• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.4037-4040
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and toxic and side effects of recombinant human endostatin (rhendostatin/endostar) combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients with advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcioma confirmed by histopathology and/or cytological examination were divided into group A (37 patients) and group B (33 patients). Patients in group A were given intravenous drip of 15 mg endostar added into 500 mL normal saline, once every other day until the cessation of chemotherapy or patients' maximal tolerance to chemotherapy. Patients in group B received chemotherapy alone. Two groups selected the same chemotherapy regimens. FOLFIRI scheme: 90-min intravenous drip of $180mg/m^2$ irinotecan, intravenous drip of $200mg/m^2$ calcium folinate (CF) and $400mg/m^2$ 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on d1, and continuous intravenous pumping of 2 $400mg/m^2$ 5-Fu for 46 h. FOLFOX4 scheme: intravenous injection of $85mg/m^2$ oxaliplatin (L-OHP), $200mg/m^2$ calcium folinate (CF) and $400mg/m^2$ 5-FU on d1 for 2 h, and then continuous intravenous pumping of 2 $400mg/m^2$ 5-Fu for 46 h. XELOX scheme: oral administration of 1 $500mg/m^2$ xeloda (or tegafur 50~60 mg) in twice during d1~14 and intravenous drip of $135mg/m^2$ L-OHP on d1 for 2 h. The modified FOLFOX scheme: intravenous injection of $135mg/m^2$ L-OHP on d1 for 2 h, $200mg/m^2$ CF and 1.0 g tegafur during d1~5. Whereas, control Group B received chemotherapy regimens which were same as Group A, but no addition of endostar. Before chemotherapy, patients were given intravenous injection of 8 mg ondansetron, intramuscular injection of 10 mg metoclopramide and 20 mg diphenhydramine for prevention of vomiting, protection of liver and stomach as well as symptomatic supportive treatment. One cycle was 21 d, 4~6 cycles in total. The efficacy was evaluated every 2 cycles. Results: 32 patients in Group A could be evaluated, and the response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 59.38% and 78.13%, respectively. 31 patients in Groups could be evaluated, and the RR and DCR were 32.26% and 54.84%, respectively. The differences between 2 groups were significant. The toxic effects include myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reaction, fatigue, cardiotoxicity and peripheral neurotoxicity. Conclusions: Preliminary observations show that endostar (once every other day) combined with chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer, with low toxic effects, good tolerance, deserving further study.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.44-47
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• 2006

Symptoms of aspirin overdose may vary from acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, chemical hepatitis, seizure to cardiac toxicity. Cardiac adverse effects from aspirin are uncommon but there are reports of arrhythmia, cardiopulmonary arrest, and myocardial infarction. We report 2 cases of young women with aspirin overdose who exhibited ischemic changes on their ECGs a few hours after the ingestion with spontaneous recovery in a few days. First case, a 29 year old woman, presented to the emergency department 6 hours after ingesting 250 tablets of aspirin (325 mg/T). On examination, the temperature was $36.3^{\circ}C$: blood pressure, 105/72mmHg; Pulse, 111/min and respiratory rate, 24/min. Second case, a 27 year old woman, an hour after ingesting 60 tablets (325mg/T). On examination, the temperature was $36.0^{\circ}C$: blood pressure, 102/72 mmHg; pulse, 89/min and respiratory rate, 25/min. In both cases, ECG after 6 hours of ingestion had sinus tachycardia and developed T wave inversion on the anterior leads in the following ECGs. Their initial serum salicylate levels after 6 hours of ingestion were 71.2 mg/dL and 28.4 mg/dL respectively. These salicylate levels were resolving when these ECGs were observed. The ECG changes resolved in the following days and they were discharged without any further symptoms. Further studies are needed, but for the time being, when dealing with salicylate overdose, transient cardiac depression should be kept in mind to avoid adverse ischemic cardiac events.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2018

노랑붓꽃에서 분리된 iridin의 doxorubicin으로 유도된 신장 세포괴사 모델에 대한 보호 효과 및 암세포에 대한 작용을 알아보기위해 연구를 수행하였다. Iridin 단일 처리로는 신장근위세뇨관 세포주에 대해 독성을 나타내지 않았으며, $80{\mu}M$의 농도에서 $10{\mu}M$ doxorubicin 처리에 의한 세포사멸을 $94.6{\pm}2.6%$까지 회복시켰다. 또한 $80{\mu}M$ iridin 처리는 $10{\mu}M$ doxorubicin 처리에 의해 증가된 cleaved PARP1과 cleaved caspase-3를 포함하는 세포사멸 신호전달을 차단하였을 뿐만 아니라 DNA fragmentation, necrotic cell death 및 mitochondrial dysfunction을 개선시켰다. 마지막으로 암세포에서 iridin의 효과를 확인해본 결과, 폐암세포주인 NCI-H1229 세포에서 doxorubicin의 항암효과를 억제하는 경향이 나타났지만 대장암 세포주인 HCT-116 세포주에서는 암세포에 대한 성장억제를 방해하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 폐암세포에서 doxorubicin과 iridin의 병용처리는 힘들다고 판단되고, In vivo 수준에서 신장 독성 및 대장암 관련 실험을 통해 iridin의 역할을 추가적으로 확인해야한다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.617-630
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• 2021

Chemotherapy-induced side effects affect the quality of life and efficacy of treatment of cancer patients. Current approaches for treating the side effects of chemotherapy are poorly effective and may cause numerous harmful side effects. Therefore, developing new and effective drugs derived from natural nontoxic compounds for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects is necessary. Experiments in vivo and in vitro indicate that Panax ginseng (PG) and its ginsenosides are undoubtedly non-toxic and effective options for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and hematopoietic inhibition. The mechanism focus on anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis, as well as the modulation of signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), P62/keap1/Nrf2, c-jun Nterminal kinase (JNK)/P53/caspase 3, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4)/JNK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT. Since a systemic review of the effect and mechanism of PG and its ginsenosides on chemotherapy-induced side effects has not yet been published, we provide a comprehensive summarization with this aim and shed light on the future research of PG.