• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.15-30
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of makeup, clothing tone and clothing style on wearer's with same color coordination of lipstick and clothing. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales (7-point scale semantic). The stimuli were 64 color pictures were manipulated by computer simulation. This experiment design was $2{\times}2{\times}4{\times}4$ factorial design. The stimuli were a set of eyeshadow color(brown), clothing style (formal style of Jacket / skirt and casual style of cardigan / pants), lipstick and clothing color (red and orange), lipstick tone(vivid, light, dull and dark), clothing tone(vivid, light, dull and dark). The subjects of this research were 384 female undergraduates living in Gyeongsangnam-do. The investigation was carried out at a lecture hall at the time between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. in May 2006. The data were analyzed using SPSS program. Factor analysis, 4-way ANOVA, t-test, and Duncan test were used as analysis methods. Image factors according to variation of clothing style, clothing color, and makeup color are composed of 4 different dimensions (visibility, attractiveness, tenderness, and stability). In dimension of the visibility, the image was perceived to be glowing and luxurious regardless of lipstick tone and lipstick color in the case of the vivid tone clothing. According to the variation of clothing style, clothing color and tone, makeup color composed of eyeshadow color, lipstick color and tone, it was investigated that the images for a clothing wearer were expressed diversely, were shown differently in image dimensions, and could be produced to different images. The analysis data for images according to the combination of makeup and clothing color, tone, and style thus provide basic material for image consulting or color coordination.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.88-99
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• 2012

Recently the hair style of Michelle Obama, the world's most recognized First Lady of the United States has been loved by the public with her optimistic confidence and as a fashion leader. For Michelle Obama's hair styles by length, a medium-short cut style was expressed in various ways to show her strong will by exposing the forehead, an elegant image by asymmetry hair, or a progressive image by a short volume hair cut. A medium cut style expressed an elegant and intelligent image in shoulder-length and a trendy image using a side parting. A updo hair style produced young, womanly, and casual images using twisting, binding, typing up, and rolling technique according to situations. For hair styles associated with her roles, when participating as a diplomatic delegate, she expressed the President's helpful partner by a soft and womanly image using bobbed hair and half updo technique. For the participation in state occasions, her hair styles were examined in three situations. First of all, she mainly had a neat style, exposing her forehead in official schedules as a political partner to create an intelligent and high-class image. Second, she expressed a strong will with a medium-short style during an election campaign. Finally, she showed an elegant and refined hair style in consideration of T.P.O. during social activity. Michelle Obama overcame her hair's handicap, grasped her images associated with hair length, and expressed hair strategically according to her roles as the first African-American First Lady of the United States.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

Focusing on the cases applied to korean brand-name apartments In 1960s, economical growth and introduction of western-type cultures led to a boom of apartment construction. After internationalization'in 1980s through Olympic games in 1988, korean culture has attracted attention and individual life quality has been improved. Since 1990s, changes in personal life style has affected the housing culture and the construction companies started moving from quantitative supply to developing their own differential characteristics. Differentiation scheme triggered by construction companies since mid-1990s mainly focused on various ideas for space deployment. Space plans include such things as a private ground, a kitchen in the south, etc. while interior plans include to provide selection of the korean traditional style, natural or casual one. 'korean traditional style' apartment is one of such theme of the brand-named apartment. Interests on 'Tradition' can be broken down into a social trend and media trend. Firstly, the former includes the designation of Bukchon as a reserving area, one of the governmental 'Hanok Survival Program', and traditional building promotion scheme on the basis of construction policy plans. Secondly, the latter covers the interests which attract through the media showing oriental cosmetics, korean culture export via Hallyu, popularity of korean dramas, etc. Thus, it seems worth studying on the apartments with traditional factors. And also, this study aims to setup the concept and trends of korean traditional style apartments through the interior expression on the korean-factor space developed by brand-name apartments so that it could correct such false knowledge out of misunderstood concept of traditional space which results from simple decoration or structure type not accompanying Korean emotion or spirit rendered by some misleading media.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.154-168
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• 2009

This study aims on providing a design technique that expresses aesthetical elements by arranging the analysis of sensual beauty into detailed elements of design from music video outfits by genre of pop music, by observing music videos of female vocalists chosen from each genre of pop music focusing on their fashion. The results of this study are the following. 1. In the genre rock, the sensual beauty of female were expressed with a boyish and neutral style using texture such as leather or denim, and such style had the effect of emphasizing their feminine side even more. 2. In the genre dance music, exposure is extensive compared to other genre using sexy or lingerie look, and I found an ambivalent style of feminism with clothes in the form of drapery using textures such as chiffon and silk, and femme fatale style with textures adhering to the body such as leggings, leotard, and bodysuit. 3. In the genre of rap and hip-hop, clothes from casual and costume-play style were found using training jersey, t-shirt, and denim pants, and emphasized the sensual beauty of women by showing a silhouette with short length and fitting style using shiny textures. 4. In the genre of R&B, there were diverse outfits that suits the characteristics of characters appearing in the stories, or the situation of the story since there are many dramatic representation in the form of story Especially in case of female characters, the feminine side was emphasized staging a feminine style by wearing dresses with the texture of chiffon and silk. Exposure was restrained compared to other genre.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.3 s.43
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• pp.233-242
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• 1992

This study primarily concentrates on the Fashion Style of the New Generation which has come into being in 1980 with reference to the contents of the newspaper and magazine in 1950's. . The New Generation has undergone the social and cultural change under the effect of mass communication, mass consumption brought by the economic development, sports boom promoted during the period of Asian Games and Seoul Olympic Games and the adoption of the policy for the autonomous school uniform. In the process of the social and cultural change, they have the common peculiarity such as sensitivity, anthoritarianism and polarity and they have taken an important part in the development of the 'Young Fashion' The characteristics of their fashion styles are divided into three periods as follows; 1. The rising period (1980-1982): The most important pecuriality of the first step can be sum up to the following point. The free fashion style replaced the formal one such as T-shirt or casual wear comes into as a everyday dress. Moreover, many people become interested in the New Fashion which is gradually diversified and high-qualified. As a natural consequence, the lively interest of the people has brought into the appearance and competition of the New Brand in fashion industry 2. The growing period (1983-1986): Mannish Look, so-called 'New Fashion' gained the summit of the fashion and change over conservatively. However, 'Mannish Look' have great effect on the Fashion Style until now on. Specially in Korea, 'Punk Style'and 'Androgynous Look' can be an example among many. 3. The diversifying period (1987-1989): The Fashion Style has developed variously even though the Reactionism takes the lead as the main current of the Korean Fashion. Moreover, it is noticeable that man comes into the stage as a new fashion group and the fashion market begins to dear in various lines of goods with moderate and low prices. These various aspects can be regarded as diversification in the Fashion Style as the needs in the times and society.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.626-639
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• 2010

The club culture is not something unified. Rather, it is a group of subcultures which share intertwined areas. And it keeps its own dress code, dance style, music genre along with series of authoritarian and unlawful rituals. For young adults, a club is a new cultural space to enjoy in reasonable price and they can express themselves without thinking much about others. A club creates its unique mass culture by producing continuously changing and experimental fashion styles. As the club culture’s influence becomes powerful, the club market was established and experimental fashion styles are wide spread among general public, young adults who try to express their unique characters and even fashion-leading industry. The study results are as follows. First, dance club and its derivative, rave is symbolic axles and the center of social activity. They are also defined as culture which is related to specific space that continues to present and change sound and style. Second, the definition of clubber in a dictionary is club member or a person who is united with others. Third, based upon clubbers' fashion styles in Hongdae and Kang-nam areas, there are 5 different images including sexy casual, lingerie, dynamic, chic style and feminine style. Fourth, based upon case study above, to take unique life style of fashionista that leads fashion with trendy fashion style into account, we suggested five designs which are unique, sensitive and trendy. Fifth, through analyzing clubber generation and design factors of clubbers' fashion style combined with various trend, unique brand was developed to meet the demands of clubbers who want differentiated images and leading styles.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.188-202
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyze how future images are embodied in contemporary fashion design. To find out future images expressed in contemporary fashion design, this paper characterized the future society as information society, network society, pluralistic society, and global village. Cyber design and techno-style expressed through metal or lustrous material which is influenced by information symbolize future image. Also, minimalism which is characterized as simplicity and purity affects the contemporary fashion design. The network society which affets t the horizontal and functional social system diminishes the meaning of socio-economic status. Therefore, street fashion has diffused to high fashion, and the formal wear has tendency to be changed into casual wear. In addition, the meaning of status symbol in contemporary fashion design become decreased. The pluralistic society affects to search for one's own personality and identity. Also, contemporary fashion design is influenced by post-modernism and deconstructionism. In order words, genderless, ageles, seasonless, and infra fashion appeared. The global village emphasizes extension of universality in life style and search for world quality. so, ethnic fashions appear frequently in contemporary fashion design. Also, the effects of Korean traditional costume to contemporary fashion design has increased.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.79-90
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to offer basic data for the study of men's suit by investigating the preference of design and form for men's suits. For data collection, a questionnaire was composed stymie of suits, form of lapel and vent of suits etc‥‥ The subjects of this research were male aged 20-59 and resided in Seoul and the capital region. The results of the research are summarized as the following: 1. Most men tend to prefer a set of suits rather than combination and formal style rather than casual or character style. And most of men like a little enough fittiness of suits. 2. Most men tend to prefer single-breasted jacket rather than double-breasted one. they also tend to prefer notched lapel and no vent jacket, especially men who work in sale, office and an independent enterprise. 3. Men who aged 20-40 tend to prefer classical pants, and one who aged 50 like wide pants. They also tend to prefer pants with pleats rather than one with darts. 4. Most men tend to prefer plain cloth rather than check, stripe pattem, and they tend to select blue and black color as their suits.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.67-74
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• 2000

The clothing behavior of male homosexuals were examined. Especially their clothing preference, clothing purchase behavior and clothing symbols as a group took were analysed. The subject was 49 male-homosexuals and the survey was done at the tray bars in Yi-Tae-Won in Seoul. The questionnaire and interview method were broth used to collect the data. The findings from the study were as follows : 1. The casual style was mostly preferred and lightly-fitted style was more preferred than loose style. Both straight type blue jeans and tight-fit style were widely worn by the subject. 2 Among design, price, color, fashion trend and sewing quality. design was the most important factor In clothing purchase. Besides design, color and fashion trend were counted more seriously than price or sowing quality. Blue and black were preferred as clothing colors. 3. Department stores were the most popular shopping place. and then traditional markets and shops near Universities were also preferred. Over 60% of the subjects answered that the decision of clothing purchase was made by himself and 20% of the subject used friend as personal information sources. The score stimuli was the most frequently used information for apparel shopping, and fashion magazines were also used as an important information source. 4. The clothing related symbols used to represent group look were lightly-fitted style. right ear-piercing, tight-fit plaid pants, leather look, rainbow flag, bandannas, reversed triangle. etc. And the subjects thought the symbols were not meaningful as group look because they were already adopted by the non-homosexual people. And they thought that their style of fashion has influenced on that of mass.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.15-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine modern people's lifestyle and identify their needs by analyzing clothing behavior through city nomads' attitudes in dairy life, tastes, and methods to pursue in their life. This study tries to understand substitute values as ethical life emerging recently, free life style of mental emotion, clothing behaviors, and fashion style represented by the results. Upon observing city nomads' fashion trend, tunics symbolizing flexibility and comfort and simultaneously reflect colors in a monk style or from basic items that have been used. City nomads' fashion trend also reveals androgynous freeness-and-easiness. City nomads reflect a folksy inspiration, and different cultural perspectives appear in a mixed fashion. Multi-purpose gypsy/boho style is ideal for traveling and occupying smaller spaces in line with the nomadic lifestyle reflectings an American casual image partially by way of gypsy or bohemian nuances. Motorcycle jeans symbolizing functionality for traveling are becoming a part of everyday life. The fashions discussed are categorized as urban, tourer, sports and road. Everyday sportswear - athleisure - is attracting attention enabling a healthy and sound lifestyle. Athleisure is fashion wear harmonizing workplace with leisure, and everyday life and social gatherings. Athleisure represents a significant collapse of the boundary of high fashion and street fashion. Urban- tech wear is light and enables modern people to perform garment and gear functions simultaneously, making storage useful using various technical devices by elevating activity and functionality. Urban outdoor fashion holding functionality and adding modern fashion in appearance has appeared.