• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 2003

Spatiotemporal moving objects are changing their Positions and/or shape over time in real world. As most of the indices of moving object are based on the R-tree. they have defects of the R-tree which are dead space and overlap. Some of the indices amplify the defects of the R-tree. In the paper, to solve the problems, we propose the MPR-tree(Moving Point R-tree) using Projection operation which has more effective search than existing moving point indices on time slice query and spatiotemporal range query. The MPR-tree connects positions of the same moving objects over time by using linked list, so it processes the combined query about trajectory effectively. The usefulness of the Projection operation is confirmed during processing moving object queries and in practical use of space from experimentation to compare MPR-tree with existing indices of moving objects. The proposed MPR-tree would be useful in the LBS, the car management using GPS, and the navigation system.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.617-624
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• 2017

Speech recognition is now one of the most widely used technologies in HCI. Many applications where speech recognition may be used (such as home automation, automatic speech translation, and car navigation) are now under active development. In addition, the demand for speech recognition systems in mobile environments is rapidly increasing. This paper is intended to present a method for instant recognition of the Korean vowel 'ㅡ', as a part of a Korean speech recognition system. The proposed method uses bulk indicators (which are calculated in the time domain) instead of the frequency domain and consequently, the computational cost for the recognition can be reduced. The bulk indicators representing predominant sequence patterns of the vowel 'ㅡ' are learned by neural networks and final recognition decisions are made by those trained neural networks. The results of the experiment show that the proposed method can achieve 88.7% recognition accuracy, and recognition speed of 0.74 msec per syllable.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.9 s.351
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• pp.128-134
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• 2006

Traffic information protocol in DMB is very different from existing analog broadcasting and wireless communication network. In this paper, we examined whether traffic information protocol of Europe Broadcasting Union(TPEG) is applicable to domestic DMB. Also, we proposed a division of classification on kinds of franc information, and related data that it is required to transmit traffic information of TPEG form. We composed of experiment equipment and studied whether is expressed traffic informations as like accident, event, traffic condition and CCTV image on car navigation system. The results obtained it can be given expression to phrases from TPEG streaming data and to link with electronics map by decoding TPEG straming data. Also it can be expressed CCTV and graphic image which is composed of TPEG form.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.13 no.3 s.33
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• pp.59-67
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• 2005

Building information is primary source in many applications such as mapping, telecommunication, car navigation and virtual city modeling. While aerial CCD images which are captured by passive sensor(digital camera) provide horizontal positioning in high accuracy, it is far difficult to process them in automatic fashion due to their inherent properties such as perspective projection and occlusion. On the other hand, LIDAR system offers 3D information about each surface rapidly and accurately in the form of irregularly distributed point clouds. Contrary to the optical images, it is much difficult to obtain semantic information such as building boundary and object segmentation. Photogrammetry and LIDAR have their own major advantages and drawbacks for reconstructing earth surfaces. The purpose of this investigation is to automatically obtain spatial information of 3D buildings by fusing LIDAR data with aerial CCD image. The experimental results show that most of the complex buildings are efficiently extracted by the proposed method and signalize that fusing LIDAR data and aerial CCD image improves feasibility of the automatic detection and extraction of buildings in automatic fashion.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.515-523
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate users' intuitive stereotypes on non-touch gestures and establish the gesture dictionary that can be applied to gesture-based interaction designs. Background: Recently, the interaction based on non-touch gestures is emerging as an alternative for natural interactions between human and systems. However, in order for non-touch gestures to become a universe interaction method, the studies on what kinds of gestures are intuitive and effective should be prerequisite. Method: In this study, as applicable domains of non-touch gestures, four devices(i.e. TV, Audio, Computer, Car Navigation) and sixteen basic operations(i.e. power on/off, previous/next page, volume up/down, list up/down, zoom in/out, play, cancel, delete, search, mute, save) were drawn from both focus group interview and survey. Then, a user participatory design was performed. The participants were requested to design three gestures suitable to each operation in the devices, and they evaluated intuitiveness, memorability, convenience, and satisfaction of their derived gestures. Through the participatory design, agreement scores, frequencies and planning times of each distinguished gesture were measured. Results: The derived gestures were not different in terms of four devices. However, diverse but common gestures were derived in terms of kinds of operations. In special, manipulative gestures were suitable for all kinds of operations. On the contrary, semantic or descriptive gestures were proper to one-shot operations like power on/off, play, cancel or search. Conclusion: The touchless gesture dictionary was established by mapping intuitive and valuable gestures onto each operation. Application: The dictionary can be applied to interaction designs based on non-touch gestures. Moreover, it will be used as a basic reference for standardizing non-touch gestures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.293-299
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• 2003

In the future, the design of road should be convenient in using of high-technology information and it needs the design of alignment that is able to make the maximum vehicles inducement function appropriated for CNS(Car Navigation System). So it needs to analysis appropriately the alignment of road for the improvement design of road which is established and to make the design of road and the coordinate of the main points. Therefore, this research had acquired the road data by RTK-GPS to accurate the analysis of road alignment and compared with Total Station. As the result, we could acquire the design source of the road alignment using RTK-GPS. Also, it was estimated the accuracy after comparing the design with RTK-GPS coordinates. We made an analysis of the degree of slant or the ups and downs of surface. We made an analysis of three dimensional visual information which was included in GSIS concept and estimated the accuracy. Finally, we analyzed the earth volume calculation by comparing with Total Station.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.2745-2752
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• 2014

In recent years, Transport Demand Management has been conducted for the efficient management of transport. In ITS applications in particular, the prerequisite is accurate and reliable positioning. However, the major problems are satellite signal outage, and multipath. This paper proposes that outage and multipath measurement can be detected and estimated using elevation angle and signal to noise ratio data association relation in stand-alone GPS. In order to verify the performance of the proposed method, it is then evaluated by the car test. the evaluation test environment has low accuracy and unreliable positioning because of signal outage or multipath such as steep hill and high buildings. In the evaluation test result, 918times abnormal signal occurred and it was confirmed that the proposed method showed more improved 9.48m(RMS) horizontal positioning error than without proposed method.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1-31
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• 2017

Modern businesses are adopting new technologies to serve their markets better as well as to improve efficiency and productivity. The advertising industry has continuously experienced disruptions from the traditional channels (radio, television and print media) to new complex ones including internet, social media and mobile-based advertising. This case study focuses on proposing intelligent advertising business model in Seoul's metro network. Seoul has one of the world's busiest metro network and transports a huge number of travelers on a daily basis. The high number of travelers coupled with a well-planned metro network creates a platform where marketers can initiate engagement and interact with both customers and potential customers. In the current advertising model, advertising is on illuminated and framed posters in the stations and in-car, non-illuminated posters, and digital screens that show scheduled arrivals and departures of metros. Some stations have digital screens that show adverts but they do not have location capability. Most of the current advertising media have one key limitation: space. For posters whether illuminated or not, one space can host only one advert at a time. Empirical literatures show that there is room for improving this advertising model and eliminate the space limitation by replacing the poster adverts with digital advertising platform. This new model will not only be digital, but will also provide intelligent advertising platform that is driven by data. The digital platform will incorporate location sensing, e-commerce, and mobile platform to create new value to all stakeholders. Travel cards used in the metro will be registered and the card scanners will have a capability to capture traveler's data when travelers tap their cards. This data once analyzed will make it possible to identify different customer groups. Advertisers and marketers will then be able to target specific customer groups, customize adverts based on the targeted consumer group, and offer a wide variety of advertising formats. Format includes video, cinemagraphs, moving pictures, and animation. Different advert formats create different emotions in the customer's mind and the goal should be to use format or combination of formats that arouse the expected emotion and lead to an engagement. Combination of different formats will be more effective and this can only work in a digital platform. Adverts will be location based, ensuring that adverts will show more frequently when the metro is near the premises of an advertiser. The advertising platform will automatically detect the next station and screens inside the metro will prioritize adverts in the station where the metro will be stopping. In the mobile platform, customers who opt to receive notifications will receive them when they approach the business premises of advertiser. The mobile platform will have indoor navigation for the underground shopping malls that will allow customers to search for facilities within the mall, products they may want to buy as well as deals going on in the underground mall. To create an end-to-end solution, the mobile solution will have a capability to allow customers purchase products through their phones, get coupons for deals, and review products and shops where they have bought a product. The indoor navigation will host intelligent mobile-based advertisement and a recommendation system. The indoor navigation will have adverts such that when a customer is searching for information, the recommendation system shows adverts that are near the place traveler is searching or in the direction that the traveler is moving. These adverts will be linked to the e-commerce platform such that if a customer clicks on an advert, it leads them to the product description page. The whole system will have multi-language as well as text-to-speech capability such that both locals and tourists have no language barrier. The implications of implementing this model are varied including support for small and medium businesses operating in the underground malls, improved customer experience, new job opportunities, additional revenue to business model operator, and flexibility in advertising. The new value created will benefit all the stakeholders.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2002

Recently software industry in GIS(geographic information system) becomes an interesting issue by performing a large scale of national GIS application development as well as even small unit of FMS(facility management system). Also, there exist many cases to combine GIS with various business domains such as MIS(marketing information system), CNS(car navigation system) and ITS(intelligent transportation system). In this situation, in order to develop an efficient and useful GIS application for a short term, there must be a deep consideration of not only developing GIS component but also managing GIS component. In fact, even though there exist many certain components having high reusability, excellent interoperability and good quality, their reusability may be reduced because of their difficulty to access in a certain repository. Therefore, it is important to classify components having common characteristic based on their particular rule with reflecting their functionality and non-functionality before cataloging them. Here, there are two non-functional classification categories discussed such as GIS content-dependent metadata and GIS content-independent metadata. This cataloged components will help application developers to select easily their desired components. Moreover, new components may be easily producted by modifying and combining previous components. Finally, the original goal of all this effort can be defined through obtaining high reusability and interoperability of GIS component.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

Based on the previous studies on alcohol effects on human behavior and performance in transportation system such as airplane and car driving, the alcohol exposure before and on watch of a ship has a great influence on subsequent behavior. In this paper, to examine the drinking status of officers on board multiple choice questionnaires are circularized under instruction and surveyed for 118 officers. According to the results of the questionnaire survey on alcohol dependance (Alcoholism) that was invested by WHO, over 27% of those surveyed represented alcohol abuse symptoms. In addition to that, the existing state and awareness for on-board-drinking was summarized to make a scenario of drunk-operation with a ship handling simulator to investigate the effect of alcohol (0.08 g% blood alcohol concentrations) on ship operational performance. A main effect for alcohol was found indicating that ship operational performance was comparatively impaired by this alcohol relative to performance in the non-alcohol condition. The results of this research can be applied to minimize marine acciedents as basic data.