• 가정간호학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.19-34
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analysis level on family caregiver's burden for the elderly with chronic disease in a rural area and to choose priority care group, thereby facilitating the development of interventions to reduce the caregiver's burden. For this purpose, data were collected by questionaire from June 10 to October 8, 1994. The instruments for data collection were Caregiver Burden Inventory by Novak(1989) and Zarit et al(1982), severity of dementia by Hughes Scales(1982), ADL by Lawton(1971), patients' family caregiving activity by pre-survey and reference review(Lee, 1993 ; Jang, 1990 ; Yoo, 1982). The subjects were 213 family caregiver of elderly with chronic disease in a rural area. The data was analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The results were as follows ; 1. Total burden was evaluated below average, the mean of family burden was 46.98. By the diagnostic classification, Hypertension was 27.37, DM 32.46, CVA 62.96, Dementia 61.24. 2. Significant variables which were correlated to the family caregiver's burden were the patient's disease diagnosis (F=33.82, p<0.001), severity of dementia(F=30.52, p<0.001), the status of disease management(F=11.53, p<0.001), ADL(F=10.54, p<0.001), PADL(F=7.50, p<0.001), income(F=7.17, p<0.001), caregiver's health status(F=24.53, p<0.001), a view of patient's prognosis (F=22.17, p<0.001), relationship with the patient(F=33.82, p<0.001), the number of hours per day spent on caregiving(F=77.52, p<0.001), level of intimacy of caregiver and patients(F=8.75, p<0.001), level of helping(F=4.90, p<0.01), the frequency of caregiving activity(F=3.80, p<0.01), the number of admission(F=5.54, p<0.01), the length of caregiving(F=4.43, p<0.01), other chronic patient in family(t=2.81, p<0.01), caregiver's job(F=3.11, p<0.01), the duration of illness(F=2.98, p<0.05), caregiver's religion(F=2.93, p<0.05), medical security(F=3.89, p<0.05), caregiving's helper(t=2.42, p<0.05). 3. PADL was the most important predictor to family caregiver burden(R2=0.6611). In addition to this, IADL, caregiver's health status, the length of caregiving. level of intimacy of caregiver and patients, patient's age, the patient's disease diagnosis and patient's job accounted for 76% of family caregiver burden. 4. The criteria of priority care group were as follows ; the mean of family caregiver burden was above 58, above of moderate ADL, the number of hours per day spent on caregiving above of 8 hours, above of moderate dementia. By the diagnostic classification, number of priority care group, Hypertension was 4 (8.0%), DM 4(8.0%), CVA 34(64.1%), Dementia 45(75.0%).

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.60-76
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analysis level on family caregiver's burden for the elderly with senile dementia in a rural area and to choose priority care group, thereby facilitating the development of interventions to reduce the caregiver's burden. For this purpose, data were collected by questionaire from June 10 to October 8, 1994. The instruments for data collection were Caregiver Burden Inventory by Novak(1989) and Zarit et al(1982), severity of dementia by Hughes Scales (1982), ADL by Lawton (1971), patients' family caregiving activity by pre-survey and reference review(Lee, 1993 ; Jang, 1990 ; Yoo, 1982). The subjects were 60 family caregiver of senile dementia in a rural area. The data was analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. Total burden was evaluated over average, the mean of family burden was 61.24. 2. Significant variables which were correlated to the family caregiver's burden were the severity of dementia(F=30.52, p<0.001), ADL(F=5.43, p<0.01), PADL(F=6.14, p<0.01), caregiver's health status(F=6.05, p<0.01), a view of patient's prognosis(F=4.08, p<0.05), the number of hours per day spent on caregiving(F=19.64, p<0.001), level of intimacy of caregiver and patients(F=7.16, p<0.001), the frequency of caregiving activity(F=5.31, p<0.01). 3. ADL was the most important predictor to family caregiver burden(R2=0.6611). In addition to this, the severity of dementia, level of intimacy of caregiver and patient, relationship with the patient accounted for 79% of family caregiver burden. 4. The criteria of priority care group were as follows ; the mean of family caregiver burden was above 58, above of moderate ADL, the number of hours per day spent on caregiving above of 8 hours, above of moderate dementia. By the the severity of dementia, number of priority care group, mild dementia was 10(43.4%), moderate dementia 23 (92.0%), sever dementia 12(100.0%).

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.695-704
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• 1998

This study aims for examines the actual physical symptom and stress in caregivers of patients with cerebrovascular disease. The data were collected by a survey conducted from August to September, 1997 which included 65 caregivers of cerebrovascular disease patients in 4 hospitals located in Seoul. The caregiver's stress was measured by Choi (1992)'s instrument and the actual physical symptoms were investigated. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. The mean number of caregiver's physical symptom was 3.5. There were significantly higher number of physical symptom in women, those of who have a religious affiliation, those of who perceive their own health status perceived as bad, and those of who perceived their patients disease condition as serious than in their counterparts. Also, the number of caregiver's physical symptom was significantly higher in caregivers whose patients have a paralysis sypmtom and the disease onset as accident than in caregivers whose patients have no paralysis symptom and the disease onset as spontaneous. 2. The average of caregiver's stress was 57.9. The caregiver's stress was the highest in between the ages of 50 and 59. There were also significantly higher level of stress in women, those of who perceived the disease condition of their patients as serious than in their counterparts. 3. The most common caregiver's physical symptom was fatigue(87.7%). This was followed by insomnia(58.5%) and muscle pain(47.7%). 4. Caregiver's physical sypmtom was positively correlated with caregiver's stress and negatively correlated with patient's activity of daily life. 5. The most important vairable affecting the caregiver's physical symtom was patient's activity of daily life which accounted for 12.7% of the total variance in stepwise multiple regression analysis. The most important vairable affecting the caregiver's stress was the patient disease condition perceived by the caregiver that accounted for 12.1% of the total variance.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.108-132
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• 1992

The purpose of this study· is to identify sources of the caregiving burden, thereby suggesting social welfare alternetives for supporting family caregivers of the elderly with dementia. 23 family caregivers who participated in self-help group of family caregivers of dementia elderly at a welfare facility for the elderly in Seoul were seleted as the study sample. Zarit caregiving burden scale and Zarit functional impairment measurement for the elderly were adapted for this study and a number of additional variables were included in this study. Correlational analysis was utilized. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1) The impairment of activities of daily living of the elderly was significantly related to the negative elderly. caregiver-family relationship(PADL:r=.6032 IADL : r=.5930 p<.05). 2) The impact on caregiver's health was very significantly related to the impact on the caregiver's task(r=.6233 p<.001). 3) The Impact on caregiver's health was very significantly related to the impact on the caregiver's social activity restriction(r=.6851 p<.001). 4) The impact on the caregiver's social activity was very significantly related to the impact on the caregiver's task(r=.6969 p<.001). 5) Caregiver's income was significantly related to the impact on the caregiver's task(r=.5252 p<.05). 6) Compensation(interpersonal relationship between the elderly and the caregivers, social praise and appreciation of the elderly) was important variables which affect to the feeling of the caregiving burden.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1531-1542
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• 2000

In this paper, we examined the depression of stroke patient's caregivers and analyzed influencing factors of the depression. The subjects were 215 caregivers who have takencare of stroke survivors in their home. The conceptual model of this study consisted of the caregiver's depression, perceived burden, illness intrusiveness, and patient's ADL. Modified Korean CES-D, modified subjective and objective Burden Scale, Illness intrusiveness(II), and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living(IADL) were used to measure concepts. Path analysis was used to test the model of this study. The results were as follows: 1. The mean depression score was 11.6 which was below the cut-off score of the CES-D. This score indicates that the subjects were higher than normal adults' mean score but not depressive. Eighty-six out of 215 caregivers(40%) were above the cut-off score. This finding was different from previous research results, and the reason might be the patients' capability of ADL. In a group of low capability patient's activities of daily living, caregiver's depression score was 15.5. 2. Caregiver's depression was positively related to caregiver's burden and illness intrusiveness, but negatively related to patient's activities of daily living. 3. The caregiver's perceived burden and illness intrusiveness directly influenced on their depression. Furthermore, the and caregiver's illness intrusiveness led to depression indirectly through their burden. A patient's activities of daily living didn't influence directly on depression but indirectly through caregiver's illness intrusiveness and burden.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.3-23
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of symptoms of dementia elderly on the primary caregiver's depression. In addition, moderating effect of family support was examined. Based on the results, the necessity for intervention in the level of social welfare as a way to mitigate primary caregiver's depression was suggested. Method: In order to accomplish these purposes, a total of 197 who are spouse and adult-children of dementia elderly using day care facilities or services in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan province, South Korea were utilized. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, regression model analysis with SPSS 18.0. Results: In case of analysis results, the mean value was reported 0.9 out of four point about primary caregiver's depression and the mean value of family support was reported 3.34 out of five point. And besides, the analysis result of dementia elderly's symptoms showed that prevalence of depression/dysphoria were 62.2%, prevalence of aberrant motor were 61.3%, prevalence of apathy/indifference were 56.6%. Crucial findings are as follows: the symptoms of dementia elderly was significantly associated with the primary caregiver's depression. At the same time, family support significantly influenced lower level of the primary caregiver's depression. While, in the relationship between the symptoms of dementia elderly and the primary caregiver's depression, family support has a moderation effect by important protection factor. Conclusions: From these findings, the necessities to provide the care service for dementia elderly to help improve symptoms of dementia as well as the policy and service to manage the mental health of the family as primary caregiver were suggested. Also, the necessities to provide the family therapy program to improve the relationship with family members were suggested.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the basic data for an effective measure for the caregiver's burden and adaptation of industrial accident patient. Method: The data were computerized by the SPSS/pc for Window. Results: 1) The burden felt by the caregiver of the patients who were in hospital was more than 'average', and objective burden was higher than subjective one. 2) The adaptation felt by the caregiver was more than 'average'. 3) The objective burden of the caregiver based on the general characteristics varied in the relationship between the caregiver and the patient, the level of education of the caregiver, the age of the caregiver, nursing period, nursing time per day, and so forth. The subjective burden was significantly related to the relationship between the caregiver and the patient, the level of education of the caregiver, the age of the caregiver, nursing period, nursing time per day, and the religion. 4) The adaptation of the caregiver based on the general characteristics varied in monthly income and nursing period. 5) The relationship between the burden and adaptation of the caregiver were reverse. Conclusion: Even though the caregiver have high burden, they positively adaptation it.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.64-80
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting family caregiver burden, and to identify the relationship between family caregiver burden and family function /self-care of psychiatric out-patient. These data were collected by questionnaire from September 20 to October 8, 1993. The subjects were 285 family caregiver of psychiatric out-patients. The instruments used in this study were Caregiver Burden Inventory(CBI) by Novak(1989), self-care performing by Yu(1992), and Family APGAR by Smilkstein(1979). The data were analyzed by cronbach's $\alpha$, mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS /pc+ program. The result of this study were as follows ; 1. The means of family caregiver Burden revealed total 2.00, Time-Dependence Burden 78, developmental Burden 2.22, physical Burden 1.90, social Burden 1.43, emotional Burden 2.18, financial Burden 1.51. family caregiver burden score showed moderate level. time-dependence burden showed the highest score and social burden showed the lowest score. 2. The means of family function revealed total 5.67. 7 through high-21.4% (61), low through 3-38.6%(110). family function score showed moderate level. 3. The means of patient's self-care performance revealed total 137.71. self-care performance showed moderate level. 4. A ststistically significant correlation between family caregiver burden and patient's demographic variables, age (F=3.83, p<.01), marrital status(F=3.50, p<.01), job(F=3.17, p<.01), diagnosis(F=4.46, p<.01), income (F=4.46, p<.01). No significant differences between family caregiver burden and prevalent period, religion, sex (p>.05). S. A ststistically significant correlation between family caregiver burden and family's demographic variables, age (F=7.34, p<.01), sex(t=-2.63, p<.01), education level(F=7.61, p<.01), income (F=8.13, p<.01), relation with patient (F=6.92, p<.01), job(F=2.03, p<.05), medical service (F=3.89, p<.05), presence of chronically ill without patient(t=-2.01, p<.05) 6. Family function was the highest factor predicting family caregiver burden(R=.4168, $R^2=.1737$), low education level of family, patient's self-care, family income accounted for 36% in family caregiver burden.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.595-605
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the perceived burden of the stroke patient's caregiver and related factors to analyze relationships between perceived burden and social supports. A convenient sample of 225 caregivers who take care for a stroke patient at home participated in this study. Caregiver's perceived burden was measured by the objective and subjective burden scale developed by Montgomery (1985). Related factors of burden were studied in terms of the patient's instrumental activties of daily living, cognitive function, caregiver's demographic variables and caregiver's illness intrusiveness. The results were as follows: (1) The mean of objective burden score was 4.5, and subjective burden score was 3.1. These scores show that caregivers perceive moderate level of burden. (2) Caregivers' objective burden was significantly related to caregivers's illness intrusiveness (r=.62), patient's IADL (r=-.33), and patient's cognitive function (r=-.15). The subjective burden was related to the caregiver's illness intrusiveness (r=.29), the patient's IADL (r=.24), and the caregiver's age(r=.23). (3) The percentage of stroke caregivers who perceived physical support was 49.1%. The percentage of those who perceived emotional support was 61.0%, and those who perceived financial support totaled 37.6%. (4) Caregivers who received any type of social supports perceived lower subjective burden, and caregivers who received physical or psychological support perceived lower objective burden. These results emphasized the necessity of a rehabilitation programs for stroke patients and support program for family caregivers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.385-399
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of caregiver's behaviors and children's social behaviors. the quality of caregiver's behaviors were observed during indoor free-play time in the 8 classes at 7 child care centers. Forty children were selected from two classes of high quality caregivers and 2 of low quality caregivers based on the quality of caregiver's behaviors. Children's social behaviors were measured in terms of social competence, social maladjustment, and social interaction. results of the study were as follows: First, children of high quality caregivers were more socially competent than of low quality caregivers. second, there were no significant differences in social maladjustemnt according to the quality of caregiver's behavior. Third, children of high quality caregivers showed more positive and dependent interaction with caregivers high quality caregivers showed more positive and depedndent interaction with caregivers than of low quality teachers. Also, children of high quality caregivers engaged less in aimless behavior and negative interaction with peers than of low quality caregivers.