• Title/Summary/Keyword: Carex humilis

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Dynamics of the Plant Community Structure and Soil Properties in the Burned and Unburned Areas of the Mt. Ch’olye-san (초례산의 산화지와 비산화지의 식물군집구조 및 토양성분의 동태)

  • Sim, Hak-Bo;Woen Kim
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.417-430
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    • 1996
  • This study was conducted to investigate the developmental process of plant community during the secondary succession and the dynamics of soil properties in the burned and unburned areas of Mt. Ch’oly-san. Owing to the forest fire occurred on April, 1989, the red pine(Pinus densiflora) forest and its floor vegetation were burned down. The floristic composition of burned and unburned areas were composed of 53 and 49 species of vascular plants, respectively. The dominant species based on SDR4 of the burned sites were lespedeza cyrtobotrya (89.62), Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (62.50), and Carex humilis (58.73), Quercus serrata (43.33). In contrast, Pinus densiflora (83.56), Lespedeza cyrtobotrya (55.57), Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (51.88) and Carex humilis (50.41) were dominant in the unburned area. The biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both the burned and unburned areas. The indices of similarity ($CC_S$) between the two areas were 0.74. Degree of succession (DS) was 604 in the burned area and 802 in the unburned area. From these facts, it is assumed that the succession is rapidly progressing because of the recovery of vegetation. The species diversity ($\={H}$) and evenness index(C) in the burned and unburned areas were 0.15 and 0.18, respectively. Red pine tree did not resprout after scorch by the forest fire, but Lespedeza, Quercus, Rhododendron, Albizzia, and Zanthoxylum resprouted from the roots and trunks after the forest fire. It seems that these species are the fire-resistant species. Soil properties such as soil pH, content of organic matter, available phosphous, total nitrogen, tatal carbon, exchangeable potssium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium increased due to forest fire. These results suggest the intensity of forest fire in the study area was relatively weak. Monthly changes of soil properties were of little significance except for some cases.

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Effects of fire on Vegetation and Soil nutrients in Mt. palgong (팔공산에서 식생과 토양에 미치는 산불의 영향)

  • Sim, Hak-Bo;Kim, Woen
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.21 no.5_1
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    • pp.465-473
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    • 1998
  • This study was carried out to investigate the developmental process of plant community during the secondary succession and changes of soil properties in the burned areas lapsed 28 years after the forest fire in Mt.Palgong. The forest fire occurred on March, 1969 and the red pine (pinus densiflora) forest and its floor vegetation were burned down. The results are summarized as follows: the floristic composition of burned and unburned areas were composed of 49 and 48 species of vascular plants, respectively. The dominant species based on SDR4 of the burned sites were Lespedeza maximowicxii(87.75), Carex humilis (62.94), Rhododendron schippenbachii(55.78) and Miscanthus sinensis var.purpurascens (51.94). In contrast, Pinus densiflora (81.17), Quercus serrata (53.58)m Carex humilis (53.11) and Miscanthus sinenis var. purpuracens (52.42) were dominant in the unburned area. The biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both areas. The indices of similarity (CCs) between the two areas were 0.80. Degree of succession (DS) was 734 in the burned area and 809 in the unburned area. The species diversity (H) and evenness indices (e) in the burned and unburned areas were 2.05, 2.13 and 0.53, 0.55, respectively. Dominance index (C) in the burned and unburned areas were 0.30 and 0.32, respectively. Soil properties such as soil pH, content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total carbon, exchangeable potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium in burned area were comparatively higher than those of unburned area. Monthly changes of soil properties were of little significance except for some cases. These results suggest that there was relationship between trend of vegetation recovery and the changes of soil properties after the forest fire. Mixed forestation of fire-resistant species and nitrogen fixation species will be effective for reforestation after the forest fire.

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Analysis on Vegetation Change of Forest Fire Damaged Area in Sogeumgang District, Gyeongju National Park (경주국립공원 소금강지구 산불피해지의 식생변화 분석)

  • You, Ju-Han;Kwon, Soon-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.47-64
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for the management of National Park by surveying and analysing the change of vegetation of forest fire damaged area in Sogeumgang District, Gyeongju National Park. The covergae ratio, a number of species and dominant species changed overall in forest fire damaged area. The final result of the change is as follows. In case of coverage ratio in the shrub layer, Site 1 was 30%, 40% in Site 2, 50% in Site 3, 60% in Site 4 and 30% in Site 5. In the herb layer, Site 1 was 90%, 80% in Site 2, 90% in Site 3, 60% in Site 4 and 20% in Site 5. In case of the number of species in the shrub layer, Site 1 was 11 species, 8 species in Site 2, 6 species in Site 3, 10 species in Site 4, 7 species in Site 5, and in the herb layer, Site 1 was 22 species, 25 species in Site 2, 12 species in Site 3 and Site 4 each and 11 species in Site 5. In the dominant species, the shrub layer was Lespedeza maritima(Site 1, 2), Quercus serrata(Site 3), Quercus serrata and Lespedeza bicolor(Site 4) and Styrax japonicus(Site 5), the herb layer was Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens(Site 1, 3), Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum and Carex humilis var. nana(Site 2), Quercus serrata(Site 4) and Carex humilis var. nana andS tyrax japonicus(Site 5). The number of vascular plants was summarized as 91 taxa including 35 families, 69 genera, 78 species, 2 subspecies, 10 varieties and 1 form.

A Study on the Flora and Vegetation of Civilian Control Line Area (Hyangro-Bong, Chiljeol-Bong, Mt. Mae-Bong in Inje-gun, kangwon-do) (민통선 접경지역(매봉산, 칠절봉, 향로봉)일대의 식물상에 관한 연구)

  • 박광서;안치호;박완근
    • Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.81-116
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    • 2001
  • The flora of vascular plants investigated in civilian control line area was 730 taxa consisting of 104 families, 331 genera, 631 species, 2 subspecies, 90 varieties, 7 formae. The forest was comparatively well conserved by Pteridophyta calculation(Pte-Q), 1.27. Among the investigated vascular plants, Korean endemic plants(Carex okamotoi, Salix koriyanagi, Clematis chisanensis, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Viola diamantiaca etc.) were 31 taxa; rare and endangered plants(Disporum ovale, Lilium distichum, Trillium kamschaticum, Gastrodia elata etc.) were 35 taxa; naturalized plants(Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis, Rumex acetosella, Gypsophila oldamiana, Lepidium apetalum etc.) were 26 taxa. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 1 alliances, 6 communities; Rhododendro-Quercetalia mongolicae Kim 1990(신갈나무-철쭉군목), Lindero-Quercion mongolicae Kim 1990(신갈나무-생강나무군단), A. Carex humilis v. nana- Phinus densiflora Community 소나무-산거울군락, B. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum-Quercus mongolica Community 당단풍-신갈나무군락, C. Styrax obassia-Quercus mongolica Community 쪽동백-신갈나무군락, D. Acer palmatum-Quercus mongolica Community 단풍나무-신갈나무군락, E. Rheodendron mucronulatum-Quercus mongolica Community 진달래-신갈나무군락, F. Betula schmiditii-Quercus mongolica Community 박달나무-신갈나무군락

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Revegetation and Secondary Succession of the Burned Area in Mt. Sanseung (山城山 山火跡地의 植生再生과 二次邊의)

  • Kim, Wown;Young Ho Cho
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.203-207
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    • 1984
  • This report is an investigation of the revegetation and secondary succession in the burned area of Mt. Sanseung in Taegu region. The forest fire took place in December, 1977. The survey was conducted eight times, -three times from October 1, 1983 to October 3, the same year and five times from August 10, 1984 to August 15, the same year. The floristic compositions in the sampled sites constituted 25 kinds of vascular plants and 21 kinds in the burned area and the unburned area respectively. The biological type in both the burned and unburned areas was H-D1-R5-e type, which is generally common to other areas (Taegu, Kyungpook, Chung Buk and Kangweon areas). In the burned area dominant species were Carex humilisvar. nana, Arundinella hirata and Quercus serrata and on the other hand, in the unburned area Pinus densiflora, Carex humilis var. nana, Rhododendron mucrfonulatum var. ciliatum and Quercus serrata. The species diversity diversity index(H) and eveness index(e) of the burned area were higher than those unburned area. Degree of succession (DS) was 650 in the burned area at the 6th years after the fires and 962 in the unburned area. THe vegetation of the burned area was slowly recovered as of 1984 compared with each other. According to the analysis of the soil preperties, pH, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium were increased, but organic matter, total nitrogen and total organic carbon were decreased. It is assumed that these results were due to the forest fire.

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A Comparative Study on the Structural Characteristics of the Forest Vegetation at the Southern and Northern Slopes of the Eastern Ridge in Mt. Cheonma, Central Korea (천마산 동부릉선 남북사면의 삼림식생의 구조적 특성에 관한 비교 연구)

  • Lee, Nam-Ju;Yang-Jai Yim
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.213-225
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    • 1988
  • The plant communities of the eastern ridge in Mt. Cheonma, Central Korea, Quercus mongolica, Q mongolica-Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, and Q. mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii communities in the northern slope and Q. variabilis and Q. cutissima communities in the southern slope were detected by Zurich-Montpellier method. The undergrowth of Q mongolica community in the northern slope was dominated by Ainsliaea acerifolia, Carex siderosticta, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Heloniopsis orientalis, Pseudostellaria palibiniana, ranging 3.3 to 2.2 in dominance-sociability, while the those of Q variabilis and Q acutissima in the southern slope were dominated by Spodiopogon cotulifer, Artemisia keiskeana, Carex humilis, Atractylodes japonica, Lysimachia clethroides and Disporum smilacinum with similar degree in dominance-sociability to that of Q mongolica community. The two communities were considered as regenerating forest after severe disturbance judging by their age structure. The relationship between Shannon's diversity index (H') and Simpson's dominance index (i) was in reciprocal proportion in both two communities. The Q. mongolica and Q. variabilis communities were showed 13 and 12 m respectively. Seasonal changes of undergrowth coverage in the two communities were seemed to be affected especially with soil moisture among environmental factors such as temperature, light intensity, relative humidity and organic matter.

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Marsh Vegetation in the Vicinity of the Tumunsan in T$\v{o}$kyusan National Park (덕유산 국립공원 지역내 두문산 부근의 소택지 식생)

  • 임경빈;김용식;전승훈;전정일;강기호
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.104-111
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    • 1994
  • The marsh vegetation in the vicinity of Tumunsan, Tokyusan National Park, Chollapuk-do, Korea was analysed in order to find out the vegetational characteristics. The total number of vascular plants surveyed were summarized as 39 familieis, 77 genera, 74 species, 18 varieties and 1 form. The ten species such as Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Carex leiorhyncha, Lysimachia vulgaris var. davurica, Sirpus triqueter, Scirpus karuizawensis, Caltha palustris var. membranacea, Carex doniana, Carex humilis, Vicia venosa, and Disporum smilacinum showed the Importance Value more than 10 % in herbaceous marsh vegetation. The species such as Heloniopsis orientalis, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Trignotis peduncularis, Lycopus ramosissimus var. japonicus, Iris nertschinskia and Hosta capitata were distributed at very limited or wide spread localities in the marsh. The marsh vegetation in this area is one of the rare and very distinct natural resources in Tokyusan National Park and the proper Action Plan of Management is strongly needed because the projected developing works in this site will act seriously in marsh vegetational changes in the future.

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Flora and Vegetation of Resources Plants in the Mt. Hansuk(Kangwon-do) (한석산의 자원식물상과 식생)

  • 백원기
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.121-142
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    • 1996
  • This study was to establish the floristic composition and vegetation of resources vascular plants of Mt. Hansuk(1,119.1m; $128^{\circ}15';31'E,\;38^{\circ}02'55'N$). This work was conducted during the period of 1995. Resources vascular plants were composed of 85 families, 229 genera, 370 species, 72 varieties and 10 formae, totaling 452 taxa. Among the investigated resources plants, 15 taxa(2.6%) were Korean endemic species. The forest were comparatively well conserved by Pteridophyta calculation(Pte-Q), 1.34 Useful resources plants were edible source(43.8%), pasture source(38.1%), medicinal source(33.2%), ornamental source(11.9%) and timber source(4.9%) respectively. The forest vegetion was classified into 1 order, 1 alliances and 2 communities; Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae Kim 1990 Lindero - Quercion mongolicae Kim 1990 A. Lespedeza maximowiczii - Quercus mongolica Community B. Carex humilis v. nana - Pinus densiflora Community

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만덕봉 일대의 자원식물상과 식생

  • 박완근
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.64-85
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    • 1997
  • This study was to establish the floristic composition and vegetation of resources vascular plants of Mt. Mandukbong(1,035.3 m; $128^{\circ}$54'24'E, $37^{\circ}$36'53'N). This work were investigated during the period of 1996. Resources vascular plants were composed of 97 families, 298 genera, 406 species, 70 varieties and 8 formae, Totaling 484 taxa. Among the investigated resources plants. 15 taxa(2.6%) were Korean endemic species. The forest were comparatively well conservated by Pteridophyta calculation(Pte-Q), 1.1 Useful of resources plants were Edible source(46.7%), Pasture source(37.2%), Medicinal source(35.5%), Ornamental source(12.1%)and Timber source(5.9%) respectively. The forest vegetion was classified into 1 order, 1 alliances, 1 suballiances and 4 communities; Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae Kim 1990 Lindero - Quercion mongolicae Kim 1990 A. Typical community B. Quercus variablilis - Quercus mongolica Community Callicarpo - Quercenion serratae Kim 1990 C. Carex humilis v. nana - Pinus densiflora Community D. Juglans mandshurica - Urtica angustifloia community

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Plant Ecological Studies of Burned Field at the High Mountain Region - Especially at Cheisuk-bong (1,806m) Area in Mt. Chiri - (고산지대(高山地帶) 산화적지(山火跡地)의 식물생태(植物生態)에 관한 연구(硏究) - 지리산(智異山)의 제석봉(1,806m) 지역(地域)을 중심(中心)으로 -)

  • Park, Kwang-Woo;Chung, Song-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.79 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 1990
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the developmental process of plant community during the secondary succession through the analysis of floristic composition, life form etcectra in burned site, and the structure of forest stand before forest fire occurrence was estimated by the method of anatomical wood identification for dead trees in burned site, Cheisuk-bong in Mt. Chiri of Korea. Plant community before forest fire occurrence was estimated the high mountain conifer stand of the last successional stage to consist of Pinus koraiensis(75%), Abies koreana(15%) and Picea jezoensis(10%), and Betula costata was survived only one species after forest fire occurrence. The total number of plant species in the investigated area was 19 families and 23 species that was identified. The dominate species in burned site were Festuca ovina and Arrhenatherum elatius, Carex humilis, Ligularia fischeri etcectra in the investigated area flora. The life form of plant in burned site was the erect from 47.8%, the tufted from 30.4%, the branched and the prostrate from was both 8.7%, It was assumed that dominant species in the burned sites were Gramineae (Festuca ovina, Arrhenatherum elatius), Carex humilis ${\rightarrow}$Sorbus commixta, Rhododendron schrippenbachii, Sambucus williamsii var. coreana, Tripterygium regelii ${\rightarrow}$Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Betula costata, Quercus mongolica${\rightarrow}$Pinaceae forest(Pinus koraiensis, Abies koreana, Picea jezoznsis).

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