• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.167-178
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• 1995

It has been believed that the increased release of free oxygen radicals and their tissue damaging potency might be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase can protect the tissue damage from the free oxygen radicals($O_2^-,H_2O_2$, and $OH^-$). In order to investigate the SOD- and catalase - activity in the blood plasma and red blood cells(RBCs) of the patients with perodontitis, 19 male periodontitis patients($25{\sim}35$ years old) who had good general health, more than 10 teeth with severely inflamed gingiva, attachment loss more than 6mm and bone loss were selected as periodontitis group, and 13 male volunteers($22{\sim}29$ years old) with good general and periodontal health were selected as normal group. After blood plasma and RBC were separated from peripheral blood of 2ml collected from antecubital vein of each subject, SOD- activity in blood plasma and RBCs was measured by the same method that Paoletti et al. did, and catalase - activity in RBC was measured by the same method that Beers et al, did. The difference of SOD- and catalase - activity between the normal and the periodontitis groups was statistically analyzed by Student t-test with SPSS/PC program.The results were as follows : 1. SOD activity in blood plasma was significantly lower in the periodontitis group($1.986{\pm}0.893$) than in the normal group($3.324{\pm}1.044$)(p<0.05). 2. There was no statistical significance in the difference of SOD- activity in RBCs between the periodontitis group($7.753{\pm}3.206$) and the normal group($8.116{\pm}1.192$)(p$242.8{\pm}45.6$) than in the normal group($280.2{\pm}32.6$)(p

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.180-186
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• 1984

For the study of glucose oxidase(GOD) and catalase(CAT) coimmobilization system, the enzymes were obtained from Penicillium spp., PS-8, and the strain itself was used as an immobilizing matrix. To separate glucose oxidase and catalase after the ammonium sulfate fractionation of the culture broth, DEAF-cellulose column was used and its activity yield was 54 and 34%, respectively. Both enzymes were immobilized on the cell matrix, followed crosslinking with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 12hr. In the determination of efficiencies of GOD and CAT of dual, mixed and soluble enzyme systems, the dual immobilized one w-as superior to those of the soluble or mixed ones. In the comparison of pH profiles, the dual and mixed types showed broader maximum pH ranges than the soluble type. Varying CAT/GOD ratio of the dual system, the higher the ratio showed the broader activity profile. In the comparison of apparent $K_m$ of GOD only and CAT/GOD=10, they were $7.1{\times}10^{-2}$ and $5.1{\times}10^{-2}M$. Their activation energies showed 3.98kcal/mole/deg for GOD only and 2.98kcal/mole/deg for CAT/GOD=10.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.577-583
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• 2006

The effect of the extract of Ulmus davidiana root on the activity of enzymes related to the removal of reactive oxygen species was investigated in the B6C3F1 mouse kidney. B6C3F1 mice were divided into five groups and fed for 20 weeks. Reduced xanthine of oxidase activity was observed in groups 4 (group fed with U. davidiana extract after N,N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment and 5 (group fed with U. davidiana extract from the beginning of DEN treatment) compared to group 2 (group treated with DEN). The level of Mn-superoxidase dismutase tended to increase in the groups after DEN treatment. In group 5, the catalase activity increased and the other groups exhibited an unchanged or slightly decreased level of enzyme. Similar effects were found far glutathione peroxidase. A lower degree of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) formation was estimated in groups 4 and 5, compared to that in DEN treated group 2.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.166-178
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• 1991

This present study was designed to evaluate whether supplementaion of dietary coenzyme $Q_{10}$ protects the lipid peroxidation damage in adriamycin (ADR)-treated rats. Two experiments were conducted in this study. Experiment I was undertaken under the condition of simultaneous administration of ADR and coenzyme $Q_{10}$ for 4 weeks. Experiment 2 was undertaken under the same condition as experiment I after feeding the experimetal diets alone without administration of ADR for 4 weeks. Results obtained from the present study were as follows. Lipid peroxide value of plasma and heart mitochondria was elevated by ADR treatment. but decreased according to dietary coenzyme $Q_{10}$ supplementation. Pretreatment with dietary coenzyme $Q_{10}$ was more efficient in reducing ADR-induced lipid peroxide value. The simultaneous use of ADR and coenzyme $Q_{10}$ enhanced the heart glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. particularly at higher level of coenzyme $Q_{10.}$ The change of superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity was similar to that of GSH-Px activity. In case of pretreatment with coenzyme $Q_{10, }$ these enzyme activities were more enhanced by dietary coenzyme $Q_{10.}$ However, there was little difference in catalase activity.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.538-543
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• 1994

Effect of partial oxygen pressure on the cell growth and the activities of oxidative defense enzymes were measured in the continuous culture of Streptomyces coelicolor. Both the wild type and the mutant strain resistant to hydrogen peroxide were cultured and the dry cell weight of the two cultures were measured at different oxygen tensions. Growth of the wild type was inhibited by oxygen at above 0.5 vvm. Growth of the hydrogen peroxide resistant mutant was stimulated by pure oxygen at 0.5 vvm but was inhibited by oxygen at 1.0 vvm. Therefore, growth of the hydrogen peroxide resistant mutant was less affected by the deleterious oxidative stress of oxygen. Activities of the several defense enzymes were also measured at different oxygen tensions. Activities of catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increased significantly as oxygen pressure increased in the wild type culture. In the mutant, however, increase in those enzyme activities was not obvious whereas the uninduced levels of the above enzymes were higher than those of wild type. As judged by Western blotting, the amount of the major catalase increased as the oxygen pressure increased. This indicates that the induction of the catalase activity by oxygen pressure is mostly due to the increase in the expression level for the major catalase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.1753-1760
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• 2010

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Sasa borealis leaves on high glucose-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Freeze-dried Sasa borealis leaves were extracted with 70% methanol and followed by a sequential fractionation with dicholoromethan, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The ethyl acetate fraction from Sasa borealis leaves extract (ESLE) was used in this study because it possessed the strongest antioxidant activity among the various solvent fractions. Exposure of HUVECs to 30 mM high glucose for 48 hr resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in cell viability, glutathion (GSH) concentration, activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dimutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-px) and catalase, and a significant (p<0.05) increase in intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation formation in comparison to the cells treated with 5.5 mM glucose. ESLE treatment decreased intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation formation and increased cell viability, GSH concentration and expressions of SOD and catalase in HUVECs. These results suggest that ESLE may be able to protect HUVECs from high glucose-induced oxidative stress, partially through the antioxidative defense systems.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.423-429
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• 2017

Hair color is determined by kind and amount of melanin. Melanocyte mainly synthesizes melanin from L-tyrosine by stimulation of ultra violet. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in greying hair. Polygonum multiflorum radix has been reported to inhibit the aging process that black color of hair is turned into grey color. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Polygoni multiflorium radix ethanol extract (PMEE) on melanin synthesis related to black hair growth. In anti-oxidant experiment, PMEE decreased DPPH radical and increased reducing power, indicating that PMEE could eliminate ROS involved in greying hair. PMEE decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effect of PMEE on the production of melanin was determined by DOPA assay and tyrosinase activity. PMEE increased tyrosinase activity and promoted melanin synthesis. In addition, the expression levels of tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), as well as anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD-3) and catalase were examined using western blot analysis. The expression levels of SOD-3 and catalase were decreased due to the enhanced antioxidant activity of PMEE. In particular, PMEE increased the expression levels of tyrosinase and TRP-2. These results suggest that PMEE could promote melanin synthesis that involved in tuning gray hair into black hair.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 1998

Disbudded epicotyl cuttings from light-grown 6-day-old seedings of Vigna angularis Owhi et Ohashi were preincubated in $2\;\times\;10^{-4}M$ IAA solution for 48 hr to promote adventitious root formation in upright or inverted direction and then incubated in upright direction for 96 hr. Adventitious root formation occurred only at the morphological base of the cuttings which were preincubated in upright direction, while at the both ends in inverted direction. IAA treatment enhanced the adventitious root formation in all cuttings regardless of their orientation during preincubation. To elucidate localized root development, the activity of enzymes involved in root initiation and development was measured 24 hr, 48 hr, and 148 hr after epicotyl incubation. IAA oxidase, peroxidase and catalase were assayed in the apical, middle and basal segment of the epicotyls, and their fresh weight and length were measured. Elongation occurred the most in the upper segment of the epicotyl while fresh weight gain was the most in the basal segment. At root initiation phase, 24 hr after incubation IAA peroxidase and catalase activities appeared high at rooting zone while IAA oxidase activity was low at both ends, IAA oxidase and peroxidase activities declined at the rooting zone during the adventitious root formation at 48 ht. Inversion of cuttings during preincubation caused a chrange of enzyme activities along their epicotyl cuttings. Only peroxidase activity showed a high correlation with root initiation. Therefore, the biochemical change is highly correlated with change in IAA level in the rooting zone of the epicotyl, resulting in root formation in unusual rooting zone of epicotyl.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.113-117
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• 2000

To analyze the correlation between the rusty root and the antiokidative activity in ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer) roots, the levels of antioxidative activity in various tissues of healthy and rusty roots. The superoxide dismutase activity in rusty roots (126.9 units/mg protein) was approximately 3.5 times higher than that in healthy roots. The catalase activity in rusty roots was approximately 1.6 times higher than that in healthy roots, whereas the peroxidase activity showed a slight low level in msty roots. The 1.1 diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity in rusty roots was approximately 2.0 times higher than that in healthy roots. The total ascorbate content in healthy roots was 166~240 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g fr. wt. depending on the tissues. Interestingly, the oxidized dehydroascorbate (DHA) content occupied more than 80% in total ascorbate content. The total ascorbate content in rusty roots was a similar level with healthy roots, but the reduced ascorbate content was 3.5~7.5 times higher than that of the healthy roots. The total glutathione content of the epidermis, cortex and stele tissues in 겨sty roots was 7.3, 4.8, 1.2 times higher than the healthy tissues, respectively. The ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) showed a similar fluctuation of total glutathione content in 겨sty roots. These results indicate that the high antioxidative activity in rusty roots may involve in overcoming the oxidative stress derived from environmental stresses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.743-749
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• 1994

This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary ${\beta}-carotene$ level on the lipid metabolism and lipid peroxide metabolizing enzyme activities in rats. Male Sprague -Dawley rats were fed on diets containing five levels of ${\beta}-carotene$ (0, 10, 120, 1200, 12000mg/kg diet ; BC 0, BC 1, BC 2, BC 3, BC 4 group). The rats were sacrificed after 7 weeks of the feeding periods. Lipid peroxide value of mitochondrial fraction of rat liver was elevated in ${\beta}-carotene$ restriction group when compared to $\beta$ -carotene groups. Superxide dismutase activity increased significantly by ${\beta}-carotene$ supplementation. Both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were reduced with increasing ${\beta}-carotene$ supplementation, except only ${\beta}-carotene$ restriction group. In liver, the contents of total lipid and cholestero decreased by ${\beta}-carotene$ supplementation but triglyceride content was not different among treatment groups. HDL-and total cholesterol ratio in plasma of 12, 000 ${\beta}-carotene$ group decreased, and was similar to that of ${\beta}-carotene$ restriction group.