded information, which was considered to occur from instrument error in the ultra sonic flow monitor. This investigation was undertaken using three available rating curves at the Musgrave Avenue Stormwater System in Centennial Park, Sydney, developed by Abustan (1997), Water Board (1994), and using Manning's equation.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1443-1453
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• 1968

The reservoir is one of the important partsof facilities for development of irrigation water in Korea. Accordingly, construction of the reservoir will be stressed in the field of future development of agricultural water resources. In the meantime, storage capacity is actually is limited to some extent with various conditions. Acreage of benefited area shall be determined according to such conditions as catchment area, precipitation and unit water requirment within benefited area. According to results of the past construction of the reservoir, the ratio of catchment area to benefited area would be 4:1 to 2.5:1 or catchment area is approximately 2.5 times larger and over than benefited area. In order words, it is the ordinary practice in the construction of reservoir that benefited area should be less than 1/2.5 times as large as catchment area. Moreover, limitation of catchment area would prevent largely the vast drought-stricken area from being benefited by irrigation facilites. This has been, in fact, caused by the fact that a good deal of water stored in the reservoir overflows wastefully through spillway of the reservoir at th time of flood season, and that only very little of the overflowed water is available for irrigation. However, if the more wasted water is stored during the flood season, the larger area of farmland can irrigated. That is, catchment area can reduced to less than 2.5 times as large as benefited area. On the other hand, it is afraid that such reduction should bring about the increase of unit storage capacity. And storage capacity being maximized, costs for construction of the reservoir will be raised too highly, thus making the economics feasibility unfavorable. The purpose of this study is to decide the ratio of catchment area to benefited area toward the minimum level as possible in consideration of the hydrological and economic aspects. Kopung Project which is located in Sosan-kun, Chungnam Province is taken as an example for the review and analysis in this study, and as an example for crop, rice is taken. After consideration of this project, we can find out that annual average inflow is 726mm and annual average water requirements is 811mm. And the ratio of catchment area to benefited area is 1.2:1. This means that catchment area can be reduced even to 1.2 times as large as benefited area. In conclusion, this study reveals that the construction of reservoir is feasible in view of economic and technical points provided that catchment area is more than 1.5 times as large as benefited area.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 집수평면의 신장도와 밀집도 그리고 등가타원에 대한 개념을 이론적인 고려와 함께 실제 유역에 적용하여 보았다. GIS를 기반으로 산정된 대상유역들에 대한 집수평면과 등가타원을 상류로부터 하류방향으로 진행하면서 변화 양상을 관찰해 본 결과 현재 논의되고 있는 Hack의 법칙에 대한 두 가설이 무작위적으로 상호작용을 할 경우 나타날 수 있는 유역 형상들에 대한 모집단처럼 보여졌다. 또한 집수평면의 최대 및 최소관성적률의 비 $R_i$가 유로연장과 집수평면에 대한 등적원(等積圓)의 직경 사이의 비 E보다 유역형상의 신장도를 보다 민감하게 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 집수평면에 대한 밀집도는 정의별로 상이한 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 형상의 정량화가 갖는 난점에 기인하는 것으로 2개 이상의 밀집도들에 대한 복합적 고려를 통한 평가나 프랙탈 이론의 적용 등이 앞으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.1321-1325
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• 2004

The continuous monitoring of the runoff in the small-scaled urban watershed and easily accessible experiment catchment is necessary to investigate the overall status of the development in the urban catchment and the varying aspects of the discharge characteristics due to the urbanization. However, the research on the management and the characteristics of the small-scaled model basin for discharge tests has not been actively performed up to now. This study selects the Dong-Eui university basin, which locates at Gaya-dong in Busan, as the experiment catchment to monitor the discharge rate in the urban watershed. EMS(DEMS, DATA-PCS EMS, mini rain gage & AWS(AWS-DEU, DATA-PCS AWS) monitoring system installed for the collection of hydrological data such as the rainfall and the waterlevel. This experiment catchment is the typical urban catchment and is under development, and it is possible to analyze the varying aspects of the discharge rate during and after the development.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2015

The grid-based water balance of watershed scale was assessed in the mountainous area of Pyosun catchment in Jeju Island after analyzing precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff from January 2008 to December 2013. The existing results of direct runoff, evapotranspirtion, and groundwater recharge comparing to precipitation were presented 22.0%, 25.6%, and 52.4%, respectively, in Pyosun catchment. However, this study indicated each component shows 14.5%, 24.2%, and 61.0%, respectively, in the mountainous area of Pyosun catchment. Therefore, groundwater recharge rate in the mountainous area appears higher than 10% comparing to the overall catchment. It would be analyzed that the amount of direct runoff is relatively small. Moreover, this difference could be generated because of the spatial discontinuities in the process of estimating the total amount of precipitation in the mountainous area. Therefore, the grid-based spatial analysis to maximize the spatial continuity would be useful for providing a more reasonable result when the total amount of water resources are evaluated in mountainous areas in the future.