• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.547-552
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• 1999

Antidiarrheal, anticostive and antimutagenic effects of Bifidobacterium breve K-110, K-111 and B. infantis K-525 isolated from Korean were investigated in experimental animals. These Bifidobacteria were not significantly affected on the transport of barium sulfate in the small intestine. However, these Bifidobacteria significantly stimulated the transport of barium sulfate in the large intestine. Particularly, when Bifidobacterium breve K-110 (500 mg/kg) was orally administered, the transport of barium sulfate in the large intestine was increased 45%, compared to the control group. On the castor oil-induced diarrheal mice, Bifidobacterium breve K-111 had the antidiarrheal activity but the other Bifidobacteria did not had it. When the antimutagenicity of these Bifidobacteria and their peptidoglycans were examined using Salmonella typhimurium TA98/TA100 in an in vitro assay system, these Bifidobacteria and peptidoglycans showed inhibitory effect of $20{\sim}80%$. These results indicate that Bifidobacterium spp. had antidiarrheal, anticostive and antimutagenic activities as well as the inhibitory activity of harmful enzymes of intestinal bacteria in the intestine.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 1980

Detoxified and deallergenized castor bean protein isolate was prepared from defatted castor bean pomace for use in animal feedstuffs and human foods. Succinylation and acetylation of the ${\varepsilon}-amino$ groups of the protein improved markedly the water solubility of the protein at $pH\;7{\sim}8$. The results of the amino acid analysis of the protein isolate revealed that the sulfur-containing amino acids and L-lysine were limiting amino acids and that succinylation and acetylation caused some little loss of the amino acid content. The L-methionine enriched plastein was synthesized from the protein isolate or the acylated protein isolates and DL-methionine ethyl ester by one step process with papain. By this method the extent of incorporation of L-methionine was about 50%. Pepsin hydrolyzed both unmodified and modified protein isolates at the same rate (about 92%). Tryptic hydrolysis, however, was less for the succinylated protein isolates (about 42%) and less for the acetylated protein isolates (about 26%). The protein efficiency ratio of L-methionine enriched protein isolate (about 2.5 weight %) was 90% that of reference casein. The protein efficiency ratio values of succinylated (88%) and acetylated (84%) protein isolate were 55 and 69% of reference casein, respectively.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.145-158
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• 1999

Objective : To observe Sagunjatanghapchangchuljiyutang in rectifying the digestive dysfunctional spleen deficiency syndrome caused by chronic diarrhea. Methods : Sagunjatanghapchangchuljiyutang was chosen to treat the digestive dysfunctional spleen deficiency syndrome caused by chronic diarrhea. The model was induced by Rhei Radix and castor oil. The effects on the gastric secretion ability(gastrin, secretin, volume of gastric juice, free acidity, total acidity, pepsin activity) and nutritional condition(protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, BUN, creatinine, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit) were observed in vivo. Results : The group induced chronic diarrhea by Rhei Radix and castor oil had lower gastric secretion ability and nutritional condition was lower than that of the normal group. The figures for group given Sagunjatanghapchangchuljiyutang showed improvement, especially gastrin, total lipid and hematocrit. Conclusion : Sagunjatanghapchangchuljiyutang have an effect on the digestive dysfunctional spleen deficiency syndrome caused by chronic diarrhea. And experimental study syndrome could be proceed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2016

The quantitative analytical method for the bioactive substance, 3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone (ricinine) and an index compound, ricinoleic acid in castor plant (Ricinus communis) extract or oil was developed. For the determination of a pyridone alkaloid compound, ricinine, successive cartridge cleanup method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography was set up with $ENVI-Carb^{TM}$ (0.5 g) and $C_{18}$ SPE cartridges. Accuracy and precision were evaluated through fortification studies of one biopesticide (PE) at 10 and $100mg\;kg^{-1}$. Mean recoveries of ricinine were 98.7 and 96.0 % associated with less than 10 % RSD, respectively. For the determination of ricinoleic acid in castor extract and oil, saponification and methylation were optimized using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. Recovery was more than 84.8 % associated with 6.2 % RSD after derivatization procedure. Both methodologies developed were applied to analyze real samples including three castor oil products and six commercially available biopesticides containing R. communis, collected at Korean market. The contents of ricinine and ricinoleic acid in most commercial biopesticides were less than the oil or extract contents indicated by label.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.201-204
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• 2001

Acyl-CoA binding proteins (ACBP) are small highly-conserved cytosolic proteins that bind long-chain acyl-CoAs. A cDNA encoding ACBP was identified from cDNA library constructed from hairy root poly $A^{＋}$ RNA in expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis. The cDNA clone was 453 bp long and carried an open reading frame of 264 bp (10 kDa). The ginseng ACBP amino acid sequence was compared with other reported plant ACBPs using the CLUSTALW. Ginseng ACBP is 89%, 81%, 80%, and 73% identical with ACBP from castor bean, lilly, Digitalis and Arabidopsis, respectively. However, ginseng ACBP is 5 amino acids smaller than Arabidopsis and rape seed ACBPs. Also there is no any known signal peptide sequence in ginseng ACBP.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 2016

A low cost environmentally benign surface coating binder is highly desirable in the field of material science. In this report, castor oil based hyperbranched polyester/bitumen modified fly ash nanocomposites were fabricated to achieve the desired performance. The hyperbranched polyester resin was synthesized by a three-step one pot condensation reaction using monoglyceride of castor oil based carboxyl terminated pre-polymer and 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid. Also, the bulk fly ash of paper industry waste was converted to hydrophilic nano fly ash by ultrasonication followed by transforming it to an organonano fly ash by the modification with bitumen. The synthesized polyester resin and its nanocomposites were characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic tools. The nanocomposite obtained in presence of 20 wt% styrene (with respect to polyester) was found to be more homogeneous and stable compared to nanocomposite without styrene. The performance in terms of tensile strength, impact resistance, scratch hardness, chemical resistance and thermal stability was found to be improved significantly after formation of nanocomposite compared to the pristine system after curing with bisphenol-A based epoxy and poly(amido amine). The overall results of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis and performance showed good exfoliation of the nano fly ash in the polyester matrix. Thus the studied nanocomposites would open up a new avenue on development of low cost high performing surface coating materials.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for fabricating pitch pine (PCP) and Mongolian oak (MOK) pellets using chestnut-shell tea waste (CSW) and castor oil (CSO) as additives. For pellets fabricated using a pilot-scale flat-die pellet mill, all moisture content (MC) was in line with A1 wood pellet standards for residential and small-scale commercial uses designated by the National Institute of Forest Science at the Republic of Korea (NIFOS), regardless of fabricating conditions; the durability of PCP pellets prepared using PCP particles with 10% MC, and CSW addition also satisfied these criteria. The moisture tolerance of PCP pellets improved with combination of 2 wt% CSW and 2-6 wt% CSO. Overall, use of 20 mesh CSW as an additive, PCP with 10% MC, and MOK with 12% MC was found to be optimal. Moreover, using CSO as an additive, high-quality PCP and MOK pellets can be fabricated by adjusting the particles to 12% MC. However, the durability of PCP and MOK pellets prepared using these conditions did not meet the wood pellet standards for residential and small-scale commercial use. Therefore, further research is needed to improve the durability of these pellets.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.322-327
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• 2008

In this study, a multi-layered pellet was composed of a seed layer including a water-swellable agent and a drug layer containing doxazosin as a model drug, a porous membrane and a castor oil layer to control drug release. The pellet is prepared by a fluidized bed coating method. To confirm drug release from polymer blending in multi-layered pellet system, it is prepared by containing different ratio such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) : ethyl cellulose (EC) in drug layer and cellulose acetate(CA) : Eudragit RS in membrane. Also, to confirm the effect of oil in drug release, castor oil is coated. As a result, we observed regularly spherical pellet with diameter of $1500{\mu}m$. Release pattern of drug is confirmed by dissolution tester in aqueous media. The more the ratio of EC in drug layer, CA in membrane, and castor oil layer in pellet, the less the drug release is observed. Formation and the amount of pores in membrane is observed by SEM.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 1995

A field experiment was canied out to determine the effects of harvest time (grazing, soiling and hay stage) on the grass growth, dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value, and weed development in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) pasture. The cultivars of reed canarygrass used in this study were Palaton, Venture, Castor, and Frontier (control). The grass was harvested 3 times at hay stage, 4 times at soiling stage, and 6 times at grazing stage in 1992. The average plant height was 31-41cm at grazing, 47-59cm at soiling, and 76-86cm at hay stage. Similar DM yield was observed in Palaton(12,567 kglha), Venture(l2,435kg), and Frontier(12,762kg), and the yields of 3 cultivars were significantly higher than that of Castor(ll,025kg) (P<0.05). Total yields affected by harvest time were lO,O6 1, 1 1,832, and 14,699 kg/ha at grazing, soiling, and hay stage, respectively(P<0.05). The content of crude protein (CP) was not significantly different among cultivars. CP contents by harvest time were 21.6% at grazing, 19.3% at soiling, and 18.8% at hay stage, regardless of cultivm(P<0.05). The contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were similar among cultivars and harvest time. However, slightly higher NDF and ADF contents were found in Frontier. The contents of Ca, P, K, and Mg were not affected by cultivars and harvest time. The appearance of weeds was high in Castor, and low in Frontier. The weeds at grazing stage(33.3-60.0%) were remarkably higher than those at soiling and hay astage (ca 10%). In conclusion, it is suggested that 3-4 times (soiling and hay stage) of harvest was recommended for grass production, nutritive value, and weed control in reed canarygrass pasture, regradless of cultivars of Palation, Venture and Frontier, except Castor.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.440-444
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• 2023

In August 2021, water-soaking symptoms of bacterial spot disease were observed on castor bean in a field in Gangseo District, Busan. Bacteria isolated from the lesion when cultured on tryptic soy agar appeared to be nonmucoid and pale green. To confirm whether the isolates were the causative agent of the spot disease, they were inoculated onto healthy castor bean plants. The same symptoms were observed on the inoculated tissue, and the bacteria were reisolated from the lesion. Furthermore, the isolates were consistent with the biochemical and physiological features of Pseudomonas capsici. Sequencing analysis using 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD) showed that the isolates shared a high sequence similarity with P. capsici. These results confirmed that the strains belonged to P. capsici. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bacterial spot disease caused by P. capsici on castor bean in Korea.