• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop 360° virtual reality videos and common videos for cardiac arrest recognition. Methods: A sequential mixed methods study was conducted, using qualitative interviews (with a total of seven experts) and a quantitative survey. Results: First, the cardiac arrest situation should be developed within 2-3 minutes after witnessing the patient collapse, for each of the four cardiac arrest videos about apnea, gasping, seizure, gasping, and seizure. Second, the education program should be designed so that the education on cardiac arrest recognition can proceed before CPR practice begins. Conclusion: 360° virtual reality videos and common videos for cardiac arrest recognition can play an important role in the education of the general public about cardiac arrest experience.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3085-3093
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine difference in knowledge level, attitude and performance competence on CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) in football players. For this, questionnaire survey was carried out from October 5, 2011 to October 19 targeting 234 football players of high schools and universities where are located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon-do Province. The collected data was carried out frequency, t-test ANOVA, and correlation analysis by using SPSS/PC 19.0 for Windows. All the statistical analyses were set for significance level in p<.05. The results are as follows. Knowledge level, attitude and performance competence on CPR according to football players' general characteristics were indicated to have influence upon gender, academic background, and the appearance of educational experience in CPR. It was indicated that there is difference between CPR-related characteristics, and knowledge level, attitude & performance competence. Also, it was indicated that there is correlation among knowledge level, attitude and performance competence on CPR in football players. Based on these results, it accurately grasps experience and knowledge level on CPR in football players, thereby making a place available for having a game with security, resulting in being considered to possibly make the better sports.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-78
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the improvement of the guidelines and training programs regarding the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance of bystanders who can respond to the incidents in earlier times as the first responder of the cardiac arrest incident, by reviewing the performance of basic CPR and the influencing factors after providing 70 students of Department of Emergency Medical Technology with the CPR training. For the purpose of the study, the collected data were computerized and analyzed by SPSS-WIN program(ver. 10.1). The results for this study were as follows The duration of session between the groups in the BLS CPR were 3 minutes and 36 seconds, 2 minutes and 32 seconds respectively. The average compression number per minute were 24.3 times and 33,2 times respectively(p=.000), and the average compression rate per minute were 112 times and 122 times respectively(p=.000). The average ventilation number per minute were 3.54 times and 5.1 times respectively(p=.000). The errors in compression "Too shallow" were 20.73 times(34.6%) and 23,23 times(38,7%) out of 60 times in 4 cycles with the standard of 38 nun. In CPR performance results according to gender in the first episode, males showed better results in compression depth as 41.5 mm comparing to females average 38.2 mm(p=.015). When ventilation results were compared according to the use of FS, the average ventilation number per minute, total ventilation per minute and the average volume per episode were significantly higher when FS was not used(<.040), There was no significant difference in ventilation accuracy between two groups. According to the results, we need to improve and distribute portable barrier devices, and to be familiar with those devices. We need to enforce ventilations as well as to include compressions so that faster and more accurate CPR can be performed. Additionally, we need to exclude ventilation only cases, minimize the interference time of chest compression due to inaccurate ventilation, simplify or minimize the complicatedness of CPR performance and responding time related to breathing, provide first responders with various training programs such as initial assessment and ventilations only, or initial assessment and chest compression-only CPR and than provide advanced training with AHA BLS education including CPR for more than two people according to CPR skills and target characteristics.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare educational effects between traditional classroom instruction and video self-instruction (VSI) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in boy's high school students. Methods: This study was carried out targeting totally 96 boy students(47 people for experimental group, 49 people for control group) in the second grade of high school where is located in G city of G province from July 9-10, 2009. The experimental group and control group were arbitrarily selected two classes in the second grade. One class was assigned to the experimental group. another class was assigned to the control group. The experimental group was educated with VSI for CPR. The control group was educated with traditional classroom instructions for CPR. The analysis was performed with SPSS WIN (version 12.0) program using frequency chi-square($x^2$) test, independent samples t-test, and paired t-test. Results: After instructions, the knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, and skill performance accuracy scores on CPR increased statistically in both group. The increases of self-confidence ($2.40{\pm}0.73$) and skill performance accuracy score ($2.67{\pm}0.29$) in the experiment group were significantly higher than those ($2.01{\pm}0.96$ and $2.54{\pm}0.31$) in the control group, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggested that VSI was more effective than traditional classroom education for self-confidence and skill-performance accuracy in CPR. To confirm it, more studies are warranted.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

This study is focused on middle school students who are composed of a factor in medical emergency system. In the case of cardiac failure, it is to make its basic data and develop its education program of CPR(cardiopulmonary resuscitation) which can increase the patient's survival rate before his hospitalization. The findings of this study is as follows. The subject of study is composed of 117 persons who are 54 boy-students(46.2%) and 63 girl-students(53.8%) in sex and 72 first-grade students(61.5%) and 45 second-grade students (38.5%) in a school year. In the accuracy degree, the practice of artificial respiration is $42.28{\pm}34.42%$ in case of basic CPR(cardiopulmonary resuscitation). The accuracy degree of the thorax pressure is $82.17{\pm}15.40%.$ In the accuracy degree, the practice of artificial respiration is $92.16{\pm}25.68%$ in boy-students and $20.38{\pm}24.16%$ in girl-students, the second-grade students is $58.40{\pm}33.29%$, which is higher than the first-grade students' $32.21{\pm}31.14%$. In the accuracy degree, the thorax pressure is $92.16{\pm}3.91%$ in boy-studetns and $73.61{\pm}16.41%$ in girl-students. In the accuracy degree of the thorax pressure, the second-grade students are $82.60{\pm}16.54%$ and the first-grade students $81.91{\pm}3.91$, which doesn't show any significant difference in school year. The satisfaction degree after theory & practice education is $2.12{\pm}.85$. In the satisfaction degree of its basic CPR, girl-students are $2.14{\pm}.83$ and boy-students are 2.11. In the satisfaction degree of its basic CPR, the second-grade students are $2.40{\pm}.61$ and the first-grade students are $1.95{\pm}.94$. This study is to lead to some suggestions. First, it is necessary to develop the education program and educate its knowledge & technology in proportion to student's characteristics of sex and school year. Second, education authorities should develop a subject of the accident prevention and first-aid treatment in its curriculum and provide the practical education of CPR for adults, adolescents and children. Third, it is necessary to study the education program as well as the education evaluation of CPR further on.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.67-81
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in compression quality and fatigue levels in a rescuer for three different hand techniques used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods: The participants were paramedic students at the basic life support provider level. The hands-only CPR was performed for 10 minutes for each of the three hand techniques without disruption, and the quality of chest compressions and fatigue levels were analyzed. Results: There was no difference between the sexes in the chest compression quality and the physiologic parameters before and after compression. Among the quality indexes of chest compression with each of the techniques performed for 10 minutes, the mean depth (p<.01) and mean accuracy (p=.000) of the compression were found to be higher in the five finger fulcrum technique, while the mean compression rate and relaxation accuracy showed no significant differences. Regarding fatigue levels, the five finger fulcrum technique caused lesser subjective fatigue as compared to other techniques (p<.05), although the heart rate and blood pressure revealed no difference. Conclusion: The five finger fulcrum technique was found to be better than the other techniques in terms of chest compression quality and subjective levels of fatigue, indicating that it should be used in CPR education.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to predict a reasonable direction to design a pertinent educational program in the future by evaluating an adult CPR(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) skill performed by EMTs engaged in fire services organization and comparing the CPR success rate of factors as like a duty place and licensed year. Methods: We studied CPR skill by the use of a CPR manikin(Skillmeter Resusci Annie, Laerdal company). The study population consisted of 320 EMTs. Every EMT performed four cycle after investigating the manikin for 2 minutes. We regarded chest compression with 100 times in a minute as the 100% success rate. We analysed the skill of chest compression, ventilation and chest compression times success rate by the records printed in the CPR paper. Results: The average success rate of chest compression was 59.42$\pm$29.26% and ventilation 49.22$\pm$29.65%. The success rate of manual CPR was different between chest compression and ventilation. Also the success rate of chest compression times was high relatively as a 87.32$\pm$9.14%(p=0.000). For the CPR skill, ventilation was lowest as 49.22%. The factors such as duty place and licensed year did not influence the CPR success rate (p>0.001). Conclusion: We could have conclusion that CPR training should be shared more time in ventilation than in chest compression. Also we could reach to a conclusion that it is important to increase the times of CPR training for improving the accuracy of CPR and that the continuing education of CPR training frequency might be more than four times in a year.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.85-94
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• 2019

This study was aimed to identify a study on the effect of chest compressions combined with abdominal drawing-in technique on prevention of back pain and chest compression quality. We tested motion analysis, electromyography, and chest compression quality of 15 paramedics. Data were normalized to SPSS 21.0 (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test). The paired t-test was used for the pre- and post-test chest compressions, the one-way ANOVA was used for the analysis of the measurement point-in-time differences, and LSD was used for the post-test. The results of the study showed significant difference in muscle activity and chest compression success rate when the chest pressure was applied with abdomen drawing-in. Therefore, it is necessary to study cardiopulmonary resuscitation education which can increase the chest compression success rate while preventing the back pain of the paramedics in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.460-468
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of class-based and simulation-based CPR education for the rural elderly on their attitudes toward CPR, self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Using a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, this study used a pretest-posttest method with a sample of 43 elderly people aged 65 or older in rural areas. The twenty-two elderly people in the control group received class-based CPR education, while the experimental group underwent both class-based and simulation-based education. Both groups were given surveys to complete before and after the education. The statistical analysis was based on the $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of their attitudes (F=0.89, p=.353). However, statistical differences were found in the self-efficacy (F=5.54, p=.025) and satisfaction (F=4.66, p=.039) between the two groups. This study provides the baseline data indicating that the education methods implemented in this study were effective for the elderly living in rural areas. Thus, it is necessary to make efforts to ensure that the elderly are able to manage emergency situations by boosting their CPR self-efficacy and educational satisfaction through simulation-based education.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.33-49
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the work and job satisfaction of military emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: We selected 122 military EMTs who participated in the refresher education in 2012. This study was conducted from November 12 to December 21, 2012. Results: The most frequent duties of military EMTs were scene assessment, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, surgical treatment, prehospital first-aid, transfer to the hospital, education, and call response. The air force and navy EMTs had better performance than the army EMTs. As for job satisfaction, the work itself ranked highest, whereas payment ranked lowest. Conclusion: The scope of the work of the military EMTs varied in the 14 fields of work but should be considered for further evaluation. In order to increase the job satisfaction of EMTs, their work conditions should be improved such as through salary increase and extra pay for those with professional certificates.