• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.12-17
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• 2002

The extracellular invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) (Candida utilis) preparation was obtained from the liquid medium after desalting and freeze drying. This prepared enzyme was used for the comparative purification on 4 activated matrices by liquid column affinity chromatography method. In this method there were used controlled porous glass (CPG) silanized covalently activated by keratin, silanized silica gel and silica gel covalently covered by keratin. It was found that the invertase purification process was better using both CPG matrices (silanized CPG and keratin activated CPG) than these with two silica gel supports. Also the elution coefficient of the invertase from the two CPG columns was about 93 to 94%. Two silica gel supports found to be superior in terms of purification efficiency. The invertase purification process was confirmed by PAGE electrophoresis.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2000

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of several yeasts with or without chemical treatment (protoplasted) in formulated diets on growth and body composition of juvenile abalone(Haliotis discus hanai). There replicate groups of the abalone average weighing 210 mg were fed one of eight isonitrogenous (30%) and isolipidic (4.4%) diets containing 3% Kluyveromyces fragilis protoplasted K. fragilis Candida utilis protoplasted C. utilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae protoplasted S. cerevisiae or brewer's yeast. In addition these formulated diets were compared with commercial diet. Survival rate and proximate analysis of soft whole body of abalone were not significantly affected by the different dietary yeasts and commercial diet (P>0.05) Body weight gain and soft body weight control diet and diets containing S. cerevisiae or brewer's yeast (P<0.05) Shell length of abalone fed yeast and commercial diet (P<0.05) Th results suggest that protoplasted K. fragilis as an additive in this formulated diet can improve weight gain of abalone.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Kluyveromyces fragilis, Candida utilis and brewer's yeast as an additive in formulated diets containing different fish meal levels ($55{\%} and 45{\%}$) on growth and body composition of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Juvenile rockfish (average weight, 2.6 g) were distributed into 24 tanks with 3 replication groups and fed eight isoproteic ($41{\%}$) and isolipidic ($11{\%}$) diets containing each level ($3{\%}$) of K. frayilis, C. utilis and brewer's yeast as an additive. Survival rate of fish was not affected by dietary fish meal level and yeast kind (P > 0.05). Weight gain of fish fed the control and diets containing C. utilis and brewer's yeast was not influenced by fish meal level (P > 0.05), Weight gain of fish fed the $55{\%}$ fish meal diet containing C. utilis and $45{\%}$ fish meal diets containing K. fragilis and C. utilis was lower than that of fish fed the control diet (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the control and diet containing brewer's yeast were not affected by fish meal level, but these value of fish fed the diets containing K, fragilis and C. utilis were lower in $45{\%}$ fish meal diets than in $55{\%}$ fish meal diets. Hepatosomatic index and liver lipid content of fish fed the diet containing C. utilis were decreased regardless of fish meal level (P < 0.05), Hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell, plasma total protein and plasma total glucose were not affected by dietary fish meal levels and yeast supplements (P > 0.05). From the above results, it can be concluded that yeast supplement in this formulated diet for growth of juvenile rockfish is not necessary.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 2009

Yeast has been widely used as a food organism for mass culture of rotifer and also considered as a partial substitute food for microalga in shellfish culture. But the dietary value of yeast is poorer than that of microalga due to its low nutrition and thick cell wall. This study was carried out to find a nutritious yeast species as a food organism and to investigate the nutritional value of manipulated yeast for shellfish. First of all, three species of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis, Kluyveromyces fragilis) and their manipulated yeast were tested on the survival (%) and growth of Artemia nauplii and Mytilus edulis larvae, which were representative filter feeding animal and easy to control. The survival (%) and growth of Artemia nauplii fed C. utilis were higher than those fed S. cerevisiae or K. fragilis. The growth of Artemia nauplii and M. edulis larvae, which were fed manipulated yeast was higher than that fed non-manipulated one. The manipulated yeast with higher removal rate of cell wall showed better dietary value for Artemia nauplii and M. edulis larvae. M. edulis larvae fed mixed-diet with Isochrysis galbana (50%) and manipulated C. utilis (50%) showed significantly higher growth than those fed single-diet with I. galbana. It means that manipulated C. utilis can substitute I. galbana at least 50% for M. edulis larvae.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.255-256
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• 2000

효모는 크기가 매우 작고 영양성분이 풍부하기 때문에 양식 시 먹이생물로 이용되는 동물성 플랑크톤의 먹이나 배합사료의 첨가제로 많이 사용되고 있다. 효모의 종류는 수 없이 많은데 이러한 효모들 중에서 Kluyeromyces fragilis 와 Candida utilis 는 대량배양이 가능하며 병원성 균주가 아닌 먹이생물로서 개발가능성이 높은 것으로 보고되어 있다 (Epifanio, 1979). 또한 Lee et al (1999)은 영양성분을 분석하여 사료첨가제로 이용가능성을 타진한 바 있다. 본 연구는 양식 생산량이 증가하고 있는 조피볼락을 대상으로 경제적인 측면을 고려하여 어분 함량을 달리 첨가한 배합사료에 K. fragilis, C. utilis 및 맥주효모를 각각 3%씩 첨가한 사료를 제조, 공급하여 이들 효모첨가가 조피볼락의 성장과 체성분에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. (중략)

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.206-209
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• 2020

Candida osteomyelitis affecting maxillofacial bones has been scantly documented in the literature. Infantile osteomyelitis is an uncommon and life-threatening disease. Candida osteomyelitis causes significant morbidity. The present report describes a case of a 9-month-old infant with infantile osteomyelitis secondary to candida infection. This report describes its presentation and the management of palatal fistula in an infant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 1996

Possible yeast strains that could be used as feed for aquaculture were studied. It was shown that the maximum specific growth rate and the biomass yield of Kluyveromyces fragilis yeast and Candida utilis yeast under optimum pH and temperature were much higher than those of Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast which had been as established yeast diet for rotifer culture. Hence, this work was focussed on the growth characteristics of the two yeasts through flask dultures for mass production. With 5% inoculum dosage, the best values of $\mu$$_{max}$ and OD$_{max}$ were obtained with on 2.5% fructose medium and 2% YE medium for K. fragilis and C. utilis, respectively, where the values of $\mu$$_{max}$ and OD$_{max}$ were found to be 0.73 hr$^{-1}$ and 3.00 for K. fragilis and 0.59 hr$^{-1}$ and 2.80 for C. utilis. It was also found that the lag phase of the growth incresed with increasing initial zinc and NaCl concentrations and decreased with increasing inoculum dosage. Both yeasts could survive relatively well at 3.5% NaCl concentration, and only C. utilis yeast could utilize zinc.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 1992

Radish green juice was used as a dual source for the production of plant protein precipitate and Candida utilis biomass. Precipitates ranging from 10.0 to 16.5g were obtained from a liter of radish green juice by heating at 80-10$0^{\circ}C$C for 1 to 10 min or by modification of the pH of radish green juice. Crude protein content of the precipitate was between 25 and 38%. The residue remaining after protein precipitation was used in turn for the cultivation of the yeast, C. utilis, in order to produce yeast biomass. C. utilis grew well in radish green residual juice and completed growth within 24 hr at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 200rpm in shake flask experiments. Maximum dry cell weight obtainable from a liter of radish green residual juice was 19.5g, when the yeast was grown on the juice residue diluted 3 times or more with water to make sugar content be equal to or less than about 1.0%. Supplementation of 3-fold diluted radish green residual juice with yeast extract and (NH$_4$)SO$_4$ enhanced yeast biomass production and cell protein content significantly. Total high protein material obtainable from a liter of radish green juice was 33.0g.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.272-276
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• 2003

A yeast treatment process was applied to treat food processing organic wastewater containing inhibitory material to anaerobic bacteria. The wastewater contained high concentration of the furfural as a by-product from the food processing. Aerobic yeast (Candida utilis) was selected to remove organics in wastewater. The batch test showed that the wastewater had an inhibition to anaerobic bacteria. The optimum level of temperature for yeast treatment was ranged from 25 to 45$^{\circ}C$. The pH range from 4 to 8 was favorable to yeast growth. The continuous flow reactor was operated at various SRTs. The results were satisfactory with the reduction of COD up to 90％ at SRT of more than 1 day. Through the kinetic study of the yeast, the remained COD concentration was mainly caused by the formation of soluble microbial product (SMP).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.192-197
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to select an effective microbial strain to improve the functional qualities of Eisenia bicyclis water extract by fermentation. For this purpose, several microorganisms isolated from traditional Korean fermented foods were inoculated and cultivated in E. bicyclis water extract. Ultimately, yeast strain YM-1 was selected for further study based on its total phenolic compound (TP) content and antioxidant activity, which were enhanced by microbial fermentation. The extract fermented by YM-1 exhibited a superior TP content and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity compared to extracts fermented by other microbes. The highest TP content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were observed after one day of YM-1 fermentation. Yeast strain YM-1 was identified as Candida utilis based on an analysis of its physiological characteristics. During fermentation of the extract by C. utilis YM-1, no significant difference was observed in the proximate composition, including moisture, crude lipid, crude protein, and crude ash. Fermentation by C. utilis YM-1 resulted in enhanced biological activity, including increases in the TP content and antioxidant activity. Thus, fermentation by C. utilis YM-1 is an attractive strategy for developing value-added food ingredients.