• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2012

Purpose: Drying characteristics of the sliced carrot and green pumpkin were investigated by using the waste heat dryer. Methods: The effects of drying temperature ($T$) and slice thickness affecting drying time were analyzed. Mathematical models for the drying curves were determined with statistical analysis of drying data. Effective diffusivity was determined for the slices of carrot and green pumpkin under various drying conditions. Results: Drying time was reduced at the drying conditions of thinner slice and higher drying temperature. Moisture ratio ($MR$) according to drying time ($t$) was well presented as an exponential function at all of drying conditions for the slices of carrot and green pumpkin with the determination coefficient ($r^2$) of >0.99. The values of effective diffusivity ($D_{ff}$) of the slices for carrot and green pumpkin were increased with increasing the drying temperature. The relationship between Ln($D_{ff}$) and $1/T$ was linear with the determination coefficient ($r^2$) of >0.97. Conclusions: Drying model was well established as an exponential function at all of drying conditions for drying samples.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2006

Five seed samples of carrot were tested to detect Alternaria spp. by blotter method. A. alternata and A. radicina were detected from all the seed samples as high as $25.8-70.5\%$ and $37.5-63.5\%$, respectively. A. dauci was detected from four seed samples as low as $0.5-7.5\%$. The three Alternaria spp. were detected from the pericarp and the seed coat and endosperm of the carrot seeds but not from the embryo by component plating test. A. alternata and A. radicina were much more detected from the pericarp than the seed coat and endosperm. A. dauci was detected from the pericarp and the seed coat and endosperm at similar rate. The seed sample which was most severely infected with A. radicina showed the lowest rate of germination in the test on top of paper (TP). In the TP test, differences in total infection rate of A. radicina and A. dauci of the seed samples were very closely correlated with those in incidence of seedling rot on the seed samples. However, there was no correlation between infection rate of A. alternata and rate of germination or seedling rot of the seed samples. Soil test for seedling growth revealed that there was no correlation between differences in total infection rate of A. radicina and A. dauci and those in rate of normal seedlings of the seed samples.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.149-168
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• 2016

Even though Korean consumers have shown the strong preference for environment-friendly agricultural products, the real market of environment-friendly agricultural products may reach a plateau. In order to overcome this problem, researchers should find the more specific consumers' needs, including taste, flavor, shape, and others. and offer some implications to farmers and marketers. The object of this paper is to analyze the determinant factors of Korean consumers about environment-friendly carrot and oriental melon, through survey and fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approach. The results of analyses present that Korean consumers have the unique determinant factors about environment-friendly carrot and oriental melon, which are different from conventional carrot and oriental melon. Korean consumers' experience of the buying of environment-friendly vegetable is also influential in the determinant factors. Findings and implications from this research may be useful to Korean producers and other researchers.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1971

When germination beds of carrot seeds were treated with either 0.01M or 0.05M concentrations of Ca(NO3)2, CaSO4, MgSO4, K2SO4 and KH2PO4, an acceleration in the germination rate was observed in the groups treated with 0.01M KH2PO4 and 0.05M MgSO4 and 0.05M Ca(NO2)3. In earlier work by the author with acetone a similar result was observed and reported. The pH range in these experiments was maintained between 5.0 and 6.0. It was found that the groups treated with 0.05M K2SO4, 0.05M Ca(NO3)2, 0.05M Ca(NO3)2, 0.05M MgSO4, 0.01M KH2PO4, 0.01M Ca(NO3)2 germinated earlier than the control group. The acceleration of the germintion rate varied with the inorganic compounds used in the following descending order; 0.01M KH2PO4, 0.05M Ca(NO3)2, 0.05M K2SO4, 0.05M CaSO4 and 0.05M KH2PO4. As a result of these expriments, it occurs to the author that in the germination of carrot seeds some inorganic compounds appear to activate the osmotic function of carrot seeds causing acceleration in the germination rate.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2016

본 연구는 안토시아닌을 함유하는 자색당근, 블랙커런트, 아사이베리, 복분자, 블루베리의 생리활성 물질 및 항산화능을 측정하였고, 자색당근 농축액의 첨가량을 달리한 푸딩을 제조하여 7일간 푸딩의 품질을 측정하고 그 변화를 관찰하였다. 생리활성 물질인 phenol, carotenoid, flavonoid, anthocyanin 함량을 측정한 결과, 자색당근과 복분자는 폴리페놀을 다른 과일에 비해 높은 값을 나타내었는데, 안토시아닌함량은 블루베리, 카로티노이드 함량은 블랙커런트가 나머지 안토시아닌이 풍부한 과일과 채소에 비해 높았다. 그러나 DPPH와 ABTS로 측정한 항산화능은 복분자와 블랙커랜트가 다른 과일과 채소에 비해 높았고 자색당근과 블루베리가 중간 정도의 항산화능을 나타내었다. 그러므로 우리나라에서 재배가 용이하고 시장성이 좋은 자색당근 추출액을 첨가한 안토시아닌이 풍부한 푸딩을 제조하여 관능검사를 실행하고, 7일 동안 저장할 때의 물리적 특성을 조사하였다. 자색당근을 첨가량을 달리하여 푸딩을 제조하였을 때, pH는 자색당근 농축액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였고, 당도는 시간이 지나도 $24^{\circ}Bx$로 일정한 값을 나타내었다. 색도는 자색당근을 첨가량이 증가할수록 적색도가 증가하고 갈색도는 감소하였고 물성 검사에서는 경도가 낮고 탄성이 높았던 7.5 % 자색당근 추출액 첨가 푸딩이 가장 좋은 값을 나타내었다. 완성된 푸딩을 7일간 냉장 보관하여 품질 특성의 변화를 확인한 결과, 시간이 지남에 따라 적색도가 감소하였고 갈색도는 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였는데, 이는 시간이 흐름에 따라 자색당근이 산화되는 것과 관련이 있는 것으로 사료된다. 물성은 시간이 지남에 따라 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 7.5 %의 자색당근 추출액을 첨가한 푸딩이 관능적이나 물리적 특성이 적절하였다. 그러나 자색당근추출액에 함유된 안토시아닌의 산화 방지를 위해 pH와 온도를 낮게 유지하면서 푸딩을 제조하는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.215-226
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• 1989

The effects of Ca2+ on polyamines on callose contents of carrot suspension cultured cells were studied. The regeneration process of the cell wall of carrot protoplast observed through the electron microscope. Treatment of the carrot suspension cultured cells with Ca2+ and polyamines resulted in considerable increase on callose contents at 0.1 mM of Ca2+ and polyamines, particulary spermidine. Poly-L-lysine and poly-L-ornithine increased about 30% and 100% of callose contents than that of the control respectively, whereas verapamil and flunarizine markedly decreased the callose contents. These effects of Ca2+ of free ion rather than as Ca2+-calmodulin complex. During the cultivation of the protoplast, the regeneration of the cell wall was somewhat observed on the 4th day, however, it was inhibited by verapamil. These results suggested that the promotive action of Ca2+ and polyamines were manifested in the callose contents and the regeneraton of the cell wall.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate enzymatic maceration of radish, cabbage, soybean sprout and carrot with cell separating enzymes in order to obtain individual cells. We studied the macerating properties of Macerozyme R-200, Macerozyme R-10 and Sumyzyme MC on vegetables. Degree of enzymatic maceration was decreasing order of radish, carrot, cabbage and soybean sprout. The degree of enzymatic maceration among macerating enzymes was decreasing order of Macerozyme R-200, Macerozyme R-10 and Sumyzyme MC. The degrees of enzymatic maceration of radish, carrot, soybean sprout and cabbage treated with Macerozyme R-200 for 2hr were 91.0, 80.6, 62.5 and 35.1%, respectively. Total pectin, color and viscosity of carrot macerates increased as the maceration rate increased.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.129-131
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• 2014

In February 2014, gray mold rotting symptoms were observed in carrots in cold storage at Gangneung, Gangwon province, Korea. The typical symptom of gray mold rot showed abundant blackish gray mycelia and conidia was observed on the infected root. The pathogen was isolated from infected root and cultured on PDA for further fungal morphological observation and confirming its pathogenicity according to Koch's postulates. Results of morphological data, pathogenicity test and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS 1 and 4) sequence showed that the postharvest gray mold rot of carrot was caused by Botyrtis cinerea. This is the first report of postharvest gray mold rot on carrot in Korea.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.181-193
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• 1987

Author examined the chewing patterns between the 16 normal subjects and the 10 complete denture wearers with LED mandibular tracking device, and analized the chewing envelope and opening, closing velocity during chewing various test foods-standardized carrot, ham and almond. The results were as follows; 1. The chewing envelope of carrot chewing was greater than that of ham chewing in both groups. 2. The average opening velocity was faster than the average closing velocity in both groups. 3. During chewing carrot or almond, the chewing envelope of dentate stoup was greater than that of denture group, but during chewing ham, there was no statistical difference. 4. During chewing carrot or almond the average opening and closing velocity in dentate group were faster than those of denture group.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.430-435
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• 1997

Protopectinases are heterologous group of enzymes that degrades insoluble protopectin which consists of middle lamella between cells of plant tissues. Tissues of potato and carrot could be separated to single cells by addition of protopectinase isolated from Rhizopus sp. Color changes ofthe suspensions treated with protopectinase and mechanically macerated after 2 weeks at 4$^{\circ}C$, were investigated. Color change of the latter was very serious, however, that of the former was insignificant. Furthermore, after heat treatment at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 5min, the constituents of mechanically macerted carrot suspension were separated into two layers, but those of single celled carrot were not. Yields of carrot juices extracted from single celled suspensions and mechanical maceration were 93.6% and 56.0%, respectively. These results support that treatment of protopectinase can increase yield of juices extracted from plant, and manufacture high value-added products in food processing.