• Carbon letters
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-107
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• 2008

In this work, we employed an electroless nickel plating on glass fibers in order to enhance the electric conductivity of fibers. And the effects of metal content and plating time on the conductivity of fibers were investigated. From the results, island-like metal clusters were found on the fiber surfaces in initial plating state, and perfect metallic layers were observed after 10 min of plating time. The thickness of metallic layers on fiber surfaces was proportion to plating time, and the electric conductivity showed similar trends. The nickel cluster sizes on fibers decreased with increasing plating time, indicating that surface energetics of the fibers could become more homogeneous and make well-packed metallic layers, resulting in the high conductivity of Ni/glass fibers.

• Carbon letters
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2013

In this work, the effect of catalysts on the mechanical properties of carbon fibers-reinforced epoxy matrix composites cured by cationic latent thermal catalysts, i.e., N-benzylpyrazinium hexafluoroantimonate (BPH) was studied. Differential scanning calorimetry was executed for thermal characterization of the epoxy matrix system. Mechanical interfacial properties of the composites were studied by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), critical stress intensity factor ($K_{IC}$), and specific fracture energy ($G_{IC}$). As a result, the conversion of neat epoxy matrix cured by BPH was higher than that of one cured by diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM). The ILSS, $K_{IC}$, $G_{IC}$, and impact strength of the composites cured by BPH were also superior to those of the composites cured by DDM. This was probably the consequence of the effect of the substituted benzene group of BPH catalyst, resulting in an increase in the cross-link density and structural stability of the composites studied.

• Carbon letters
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2008

High modulus pitch based carbon fibers (HM) were exposed to isothermal oxidation using tube furnace in carbon dioxide gas to study the oxidation kinetics under the temperature of $800-1100^{\circ}C$. The kinetic equation $f=1-{\exp}(-at^b)$ was introduced and the constant b was obtained in the range of 1.02~1.42. The oxidation kinetics were evaluated by the reaction-controlling regime (RCR) depending upon the apparent activation energies with the conversion increasing from 0.2 to 0.8. The activation energies decrease from 24.7 to 21.0 kcal/mole with the conversion increasing from 0.2 to 0.8, respectively. According to the RCR, the reaction was limited by more diffusion controlling regime for the HM fibers with the conversion increasing. Therefore, it seems that the oxidation which is under the diffusion controlling regime takes place continuously from the skin to the core of the fiber.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1999

Poly(arylene ether phosphine oxide)(PEPO)로 코팅된 탄소섬유의 계면접착력을 microdroplet 시험으로 측정하였으며, 이 결과를 poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PES), Udel$^{\circledR}$ P-1700 and Ultem$^{\circledR}$ 1000으로 코팅된 탄소섬유의 결과와 비교하였다. 또한 코팅에 사용된 고분자와 탄소섬유와의 계면접착력을 탄소섬유와 고분자의 접착 메카니즘을 규명하기 위하여 측정하였다. PEPO로 코팅된 탄소섬유가 가장 높은 계면접착력을 보였으며, Udel, PES 그리고 Ultem 고분자 코팅 순으로 감소하였다. 고분자와 탄소섬유의 계면접착력 또한 비슷한 경향을 보였다. SEM 분석결과 PEPO로 코팅된 탄소섬유에서는 비닐에스터 수지 내에서 파괴가 일어난 것으로 보여지나, 다른 고분자로 코팅된 탄소섬유에서는 계면 또는 계면에서 가까운 곳에서 파괴가 일어난 것으로 판단된다. PEPO 코팅에 의한 계면접착력 향상은 PEPO내에 존재하는 P=O 때문으로 사료된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.702-707
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• 2013

High-quality ${\beta}$-silicon carbide (SiC) coatings are expected to prevent the oxidation degradation of carbon fibers in carbon fiber/silicon carbide (C/SiC) composites at high temperature. Uniform and dense ${\beta}$-SiC coatings were deposited on carbon fibers by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LP-CVD) using silane ($SiH_4$) and acetylene ($C_2H_2$) as source gases which were carried by hydrogen gas. SiC coating layers with nanometer scale microstructures were obtained by optimization of the processing parameters considering deposition mechanisms. The thickness and morphology of ${\beta}$-SiC coatings can be controlled by adjustment of the amount of source gas flow, the mean velocity of the gas flow, and deposition time. XRD and FE-SEM analyses showed that dense and crack-free ${\beta}$-SiC coating layers are crystallized in ${\beta}$-SiC structure with a thickness of around 2 micrometers depending on the processing parameters. The fine and dense microstructures with micrometer level thickness of the SiC coating layers are anticipated to effectively protect carbon fibers against the oxidation at high-temperatures.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1016-1021
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• 1999

활상탄소섬유는 입상 활성탄에 비해 빠른 흡 · 탈착 속도와 높은 흡착량을 갖기 때문에 흡착재, 촉매, 분자체와 같은 환경 신소재로서 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 안정화 PAN계 탄소섬유를 수증기와 CO2를 이용한 물리적 활성화에 의해 여러 등급의 활성탄소섬유를 제조하였고, 비표면적, 요오드 흡착량, 세공구조 등을 측정하였다. 수증기 활성화에서 77%의 burn-off에서 비표면적이 1019 m2/g을 나타내었고, 반면에 CO2 활성화에서는 52%의 burn-off에서 7168m2/g의 비표면적을 갖는 활성탄소섬유가 제조되었다 그러나, 비슷한 burn-off에서는 CO2로 활성화한 경우에서 세공용적이 0.37 cc/g이고, 요오드 흡착량이 1589 mg/g으로서 수증기 활성화보다 더 큰 세공용적과 요오드 흡착량을 나타내었다. 또한 제조된 활성탄소섬유의 질소 흡착등온선들은 Brunaner-Deming-Deming-Teller의 분류에 따르면 모두 type I으로 주로 미세공들로 이루어져 있음을 알 수가 있었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.312-317
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 새집증후군 원인가스 중 하나인 벤젠 가스 흡착특성을 향상시키기 위하여 활성탄소섬유에 함산소불소화 처리를 실시하였다. 함산소불소화 처리된 활성탄소섬유 표면특성 및 기공특성은 X-선광전자분광기(XPS)와 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 분석을 통해 확인하였으며, 벤젠 가스 흡착 특성은 가스크로마토그래피(GC)로 평가하였다. XPS 결과로부터 불소분압이 증가함에 따라 활성탄소섬유 표면의 불소관능기가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 함산소불소화 처리 후 모든 샘플의 비표면적은 감소하였으나, 불소 분압이 0.1 bar일 때 그 미세기공 부피비가 증가하였다. 함산소불소화 처리된 활성탄소섬유는 11 h 동안 100 ppm의 벤젠 가스를 모두 흡착하였으며, 이는 미처리 활성탄소섬유와 비교하여 벤젠 가스 흡착효율이 약 2배 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Composites Research
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 양극산화 처리에 따른 고강도 PAN계 탄소섬유의 표면 특성 변화가 기계적 계면 물성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 탄소섬유의 표면성질은 산.염기도, SEM, XPS, 그리고 접촉각 측정을 통하여 알아보았으며, 복합재료의 기계적 계면 특성은 ILSS와 $K_{IC}$를 통하여 고찰하였다. 탄소섬유 표면의 산도와 $O_{ls}/C_{IC}$가 증가하였는데, 이는 산소관능기의 발달에 기인하고, 양극산화된 탄소섬유의 표면자유에너지의 증가는 극성요소의 증가에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다. ILSS와 $K_{IC}$ 같은 기계적 계면 성질은 양극산화로 향상되어졌는데, 이러한 결과는 좋은 젖음성이 최종 복합재료의 섬유와 에폭시 수지 매트릭스 사이의 계면결합력을 증가시기는 중요한 역할을 하기 때문으로 사료된다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2008

In this paper we report on the electrical properties of carbon fiber which is an attractive material for strain gauges and can also be applied to resonating micro sensors. The carbon fibers used in this research was manufactured from polyactylonitrile (PAN). The fabricated carbon fibers had about $10\;{\mu}m$ in length and several centimeters in length. We employed a micro structure to measure electrical properties of the carbon fiber. The measured electrical resistivity of the carbon fibers were about $3{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ A gauge factor of the carbon fiber is also observed with the same system and it was about 400, depending on the structure of the carbon fiber. For the sensor applications of the carbon fiber, it is selectively placed between the gap of Al electrodes using a dielectrophoresis method. When the carbon fiber is resonated by a piezoelectric ceramic, resistance change at a variety of resonance mode was observed through an electrical system.

• Carbon letters
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2003

Two types of carbon fiber based high modulus- and isotropic-pitch were exposed to isothermal oxidation in air and $CO_2$ gas and the weight change was measured by TGA apparatus. The kinetic equation was introduced $f=1-{\exp}(-at^b)$ and the constant b was obtained in the range of 1.02~1.68 for the isotropic fiber and obtained 0.91~1.93 for the high modulus fiber respectively. In considering the effect of the atmosphere for isothermal oxidation, the value of the constant b obtained in the carbon dioxide was higher than that obtained in the air. Therefore, it was found that the pitch based carbon fiber shows sigmoidal characteristic when it is oxidized in the carbon dioxide. In addition, it was also found that $k_f = 0.5$, which was reaction constant at f = 0.5, was a very useful parameter for evaluation of the oxidation reactivity of pitch based carbon fibers. According to the consideration, it is suggested that the conversion-time curves of the pitch based carbon fibers are correlated by normalized equation $f=1-{\exp}(-A{\tau}^B)$, where ${\tau}=t/t_f= 0.5$.