• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.239-245
• /
• 2023

Cellulose is an abundant biodegradable material in nature with excellent properties, but due to its poor processability, it has been widely studied for processing through modification. Cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) is a cellulose derivative in which the hydroxyl group of cellulose is replaced by acetyl and propionyl groups. CAP has several advantages, such as excellent solubility, structural stability, light and weather resistance, and good transparency. Porous nanofibers with excellent specific surface area, which can be applied in various fields, can be easily formed by the phase separation method using highly volatile solvents. High speed centrifugal spinning is a nano/micro fiber preparation method with advantages such as fast spinning and easy alignment control. In this study, a CAP/polybutylene succinate (PBS) spinning solution with chloroform as solvent was prepared to prepare porous microfibers and the fiber morphology was examined as a function of the disk rotation speed in an high speed centrifugal spinning device.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.61-65
• /
• 2019

이방성 입자는 독특한 물리적 특성 때문에 다양한 분야에서 발표되고 있다. 여기서, 이방성 도토리구조 나노 입자를 제조하기 위해 새로운 동적 상분리 방법이 도입된다. 동적 상분리 방법은 용제 증발 및 무용제에 의한 침전으로 구성된다. 하부층은 비용매 희석제로서 물을 공급함으로써 제어되며, 상부층의 상분리는 휘발성 용매의 확산 및 증발에 의존한다. 이 상태에서, 도토리 형 입자가 제조되었다. 물이 채워진 밀폐된 상자(자발적 상분리)하에서, 단분산 폴리스틸렌 입자가 합성되었다. 동적 상분리와 자발적 상분리가 공존할 때, 캡과 입자의 크기가 변경되었다. 또한, 폴리스틸렌 용액의 부피는 입자 형상에 영향을 미친다. 독특한 구조가 다양한 응용 분야에 활용될 수 있기 때문에 멤브레인 기반의 제어된 물 공급과 같은 첨단 기술이 개발되면 단분산의 도토리와 같은 입자가 제조될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.253-258
• /
• 1997

The nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA genes of seven corticioid species were sequenced. These sequences were analyzed and compared with those of 24 other species of the order Aphyllophorales and phylogenetic trees were constructed using parsimonious methods. Phylogenetic analyses showed that two species among examined members of the Corticiaceae, Resinicium bicolor and Thanatephorus praticola, are located distantly from the remaining six species. The separation of R. bicolor seems to be kphylogenetically significant because it has very unique cystidia. The independent lineage of T. practicola suggests that it is also phylogenetically distinct because it has unusual features like the homobasidium producing secondary spores and the spetal ultrastructure of pore cap. Furthermore, Auriscalpium vulgare, Bondarzewia berkeleyi, and Heterobasidion annosum from different families of the Aphyllophorales proved to be closely related to the species of the Corticiaceae. They all have amyloid spores and grouped with Aleyrodiscus amorphus, which is a member of the Corticiaceae. The amyloidity of spores seems to be an improtant character throughout the order of the Aphyllophorales.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 1998

Aerenchyma development in rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots is quite important for adaptation to waterlogged or reduced soil conditions. Anatomical observations were carried out to clarify the development of schizogenous and lysigenous aerenchyma in elongating crown roots of rice. The crown roots of 3rd and 4th phytomer were taken from rice plants of the 8th leaf stage grown by hydroponic culture. The schizogenous intercellular spaces in the cortex of crown root tip were observed using a light microscope with semi ultra-thin sections and the lysigenous aerenchyma in mature tissue of crown root were observed using a cryo scanning electron microscope (cryo-SEM) with freezing fracture method. The schizogenous intercellular spaces in the root tip exist obviously in the middle portion of cortical cell layers close to the root-root cap junction, but not in root cap, stele and outer cell layers of cortex. The air spaces were formed at the junction of four neighbouring cells of inner cortex in the transverse sections, and between longitudinal cell layer connected along the root axis. Although many of those spaces were filled with liquid, some spaces seem to exist as air spaces. The lysigenous aerenchyma in the cortex, which hardly filled with liquid, emerged at 3-4 cm segment from the root tip and increased toward the basal region of root axis. The developing process of lysigenous aerenchyma was primarily separation of a radial row of cells caused by the shrinking and collapsing of cortical cells and then formation of septa along the radial cell rows by the fusion of cell wall with each other. These results suggest that the schizogenous and lysigenous aerenchyma playa role as a passage for the movement of oxygen into the root tip region where oxygen is required for respiration.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 2000

미분화된 엽상체 및 연결사와 뿌리로만 구성되어 있는 개구리밥(Spiroela polyrhiza)식물체의 구조분화 양상이 연구되었다. 엽상체는 엽육세포 내에 발달하여 있는 다수의 엽록체와 않은 막으로 구획화된 기실이 잘 발달되어 있어 광합성 및 부유에 중요한 역할을 하고, 측부로 발달하는 연결사에는 기실이 형성되어 있지 많으며 탈리층을 형성하여 모엽상체와 자엽상체를 분리시킨다. 뿌리는 흡수 및 식물체의 중심을 잡는데 중요한 역할을 하며, 근단부위에는 액포화된 근관세포층이 뚜렷히 발달하여 있다. 뿌리의 피층에는 원주형 기실이 형성되어 있으며 피층세포 내에는 잘 발달된 골지체, 미토콘드리아, rER등의 세포소기관들이 치밀하게 분포하였다. 엽상체, 연결사, 뿌리세포에는 엽록체가 발달하며 다수의 원형질 연락사가 분포하였다. 개구리밥은 10mm내외의 매우 축소된 식물체를 구성하나 효율적으로 잘 발달된 구조 분화체계를 이룬다. 이러한 구조는 수표면에 부유하여 빠르게 생장 및 증식하는 작은 식물체 크기와 이들의 괌은 생활환과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.401-406
• /
• 1999

미량의 카드뮴을 KSCN용액에서 착이온을 생성시키고,4차아민염을 유기용매인 MIBK에 녹여서 카드뮴을 추출 분리시키는 실험을 수행하였다. 추출용기로 분액깔대기 대신 나사식 마개가 있는 시험관과 비중이 물보다 작은 희석제를 사용하여 상분리를 하지 않고 신속하게 분석할 수 있었고, 분석시 방해가 거의 없고,선택성이 높으며, 22배의 농축효과를 나타냈다. 검출한계가 0.7 ppb로 극미량의 카드뮴도 용이하게 분석할 수 있었고, 제안된 분석법을 혈청 중의 카드뮴 분석에 적용한 결과, 종래의 trichloroacetic acid법과 비교하여 표준편차가 2.8이하로 재현성이 높았으며, 극미량의 카드뮴을 불꽃 원자흡수분광법으로 정량 가능하였다. 유기층으로 추출된 카드뮴착염은 장시간 안정하였고, 또한 추출 메커니즘을 규명하몄다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.3199-3210
• /
• 1996

The buckling and postbuckling behaviors were sutdied analytically and experimentally for stiffened laminated composite panels under compression loading. The panels with I-, blade, -and hat-shapeed stiffeners were investigated. In the analysis, the stiffened panels were anlyzed using the nonlinear finite element method combined with an improved arc-length method. The progressive failure analysis was done by adopting the maximum stress criterion and complete unloading failure model. The effects of the fiber angles were investigated on the buckling and postbuckling behaviors. In the experiment, the web and the lower cap of each stiffener were formed by the continuous lay-up of the skin for cocuring the stiffened panels. Therefore, the separation between stiffener and skin was not found in the junction part even after postbuckling ultimate load and the stiffened panels had excellent postbuckling load carrying capacity. A shadow moire thchnique was used to monitor the out-of-plane deformations of the panels. The piezoelectric films were attached to the panels to get the failure characteristics of the panel. The analytical results on the buckling load, postbuckling ultimate load, and failure pattern showed good agreement with the experimental results.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.40-59
• /
• 2005

The objective of this paper is to examine what impact the newly introduced Purchasing Price Reimbursement System, where insurance drugs are reimbursed at the prices as they were purchased by medical care providers under the maximum allowable cap, has upon the health insurer's financing situation. The impact of the Purchasing Price Reimbursement System is considered to be confined mainly to the inpatient department among three drug reimbursement fields such as inpatient department, out-patient department and pharmacy. Hypothesis was set and tested in this study for each of three components of inpatient drug reimbursement in health insurance, i.e. average price level, composition of drugs and their overall volume. Drug price level calculated in this study from 403 selected reimbursement drugs according to the Laspayres methodology revealed faster decline under the new Purchasing Price Reimbursement System than previously by $1.53\%$ on the annual average basis. However, additional 1.4 percent financial burden in the ratio of the total inpatient reimbursement was owed by the health insurer. This was analysed to be a combined result of both 2.0-3.1 percent of reduced reimbursement due to drug price decline and 3.4-4.5 percent of additional reimbursement due to drug volume increase. These results suggest that recalling the Purchasing Price Reimbursement System would not have so much impact upon the health insurer's financial situation given that the current compulsory separation between doctor's prescribing and pharmacist's dispensing is irrevocable.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2001년도 추계종합학술대회
• /
• pp.660-664
• /
• 2001

$Zn_xSr_{1-x}S$ 박막을 sputtering법에 의해 제작하여 결정구조, 결합상태, 광학적 특성 등의 분석에 의해 고용체 유무를 판단하고 유전체 이론과 비교.검토하였다. 실험결과 $0.86~0.93{\leq}x{\leq}1$에서 zincblende 구조, $0{\leq}x{\leq}0.29$범위에서 rocksalt구조의 고용체로 되었으며, 이들 영역에서는 격자정수, 결합에너지 및 흡수단은 조성에 따라 거의 직선적으로 변화했다. 상분리 영역을 포함한 miscibility gap은 $0.3{\leq}x{\leq}0.86~0.91$범위에서 존재하고 이 영역에서의 격자정수, 결합에너지 및 흡수단은 경계 조성의 값으로 일정했다. 상전이에 관한 실험결과는 Phillips의 유전이론에 기초한 이온성과 일치하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2010

The analysis of structure response and design of buried structures subjected to dynamic destructive loads have been receiving increasing interest due to recent severe damage caused by strong earthquakes and terrorist attacks. For a comprehensive design of buried structures subjected to blast loads to be conducted, the whole system behaviour including simulation of the explosion, propagation of shock waves through the soil medium, the interaction of the soil with the buried structure and the structure response needs to be simulated in a single model. Such a model will enable more realistic simulation of the fundamental physical behaviour. This paper presents a complete model simulating the whole system using the finite element package ABAQUS/Explicit. The Arbitrary Lagrange Euler Coupling formulation is used to model the explosive charge and the soil region near the explosion to eliminate the distortion of the mesh under high deformation, while the conventional finite element method is used to model the rest of the system. The elasto-plastic Drucker-Prager Cap model is used to model the soil behaviour. The explosion process is simulated using the Jones-Wilkens-Lee equation of state. The Concrete Damage Plasticity model is used to simulate the behaviour of concrete with the reinforcement considered as an elasto-plastic material. The contact interface between soil and structure is simulated using the general Mohr-Coulomb friction concept, which allows for sliding, separation and rebound between the buried structure surface and the surrounding soil. The behaviour of the whole system is evaluated using a numerical example which shows that the proposed model is capable of producing a realistic simulation of the physical system behaviour in a smooth numerical process.