• Mycobiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.74-77
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• 2010

To obtain basic information on the detection of cellulolytic activity in Auricularia auricula-judae, the influences of dye reagent, pH, and temperature were assessed. Chromogenic dye (congo red, phenol red, remazol brilliant blue, and trypan blue) was individually incorporated into a medium containing either carboxymethyl-cellulose, Avicel, or D-cellobiose as a polysaccharide carbon substrate. The other assessments utilized pHs ranging from 4.5 to 8.0 and temperatures from $15\sim35^{\circ}C$. Overall, when A. auricula-judae species were transferred onto media contained Congo red and adjusted pH 7.0 and then incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days, the clear zone indicative of cellulolytic activity was more pronounced.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

This study concerns the characteristics of helical flow in a concentric and eccentric annulus with a diameter ratio of 0.52 and 0.9, whose outer cylinders are stationary and inner ones are rotating. Pressure losses and skin friction coefficients have been measured for fully developed flows of water and 0.2% aqueous of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), respectively, when the inner cylinder rotates at the speed of 0-500 rpm. The effect of rotation on the skin friction is significantly dependent on the flow regime. In all flow regimes, the skin friction coefficient is increased by the inner cylinder rotation. The change of skin friction coefficient corresponding to the variation of rotating speed is large for the laminar flow regime, whereas it becomes smaller as Re increases for the transitional flow regime and, then, it gradually approach to zero for the turbulent flow regime.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2007

This study introduces a new approach to a falling ball viscometer by using a high speed motion camera to measure the viscosity of both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids from the velocity-time data. This method involves capturing continuous photographs of the entire falling motion of the ball as the ball accelerates from the rest to the terminal velocity state. The velocity of a falling ball was determined from the distance traversed by the ball by examining video tape frame by frame using the marked graduations on the surface of the cylinder. Each frame was pre-set at 0.01. Glycerin 74% was used for Newtonian solution, while aqueous solutions of Polyacrylamide and Carboxymethyl Cellulose were for non-Newtonian solutions. The experimental viscosity data were in good agreements with the results obtained from a rotating Brookfield viscometer.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.153-158
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• 2003

This study concerns the characteristics of helical flow in a concentric annulus with a diameter ratio of 0.52 and 0.9, whose outer cylinders are stationary and inner ones are rotating. Pressure losses and skin friction coefficients have been measured for fully developed flows of water and 0.2％ aqueous of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC), respectively, when the inner cylinder rotates at the speed of 0∼500rpm. The effect of rotation on the skin friction is significantly dependent on the flow regime. In all flow regimes, the skin friction coefficient is increased by the inner cylinder rotation. The change of skin friction coefficient corresponding to the variation of rotating speed is large for the laminar flow regime, whereas it becomes smaller as Re increases for the transitional flow regime and, then, it gradually approach to zero for the turbulent flow regime.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.575-580
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• 1998

Cellulase production by batch culture using the Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 strain with various concentrations of Solka Floc with 1 % wheat bran was studied in a 2.5 I fermenter. The cellulase activity increased with Solka Floc concentration up to 5%. When 5% Solka Floc and 1% wheat bran were contained in the medium, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and filter paper (FP) activities were 232.4 U/$m\ell$ and 21.25 U/$m\ell$, respectively. The productivity was 143.6 FPU $1^{-l}h^{-1}$ and the yield was 425 FPU/g. The colonial morphology of T. reesei Rut C30 grown on Avicel agar plates and the changes in mycelial morphology of T. reesei Rut C30 with culture time are also presented.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2003

A 1,3 kb cellulase gene encoding novel bifunctional cellulase-chitosanase activity was cloned from biopolymer-producing alkali-tolerant B. lichenformis NBL420 in E. coli. A recombinant cellulase-chitosanase, named CelA, was expressed and purified to homogeneity. The activity staining and the enzymatic characterization of the purified CeIA revealed bifunctional activities on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and glycol-chitosan. The similar characteristics of the enzymatic activities at the optimum pH, optimum temperature, and thermostability Indicated that CelA used a common catalytic domain with relaxed substrate specificity. A comparison of the deduced amino acids in the N-terminal region revealed that the mature CelA had a high homology with the previously identified bifunctional cellulase-chitosanase of Myxobacter sp. AL- 1.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 1999

Cellulase production by fed-batch cultivation of Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 with various initial concentrations of Solka Floc in 1 % wheat bran-containing medium was investigated. The cellulase activity and productivity increased with initial Solka Floc concentration up to 5%. When a total Solka Floc concentration of 90 g/l was used for cellulase production, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) and FP (filter paper) activities, productivity, and yield were 359.7 U/ml, 30.61 U/ml, 161 FPU $L^{-1}$ $h^{-1}$, and 340 FPU $g^{-1}$, respectively. It was important to maintain a high cell concentration during cellulase production to obtain high cellulase activity and productivity. Cellulase powder was prepared by ammonium sulfate precipitation: FP activity was 396.7 U/g and CMC activity was 6481 U/g.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.243-248
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• 1995

Agrochemicals for the plant-disease control are criticized severely for causing environmental pollution and residual problems, and consequently microbial disease control agents are expected to be safer and more economical for sustainable agriculture. Treatment of biological control agents to seed requires the use of effective delivery systems that allow full expression of the benefical qualities of the bioprotectant. For the activation and establishment of bioprotectant around the plant seed which are able protect the seeds and seedlings from pathogen attack, the optimal liquid coating formulation was obtained using 2% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (binder), 20% sesame dregs (solid particulate material), and dried spore of Bacillus subtilis YBL-7 (bioprotectants, 10 mg/g of seed). Suppressive of root rot was demonstrated in pot trials with coated kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds. Coated seeds with B. subtilis YBL-7 spore in F. solani-infested soil reduced disease incidence by 85% to 90% after 30 days.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.346-351
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• 1987

Clostridium thermocellum의 cellulase 유전자를 pBR322를 이용하여 Escherichia coli에 cloning하였다. 삽입된 Hind III 분해 DNA 단편의 크기는 약 1. 8kb였으며 이미 알려진 C. themocellum의 cellulase gene과는 다른 제한효소 분해위치를 가진 새로운 cellulase gene으로서 E, coli에서 CMCase와 FPase 활성을 나타내었다. 이 유전자는 생육의 전시기를 통해 표현되었고 고온성 cellulase의 구조적, 기능적 특성이 그대로 유지되었을 뿐만 아니라 상당량이 세포밖으로 분비되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 1989

$\beta$-1, 4-endoglucanase (EC 3, 2, 1, 4) was isolated and purified from Nicotiana tabaccum L. Var. Virginia 115 suspensin cultured cells. The molecular weight as estimated by Sephadex G-100 was about 14, 000. The optimum pH for activity was 5.4. The Km value for carboxymethyl cellulose was 0.18 mg/unit and the enzyme was quite resistant to heating. Polyamine did not affect the activity of $\beta$-1, 4-endoglucanase in vitro but the activity increased drastically when polyamines were added in the suspension culture medium. It is suggested that increase in $\beta$-1, 4-endoglucenase activity due to polyamine might be related to growth of the plant.