• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.208-211
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• 2005

Primary lung cancer is unusual in children; the squamous cell variant is extremely rare. Lung cancer is classified by histologic types into small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung caner, carcinoid, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Furthermore, non-small cell lung cancer is subclassified into adenocarcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of lung cancer is influenced by smoking, especially in squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. The present treatments for these tumors are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical resection depending on their histologic types or stages, but yield very poor survival rates. In this article, we report a case of basaloid squamous cell lung carcinoma in an 11-year-old boy who had symptoms of both leg weakness and back pain radiating to both legs. We confirmed the primary lung carcinoma cells by percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy. The metastatic carcinoma cells were identified at the bone marrow and lumbar spine. We treated with a combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, he expired 4 months after the onset of disease.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2006

Purpose: DNA in most cell is regularly damaged by endogenous and exogenous mutagens. Unrepaired damage resulted in apoptosis or may lead to unregulated cell growth and cancer. Inheritance of genetic variants at one or more loci results in an reduced DNA repair capacity. These polymorphisms are highly prevalent in the population, and therefore the attributable risks for cancer could be high. Several studies have documented that polymorphisms of XRCC1, XPD and XRCC3 are associated with skin cancer, especially, XRCC1 among of them has been reported frequently. So, this study involves the relationship between mutation of XRCC1 of squamous cell and basal cell cancer of the skin and risk of cancer development in Korean population. Methods: In case control study, study population (n=100, each cancer) is patients who were pathologically diagnosed as skin cancer(squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) in Yonsei Wonju Christian Hospital and Bundang CHA General Hospital between 1998 and 2004. The samples of DNA from whom no history of premalignant skin lesion and other malignant diseases were reported belonged to the control group(n=210). Blood and tissue samples were analyzed for presence of XRCC1 Arg399Glu, Arg280His, Arg194Trp using PCR/ RFLP method. Results: For Korean, there was a significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene mutation and risk of basal cell carcinoma development(Arg 399Gln(GA), p=0.012, OR=2.016, 95% CI; 1.230-3.305) /Arg399Gln (AA), p=0.011, OR=1.864, 95% CI; 1.149-3.026)). And, there was also significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and risk of skin squamous cell carcinoma development (Arg194Trp (CT+TT), p=0.041, OR=0.537, 95% CI; 0.301-0.960)). In contrast, there was no significant correlation between XRCC1 Arg280His and risk of either basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma development. Conclusions: Our result present that XRCC1 Arg399 Gln in basal cell carcinoma and XRCC1 Arg194Trp in squamous cell carcinoma have possibility of cancer risk and biomarker in Korean population. But XRCC1 Arg280 His known having cancer risk on other studies is not associated with cancer risk to squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma in Korean population.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.101-104
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• 2009

Purpose: Subungual squamous cell carcinoma is a very rare malignant tumor of the digitus especially in toe making it very difficult to differentiate with tinea unguium, verruca vulgaris, eczema, pyogenic granuloma, and malignant melanoma due to their clinical similarities. Therefore this article reports on subungual squamous cell carcinoma of left 5th toe. Methods: A patient visited at our hospital due to pain and incurable inflammation on left 5th toe with no improvement for four months. Despite of antibiotics and dressing for a week, treatment was ineffective. After excisional biopsy, he was diagnosed with subungual squamous cell carcinoma. And ray amputation and prophylactic inguinal lymph node dissection was done. Results: The biopsy was showed irregular cells made up of anaplastic and squamous cells in the dermis and epidermis. And the inguinal lymph node showed no metastatsis. The patient had been treated without significant complications and recurrence for a year. Conclusion: This article emphasizes the need of diagnostic biopsy on the subungual lesions that have resistance to the conventional treatments. And if that is subungual squamous cell carcinoma, complete resection of the lesion and prophylactic inguinal lymph node dissection is essential.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 1997

Odontogenic cysts are relatively common pathologic lesions found in the oral and perioral structures, but the case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from those cysts are very uncommon. After first reported of that case in 1889 by Herman, Schwimmer collected 56 cases of previously reported squamous cell carcinoma arising in residual odontogenic cyst during about past one century. More than 60% of cases of carcinoma developing in odontogenic cysts arising in inflammatory periapical or residual cyst, and these tumors are usually well-differentiated with relatively good prognosis, and often are diagnosed as benign lesion in radiographic or clinical examination, therefore definitive diagnosis must be made by histologic examintation. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 78-year old woman were clinically and radiographically diagnosed as residual odontogenic cyst. But in histologic examination after enucleation of lesion, mass of squamous cell carinoma were observed, but in other area, typical cyst wall and lining epithelium were observed. And in some area, carcinoma in situ and invading squamous cell carcinoma into the lining epithelium were also observed.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1997

A primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid is extremely rare disease. We evaluated this disease by fine needle aspiration cytology in a 43 year-old female. On physical examination, the thyroid was moderately enlarged and palpated with hard consistency. The cytologic aspirate revealed nests of squamous cells, malignant squame and thyroid follicular cells in the necrotic background. We diagnosed this tumor as squamous cell carcinoma with cytologic evidence. Surgically resected thyroid revealed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for antithyroglobulin proved that this tumor was primary in origin and clinical study confirmed this lesion to be of primary thyroid origin rather than metastasis or direct invasion from contiguous structures.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently, the role of serum tumor marker has been studied for an important issue on diagnosing and treating tumors in the head and neck region because tests using tumor markers need relatively simple procedures and are acceptable to patients, compared with other test methods. Tumor marker tests were performed on patients with squamous cell carcinoma, which were known to have the highest prevalence among tumors in the head and neck region. Association between each tumor marker, and diagnosis and prognosis of tumors was assessed. Materials and methods: Tumor marker tests were carried out on 31 patients who visited Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Dankook University Dental Hospital between January 2003 and August 2008 and who were diagnosed as primary oral squamous cell carcinoma through out histopathologic diagnosis. Blood sample from these patients was performed to measure tumor markers using nuclear medicine diagnostic equipment. Measured entries were as follows: PSA(prostate-specific antibody), SCCAg( Squamous Cell Carcinoma Related Antigen), CA 19-9(Cancer Antigen 19-9), Ferritin, $\alpha$- FP(Alpha-Fetoprotein), Cyfra 21-1, CA125 (Cancer Antigen 125) and p53. Results: Analyses on each tumor marker indicated that squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region had statistically significant correlation with p53, SCC-Ag(TA-4), Cyfra 21-1 and Ferritin. p53 demonstrated the highest sensitivity. Especially, 4 cases among 18 cases which Ferritin was measured exhibited metastasis. In all those 4 cases, Ferritin values were higher than the standards (15 - 332ng/ml). Therefore, Ferritin is considered to have a close relation with metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: This study shows that tumor marker tests are more useful in evaluating progression and prognosis of tumors rather than in diagnosing them. Particularly, serum Ferritin is considered to be beneficial in assessing metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region and in developing treatment plans based on the assessment.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 2006

Oral leukoplakia is the most common premalignant lesion and malignant transformation has been reported from verrucal lekoplakia. Homogenous, benign leukoplakia develops into a line of squamous cell carcinoma such as verrrucous carcinoma, papillary squamous cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Early diagnosis and intervention of premalignant leukoplakia is up-most important to prevent transformation into a oral squamous cell carcinoma. Any change in surface, size and color warrants repeated biopsy. If verrucous carcinoma is evidently derived from the previous leukoplakia, wide surgical excision and periodic follow up is needed. Surgically removed lesion of leukoplakia has the tendency to recur. Follow-up is very important to patient and clinician. Although many therapies have been reported to oral leukoplakia and verrucal carcinoma, accepted treatment principle is not exist so far. But surgical removal is recommended as the treatment of choice.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.225-228
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• 1994

Squamous carcinomas of the thyroid gland are extremely rare, and its clinical course is very aggressive. It has poor prognosis, similar to that of anaplastic carcinoma. These tumors are radioresistant and often rapidly fatal. It is considered to originate from the follicular epithelium at present. Recently, authors had experienced 63-years old female patient, proved to be primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. We report this patient with a review of a literature.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.543-546
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• 2001

Primary intraosseous carcinoma(PIOC) is defined as a squamous cell carcinoma arising within the jaw, having no initial connection with the oral mucosa. The squamous cell carcinoma within the bone can be presumably developed from residues of the odontogenic epithelium, therefore, it is seen in the jaw only. Metastatic carcinoma from another primary site should be excluded in the diagnosis of Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma. This is a case of 62-year-old man, who initially diagnosed as odontogenic cyst on maxilla, but its pathologic examination was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma with odontogenic cyst. We treated this patient with partial maxillectomy, modified radical neck dissection(mRND), and postoperative radiation therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.2273-2276
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• 2013

Objectives: This study employed proteomic profiling to identify specific tumor markers that might improve early diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Serum samples were isolated from 30 patients with stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma and 30 age-and gender-matched healthy controls, and proteomic profiles were obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Results: Three highly expressed potential tumor markers were identified in the sera of stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma patients, with molecular weights of 3261.69, 3192.07, and 2556.92 Da. One protein peak with molecular weight 3261.69 Da was chosen as the candidate biomarker and identified as a fibrinogen alpha chain through a search of the IPI, NCBI or SWISS-PROT protein databases. Conclusion: As a potential tumor biomarker, fibrinogen alpha chain may be applicable for the early diagnosis and prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.