• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

This paper has investigated the unreasonable pricing system for container cargo with special reference to inland transport since it is determined by administrative boundary without considering travelling distance. This research is primarily intended to improve the current pricing system by introducing a pricing support system about the container cargo in the country which applies GIS service area analysis to transportation data. Price simulation maps were generated to find out reasonable pricing strategy. Pricing alternative integrating travelling distance into administrative zoning brings about more desirable results than individual driving cost alone. The research can contribute to more reasonable pricing for the fuel consumption expense and serve as useful instruments for planning pricing system for container cargo. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to increase the scientific and objective pricing for container cargo by overcoming serious constraints suffered from the past non-GIS-based approach.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.114-129
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• 2010

Busan port's main function is handling container cargo compared to world major ports and the percentage of handling general cargo such as dirty bulk cargo is very low. In other words, although total cargo weight of Busan port that recorded the handling result of 13.29million TEU in 2008 reached 113.05million ton, total cargo weight of general cargo was 15.31million ton, so container cargo accounted for 88.1% of whole cargo weight. However, it is the time to create high added value by the increase of handling and marketing dirty bulk cargo. Originally, the dirty bulk cargo was not the avoided object from the first. Somehow, it is a very high added value cargo, and is surely essential strategic material to basic industries of nation. However, it becomes dirty bulk cargo as the companies are reluctant to handle it because of environmental problem, distinct characteristic in handling, uncertain break even point due to imbalance between supply and demand compared to container cargo. However, items that are classified as dirty bulk cargo now are certainly necessary strategic materials to national basic industries or national life. Besides it seems to be a high added value cargo here and now. Therefore, it is time that increasing of handling dirty bulk cargo by marketing it and the system for efficient handling such as constructing the exclusive use wharf in Busan port, modernizing of facilities and equipments, stable secure of place for holding and handling through development of distribution complex by item, efficient data processing and closer cooperation by setting up a SCM of related authorities are needful.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2006

The efficiency and effectiveness of freight transportation within and across Northeast Asia playa key role to achieve competitive advantages against other competing hubs in this area. However, the majority of local freight has been carried by ground transportation and the share of costal shipping has been decreasing for its transportational complexity and poor cargo works. In this paper, we discuss the prerequisites of efficient cargo linkage system from the perspectives of road, rail, ocean, and the service providers. Specifically, we identify that the balanced capacity of road/rail transportation system with costal freight system is a crucial component for facilitating coastal shipping. Other requirements such as the efficient on-dock container yard (ODCY), dedicated ports and ships, and the service provider of door-to-door transportation for short sea shipping are highlighted in order to secure the serviceability and availability of streamlined costal shipping. Further, we elaborate these requirements to facilitate costal cargo shipping in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.381-390
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• 1999

In this study, a pseudo ship structure data model for the :.hip cargo hold structure based on STEP is proposed. The proposed data model is based on Application Reference Model of AP218 Ship Structure which is the model that specifies conceptual structures and constraints used to describe the information requirements of an application. And the proposeddata model refers the Ship Common Model framework for the model architecture which is the basis for ongoing ship AP development within the ISO ship-building group and the ship product definition information model of CSDP research project for analyzing the relationship between ship structure model entities. The proposed data model includes Space, Compartment. Ship Structural System, Structural Part and Structural Feature of cargo hold. To generate this data model schema in EXPRESS format, ‘GX-Converter’was used which enables user to edit a model in EXPRESS format and convert schema file in EXPRESS format. Using this model schema, STEP physical file containing design data for ship cargo hold data structure was generated through SDAI programming. The another STEP physical file was also generated containing geometry data of ship cargo hold which was extracted and calculated by SDAI and external surface/surface intersection program. The geometry information of ship cargo hold can be then transferred to commercial CAD system, for example, Pro/Engineer. Examples of the modification of the design information are also Presented.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.112-128
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• 2016

Capsize and sinking of a coastal car ferry has occurred in a Korean offshore area and has caused hundreds of human casualties. The rapid turn and improper cargo loading are inferred as the main reasons of the accident. It has motivated to develop a new system of cargo securing with improved safety of Korean coastal ferries. This paper provides a new approach regarding cargo securing safety assessment which is purely based on force equilibrium conditions, because IMO CSS is suitable for the ocean-going vessels. The mathematical formulations are presented for the new approach. This paper also introduces a newly developed safety assessment system based on the new approach. Most outstanding features are that it can utilize acceleration data produced from hydrodynamic motion analyses or assumed maximum extents of ship motion components and that securing safety assessment is simultaneously possible for unlimited number of cargoes with finite number of lashings.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.20
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• pp.213-239
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• 2003

This paper intends to describe the liability regime of the air carrier under the Montreal Convention of 1999 for the international cargo, comparing to those of the existing Warsaw Convention system. Also this paper deals with main issues of the Montreal Convention which are relevant for the carrier's liability in the carriage by air of cargo. The Warsaw Convention was adopted in 1929 and modified successively in 1955, 1961, 1971, 1975, and 1999. The Montreal Convention of 1999 modernized and consolidated the Warsaw Convention and related instruments. International air carrier is liable by application of principle of strict liability as stated in the Montreal Convention : The carrier is liable for the destruction or loss of, or damage to cargo and delay during the carriage by air, and the carrier's liability is limited to a sum of 17 Special Drawing Rights per kilogramme. However, the Montreal Convention has main outstanding issues with respect to the liability of the air carrier : potential conflicts between the Montreal Convention and the Warsaw Convention, the amounts of limits of the carrier's liability, the duration of the carrier's liability, the exessive litigation, and the aviation insurance. Therefore, the conditions and limits of the carrier's liability under the Montreal Convention should be readjusted and regulated in detail.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2006

The port, differently from general working place, is a closed area to execute security, customs, and quarantine procedures. The loading and unloading is being done differently by cargoes, ships, berths, and equipments. To load and unload a lot of equipments and different types of labor are required, in which work flow is very complicated. As above mentioned the port is very unique and deteriorated working place including danger. The purpose of this thesis is to propose ways to analyze and establish the preventive measure for cargo handling accidents in port. We have collected 923 accidents happened at Incheon Port during the period from 1994 to 2003. And to analyze and establish the preventive measure we have employed an advanced 6sigma DMAIC technology presently in spotlight as the best tool for management innovation. For the purpose of effective safety management of cargo handling in port, this thesis will help to revise and establish the law, system, standard, and standard working manual with respect to the port loading and unloading system. Now frequency of cargo handling accidents in port is highest for the second time among all industries, so we proposed the new safety management system to substitute port safety committee and to take full charge of safety in Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-112
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• 2005

This paper will look into the Main Substance and Some Problems of 24 hours Advance Cargo Manifest Declaration Rule, focuses on the Policy implication of Korea's and counter measures of our parties concerned about 24-hour advance vessel manifest rule. The 24-hour rule requires cargo owners to submit cargo manifest information to U.S. Customs 24 hours before vessel sailing from the final foreign port to a U.S. port. Cargo manifest information must be complete, accurate, and timely. As of February 2, 2003 manifest information can be submitted by paper or electronically. Cargo descriptions must be at a level of detail consistent with Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) codes used by U.S. Customs. HTS codes are 10 digits. Electronic submissions are made via the Automated Manifest System (AMS) run by U.S. Customs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.7-14
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to improvement strategies for transportation systems of container cargo in Busan port. Therefore, it was forecasted the future container cargo demand using logistic curve formula. In 2011, container cargo demand was forecasted 8.791 million TEU(T/S including 12.559 million TEU). In order to improvement transportation systems of container cargo, this study presented following; $\circled1$ port facilities expansion, $\circled2$ diversity of container transport modes. $\circled3$ make up ICD and exclusive container roads, $\circled4$ the second Seoul-Busan Expressway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2002

A heating cargo is solidified by several reasons during carriage. This study is to analyse a cargo accident which 811,202 US barrels of Nile Blend crude oil reamined solid In the tanks after discharge. There are some possibilities that low temperature of Beading cargo below cloud point and wax appearance temperature at loading time, heating interruption during voyage or discharging, and prohibition of crude oil washing during discharging might influence the cargo solidified. But we concluded that the defect of heating system would most affect the heating cargo solidified locally, and which blocked drain hole of bottom transverse and web frame and they obstruct flow of heating cargo in the tanks.