• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.365-365
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.654-661
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• 2017

Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization karyotype analysis was created using repetitive sequences including two types of rDNA repeats (45S and 5S rDNAs) and Arabidopsis-type telomere sequence repeats. The somatic metaphase cells of Carthamus tinctorius were observed as diploids (2n=2x=24). A symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical karyotype with seven pairs of metacentric and five pairs of submetacentric chromosomes was observed. The lengths of the somatic metaphase chromosomes ranged from 4.18 to $6.53{\mu}m$, with a total length of $60.71{\mu}m$. One locus of 45S rDNA was located on the pericentromeric regions of three pairs of chromosomes and the other pair was situated on the terminal regions of the short arms of a single pair of chromosomes. One locus of 5S rDNA was detected on the interstitial regions of the short arms of two pairs of chromosomes. Arabidopsis-type telomeric repeats were detected on the terminal regions of all pairs of chromosomes. Co-localization of loci between telomeric repeats and 45S rDNA was observed in a single pair of chromosomes. The results provide additional information for the existing physical mapping project of C. tinctorius and will also serve as a benchmark to a more intricate cytogenetic investigation of C. tinctorius and its related species.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.651-653
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• 1998

A destructive anthracnose of safflower has severely occurred at Kyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services in 1998. Incidence of the disease surveyed at 12 fields in Chinju, Sanchong and Hamyang was ranged fro 55.7 to 85.4%. Small irregular yellowish to brown spots appeared on all parts of the plant at initial infection stage and the spots enlarged or united into larger irregular to cylindrical black lesions with hollows. Above portions of infected stems were often blighted and pink colored conidial masses were colonized on the lesions. The causal fungus consistently isolated from the infected tissues were identified as Colletotrichum acutatum by following characteristics. The fungus grew well on PDA at 15~3$0^{\circ}C$ developing apricot to salmon color. Conidia were single-celled, colorless, fusiform and bisectioned and measured as 8~18$\times$3~5 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Brownish appressoria were cylindrical or ovate and sized as 5~10$\times$4~8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Optimum temperature for growth and germination of conidia was recorded at $25^{\circ}C$ and at least 6 hours were required for infection to the host plants. Over 90% conidia were germinated and all plants were infected by artificial inoculation by 24 hours at $25^{\circ}C$. This is the first report of safflower anthracnose caused by C. acutatum in Korea.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.689-693
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• 2009

Germination is well-known to enhance the digestibility, functionality, and palatability of plant seeds. To examine the functionality of germinated-safflower seed (GSS), proliferative and differentiative effects of GSS extract on the mouse calvarial bone cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolinbromide (MTT) assay and alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively. Water extract of GSS increased dose-dependently proliferative and differentiative effects on calvarial bone cell, and its effects were stronger than those of ungerminated-safflower seeds (UGSS) extract. One major component was isolated from GSS extract by a series of purification procedure of solvent fractionation, Diaion HP-20, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Its chemical structure was identified as trachelogenin (TC) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) spectral analysis. Trachelogenin showed significant proliferative (125.7%) and differentiative (132.1%) effects on calvarial bone cells at $10^{-8}M$, and its effects were significantly higher than those of $17{\beta}-estradiol\;(E_2)$. TC was found to be a major active compound responsible for high proliferative and differentative effects of the water extract of GSS. Therefore, these results suggest that TC in GSS may be useful as potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of bone loss.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.414-419
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• 2010

Hyphenated-HPLC techniques combine the separation power of HPLC with the structural and bioactivity information provided by NMR, ESI/MS, and an on-line antioxidant screening system. The major advantages over the traditional off-line techniques are rapidity and efficiency. In this study, we used hyphenated HPLC techniques including online HPLC-ABTS, LC-NMR, and LC-MS todirectly identify the major antioxidants of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds. The results demonstrated that the major antioxidant compounds from on-line HPLC-ABTS analysis were identified as 8'-hydroxyarcgenin-4'-O-$\beta$-D-glucoside, N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin, and N-feruloylserotonin. Among them, N-feruloylserotonin accounted for almost 50% of the ABTS radical scavenging activity of the total extract. The results demonstrate that HPLC hyphenated techniques can be used to rapidly screen and structurally identify antioxidants from crude plant extracts.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.378-385
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the sulfur effects on the yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and the chemical properties of soil after sulfur treatment. Sulfur application was conducted with two chemical forms of sulfur powder and potassium sulfate. Sulfur powder was applied to the soil with levels of 0, 10, 20, 40 kg/10a and potassium sulfate was applied to the soil with levels of 10, 20 kg/10a as sulfur content. After sulfur application in soils, pH and available $P_2O_5$ content of soils tend to decrease after experiment, whereas the contents of $SO_4^{2-}$ and active Fe increased in soils. By the application of sulfur, the yields of safflower seed were increased by about $6{\sim}17$ percent compared to the control. It is apparent that seed yield and plant growth of safflower were increased by the sulfur application.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.556-562
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• 1992

Sevral flavonoids were isolated from the ethanol extract of Carthami flos which has been used in treatment of uterin congestion and also as analgesic and antiinflammatory. They were elucidated as kaempferol, quercetin, 6-hydroxy kaempferol, kaempferol 3-glucoside (Astragalin), quercetin 3-glucoside (isoquercitrin), quercetin 7-glucoside (quercimeritrin), kaempferol 3-rutinoside and quercetin 3-rutinoside (rutin). The structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.48-48
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• 2002

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.537-538
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.162.2-163
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• 2000